Ontology highlight
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PROVIDER: PRJNA623479 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Increasing concern about pollution of our environment calls for advanced and rapid methods to estimate ecological toxicity. The use of gene expression microarrays in environmental studies can potentially meet this challenge. We present a novel method to examine soil toxicity. We exposed the collembolan Folsomia candida to soil containing an ecologically relevant cadmium concentration, and found a cumulative total of 1586 differentially expressed transcripts across three exposure durations, including transcripts involved in stress response, detoxification, and hypoxia. Additional enrichment analysis of gene ontology (GO) terms revealed that antibiotic biosynthesis is important at all time points examined. Interestingly, genes involved in the "penicillin and cephalosporin biosynthesis pathway" have never been identified in animals before, but are expressed in F. candida’s tissue. The synthesis of antibiotics can possibly be a response to increased cadmium-induced susceptibility to invading pathogens, which might be caused by repression of genes involved in the immune-system (C-type lectins and Toll receptor). This study presents a first global view on the environmental stress response of an arthropod species exposed to contaminated soil,and provides a mechanistic basis for the development of a gene expression soil quality test. Keywords: cadmium, soil, Collembola, environmental genomics
2008-08-08 | GSE11122 | GEO
Project description:Cadmium (Cd)-contamination in soil has been becoming a major environmental problem in China. Ramie, a fiber crop, was frequently proposed to be used as the crop for phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated farmlands. However, high level Cd accumulation can cause a great inhibition of growth in ramie. To understand the potential mechanism for this phenomenon, the ramie genes involved in the Cd stress response were identified using Illumina pair-end sequencing in two Cd-stressed plants (CdS1 and CdS2) and two control plants (CO1 and CO2) in this study. Approximately 48.7, 51.6, 41.2, and 47.1 million clean sequencing reads generated from the libraries of CO1, CO2, CdS1, and CdS2, respectively, were De novo assembled to yield 56,932 non-redundant unigenes. A total of 26,686 (46.9%) genes were annotated for their function. Comparison of gene expression levels between CO and CdS ramie revealed 155 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Sixteen DEGs was further confirmed their expression difference by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). Among these 16 DEGs, 2 genes encoding GA2-oxidase which is a major enzyme for deactivating bioactive gibberellins (GAs) were found with a markedly up-regulated expression, which is possibly responsible for the growth inhibition of Cd-stressed ramie. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that a pathway (Cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis) was markedly enriched by DEGs. The discovery of these Cd stress-responsive genes and pathways will be helpful for further understanding the mechanism of Cd-stressed response and improving the ability of Cd stress tolerance in ramie. A total of four samples, two replicates of control plants (CO1 and CO2) and two replicates of cadmium-stressed plants (CdS1 and CdS2) were used for RNA-seq.
2015-08-21 | E-GEOD-60583 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Phytoremediation soil polluted by heavy metal has been drawn on a worldwide attention from human society. However, how to improve the efficiency of plant remediation of soil contaminated by cadmium remains unknown. Previous studies showed that nitrogen (N) significantly enhanced cadmium uptake in poplar plants. In order to further explore the key role of N in the detoxification against cadmium stress in plants, this study try to investigate the poplar proteome and phosphoproteome difference between Cd stress and Cd+N treatment. In total, 5838 of the 6573 identified were quantified. With a fold-change threshold >1.3 and p-value<0.05, 375 and 108 proteins were up- and down-regulated by Cd stress when compared to the control, 42 and 89 proteins were up- and down-regulated, respectively, in Cd+N / Cd group, 522 and 127 proteins were up- and down-regulated, respectively, in Cd+N / CK group. In addition, the phosphoproteome data was obtained after the proteomic difference was normalized, and 1471phosphosites in 721 proteins were quantified. Based on a fold-change threshold >1.2, P-value <0.05, the Cd stress up-regulated 8 phosphosites in 8 proteins and down-regulated 69 phosphosites in 58 proteins, whereas N+Cd treatment up-regulated 95 phosphosites in 86 proteins and down-regulated 17 phosphosites in 17 proteins when compared to sole Cd stress. In addition, N+Cd treatment up-regulated 74 phosphosites in 60 proteins and down-regulated 42 phosphosites in 37 proteins when compared to the control.Several putative responses to stress proteins, transcriptional and translational regulation factors were up-regulated by addition ofexogenous nitrogen followed Cd stress at the proteome and phosphoproteome levels. Especially, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), peroxidase (POD), zinc finger protein (ZFP), ABC transporter protein (ABC), eukaryotic translation initiation factor (elF) and splicing factor 3B subunit 1-like (SF3BI) were up-regulated by Cd+N treatment whether at the proteome or at the phosphoproteome levels, which was need to further study. In a word, taken together of proteome and phosphoproteome data, nitrogen serves a protective role in plants treated with Cd by multiple ways.
2020-05-26 | PXD013360 | Pride
Project description:Environmental pollution is a worldwide problem, and metals are the largest group of contaminants in soil. Microarray toxicogenomic studies with ecologically relevant organisms such as springtails, supplement traditional ecotoxicological research, but are presently rather descriptive. Classifier analysis, a more analytical application of the microarray technique, is able to predict biological classes of unknown samples. We used the uncorrelated shrunken centroid (USC) method to classify gene expression profiles of the springtail Folsomia candida exposed to soil spiked with six different metals (barium, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, lead, and zinc). We identified a gene set (classifier) of 188 genes that can discriminate between six different metals present in soil, which allowed us to predict the correct classes for samples of an independent test set with an accuracy of 83% (error rate = 0.17). This study shows further that in order to apply classifier analysis to actual contaminated field soil samples, more insight and information is needed on the transcriptional responses of soil organisms to different soil types (properties) and mixtures of contaminants.
2010-02-05 | GSE19353 | GEO
Project description:Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic and carcinogenic pollutant that poses a threat to human and animal health by affecting several major organ systems. Urbanization and human activities have led to significant increases in Cd concentration in the environment, including in agroecosystems. To protect against the harmful effects of Cd, efforts are being made to promote safe crop production and to clean up Cd-contaminated agricultural lands and water, reducing Cd exposure through the consumption of contaminated agricultural products. There is a need for management strategies that can improve plant Cd tolerance and reduce Cd accumulation in crop plant tissues, all of which involve understanding the impacts of Cd on plant physiology and metabolism. Grafting, a longstanding plant propagation technique, has been shown to be a useful approach for studying the effects of Cd on plants, including insights into the signaling between organs and organ-specific modulation of plant performance under this form of environmental stress. In this review, we aim to highlight the current state of knowledge on the use of grafting to gain insights into Cd-induced effects as well as its potential applicability in safe crop production and phytoremediation. In particular, we emphasize the utility of heterograft systems for assessment of Cd accumulation, biochemical and molecular responses, and tolerance in crop and other plant species under Cd exposure, as well as potential intergenerational effects. We outline our perspectives and future directions for research in this area and the potential practical applicability of plant grafting, with attention to the most obvious gaps in knowledge. We aim at inspiring researchers to explore the potential of grafting for modulating Cd tolerance and accumulation and for understanding the mechanisms of Cd-induced responses in plants for both agricultural safety and phytoremediation purposes. Finally, it is important to bear in mind that although we have address Cd in this review, the idea can be applied to the large majority of abiotic and biotic stressors.
2023-06-26 | PXD041184 | Pride
Project description:Cadmium-contaminated soil samples Raw sequence reads
| PRJNA361046 | ENA
Project description:Field-selected tolerance to heavy metals has been reported for Orchesella cincta (Arthropoda: Collembola) populations occurring at metal-contaminated mining sites. This tolerance is correlated with heritable increase of metal excretion efficiency; less pronounce cadmium induced growth reduction and, over-expression of the metallothionein gene. We applied transcriptomics to determine differential gene expression caused by this abiotic stress in reference and cadmium tolerant populations. Many cDNAs responded to cadmium exposure in a reference population. Significantly fewer clones were cadmium responsive in tolerant animals. Analysis of variance revealed transcripts that interact between cadmium exposure and population. Hierarchical clustering of these clones revealed two major groups. The first one contained cDNAs that were up regulated by cadmium in the reference culture, but non-responsive or down regulated in tolerant animals. This cluster was also characterized by elevated constitutive expression in the tolerant population. Gene ontology analysis revealed that these cDNAs were involved in structural integrity of the cuticle, anti-microbial defense, calcium-channel blocking, neurotransmitter transport, chromatin remodeling and, endoplasmatic vesicle activity. The second group consisted of cDNAs down regulated in reference animals but not responding or slightly up regulated in tolerant animals. Their functions involved carbohydrate metabolic processes, Ca2+ dependent stress signaling, proteolysis and digestion. The reference population showed a strong signature of stress-induced genome-wide perturbation of gene expression, whereas the tolerant animals maintained normal gene expression upon cadmium exposure. We confirmed the micro-evolutionary processes occurring in soil arthropod populations and suggest a major contribution of gene regulation to the evolution of a stress-adapted phenotype.
2009-04-01 | GSE14076 | GEO
Project description:Environmental pollution is a worldwide problem, and metals are the largest group of contaminants in soil. Microarray toxicogenomic studies with ecologically relevant organisms such as springtails, supplement traditional ecotoxicological research, but are presently rather descriptive. Classifier analysis, a more analytical application of the microarray technique, is able to predict biological classes of unknown samples. We used the uncorrelated shrunken centroid (USC) method to classify gene expression profiles of the springtail Folsomia candida exposed to soil spiked with six different metals (barium, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, lead, and zinc). We identified a gene set (classifier) of 188 genes that can discriminate between six different metals present in soil, which allowed us to predict the correct classes for samples of an independent test set with an accuracy of 83% (error rate = 0.17). This study shows further that in order to apply classifier analysis to actual contaminated field soil samples, more insight and information is needed on the transcriptional responses of soil organisms to different soil types (properties) and mixtures of contaminants. Gene expression was measured in springtails after exposure of 2 days to soil containing either EC10 or EC50 of 6 different metals. The exposure experiment was performed in two separate series (1 and 2), both containing a separate non-spiked (LUFA 2.2) soil control. Also, two field soil samples were tested. The samples were divided into a separate training set and a validation set for USC classifier analysis.
2010-02-04 | E-GEOD-19353 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The expected increase of sustainable energy demand has shifted the attention towards bioenergy crops. Due to their know tolerance against abiotic stress and relatively low supply request, they have been proposed as election crops to be cultivated in marginal lands without disturbing the part of lands employed for agricultural purposes. Arundo donax L. is a promising bioenergy crop whose behaviour under water and salt stress has been recently studied at transcriptomic levels. As the anthropogenic activities produced in the last years a worrying increase of cadmium contamination worldwide, the aim of our work was to decipher the global transcriptomic response of A. donax leaf and root in the perspective of its cultivation in contaminated soil. In our study, RNA-seq libraries yielded a total of 416 million clean reads and 10.4 Gb per sample. De novo assembly of clean reads resulted in 378,521 transcripts and 126,668 unigenes with N50 length of 1812 bp and 1555 bp, respectively. Differential gene expression analysis revealed 5,303 deregulated transcripts (3,206 up- and 2,097 down regulated) specifically observed in the Cd-treated roots compared to Cd-treated leaves. Among them, we identified genes related to “Protein biosynthesis”, “Phytohormone action”, “Nutrient uptake”, “Cell wall organisation”, “Polyamine metabolism”, “Reactive oxygen species metabolism” and “Ion membrane transport”. Globally, our results indicate that ethylene biosynthesis and the downstream signal cascade are strongly induced by cadmium stress. In accordance to ethylene role in the interaction with the ROS generation and scavenging machinery, the transcription of several genes (NADPH oxidase 1, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, different glutathione S-transferases and catalase) devoted to cope the oxidative stress is strongly activated. Several small signal peptides belonging to ROTUNDIFOLIA, CLAVATA3, and C-TERMINALLY ENCODED PEPTIDE 1 (CEP) are also among the up-regulated genes in Cd-treated roots functioning as messenger molecules from root to shoot in order to communicate the stressful status to the upper part of the plants. Finally, the main finding of our work is that genes involved in cell wall remodelling and lignification are decisively up-regulated in giant reed roots this being a mechanism of cadmium avoidance adopted by giant cane and strongly supporting its cultivation in cadmium contaminated soils in a perspective to save agricultural soil for food and feed crops.
2022-02-03 | GSE195580 | GEO
Project description:Cadmium (Cd)-contamination in soil has been becoming a major environmental problem in China. Ramie, a fiber crop, was frequently proposed to be used as the crop for phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated farmlands. However, high level Cd accumulation can cause a great inhibition of growth in ramie. To understand the potential mechanism for this phenomenon, the ramie genes involved in the Cd stress response were identified using Illumina pair-end sequencing in two Cd-stressed plants (CdS1 and CdS2) and two control plants (CO1 and CO2) in this study. Approximately 48.7, 51.6, 41.2, and 47.1 million clean sequencing reads generated from the libraries of CO1, CO2, CdS1, and CdS2, respectively, were De novo assembled to yield 56,932 non-redundant unigenes. A total of 26,686 (46.9%) genes were annotated for their function. Comparison of gene expression levels between CO and CdS ramie revealed 155 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Sixteen DEGs was further confirmed their expression difference by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). Among these 16 DEGs, 2 genes encoding GA2-oxidase which is a major enzyme for deactivating bioactive gibberellins (GAs) were found with a markedly up-regulated expression, which is possibly responsible for the growth inhibition of Cd-stressed ramie. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that a pathway (Cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis) was markedly enriched by DEGs. The discovery of these Cd stress-responsive genes and pathways will be helpful for further understanding the mechanism of Cd-stressed response and improving the ability of Cd stress tolerance in ramie.
2015-08-21 | GSE60583 | GEO