Project description:Milk and soy are reported to contain bioactive molecules with antibacterial and immunomodulatory actions, which may be beneficial to people with IBD. The aim of this study was to determine whether diets containing ruminant milk or soy solids reduce intestinal inflammation in Il10-/- mice. Male Il10-/- mice and C57BL/6J mice were fed diets containing 40% (w/w) sheep, goat, or cow whole milk powder, 40% (w/w) soy solids (NOW® Foods Soy Milk Powder, Instant), or one of two control diets (casein-free modified-AIN76A or standard AIN76A) from 4 to 11 weeks of age. Diets were based on AIN76A, which was included as an inter-experimental control for inflammation. For all diets except AIN76A, total protein, fat, carbohydrate and energy were kept as similar as possible. Weight and food intake were measured throughout the experiment (three times weekly), and intestinal tissue was taken for histopathology evaluation of inflammation and analysis of gene expression. Analysis of mouse weight and feed intake both showed a significant strain-diet interaction: Il10-/- mice fed the cow and goat milk diets ate less and gained less weight than all the other diet groups. This diet effect was not evident for the C57BL/6J mice. Il10-/- mice on the cow and goat milk diets had reduced colon histological injury scores relative to those on the other diets. Il10-/- mice on the cow and goat milk diets also had reduced expression of many immune/inflammatory-related genes and pathways.
Project description:<p>Mature milk, as a nutrient-rich endogenous metabolite, has various beneficial effects on the human body. In order to investigate the specific nutrients provided by different dairy products to humans, we used UHPLC-Q-TOF MS to analyze the highly significantly differentially expressed metabolites in 13 species of mammalian mature milk, which were grouped into 17 major metabolite classes with 1992 metabolites based on chemical classification. KEGG shows that 5 pathways in which differentially significant metabolites are actively involved are ABC transporters, Purine metabolism, Pyrimidine metabolism, Phosphotransferase system, Galactose metabolism. The study found that pig milk and goat milk are closer to human milk and contain more nutrients that are beneficial to human health, followed by camel milk and cow milk. In the context of dairy production, the development of goat milk is more likely to meet human needs and health.</p>
Project description:Camel milk is widely characterized with regard to caseins and whey proteins. However, in camelids, close to nothing is known about the Milk Fat Globule Membrane (MFGM), the membrane surrounding fat globules in milk. The purpose of this study was thus to identify MFGM proteins from Camelus dromedarius milk. Major MFGM proteins (namely, fatty acid synthase, xanthine oxidase, butyrophilin, lactadherin, and adipophilin) already evidenced in cow milk were identified in camel milk using mass spectrometry. In addition, a 1D-LC-MS/MS approach led us to identify 322 functional groups of proteins associated with the camel Milk Fat Globule Membrane. We hope that these findings will contribute to a better characterization of camel milk and to an improved understanding of lipid droplet formation in the mammary epithelial cell.
Project description:Given that different diets could alter cow milk yield and composition, the effects of different feed formula on milk extracellular vesicle (EV) miRNAs were detected. Cow milk EVs contained various small RNAs, including miRNAs, snRNAs, tiRNAs, Cis-regulatory elements, and piRNAs. Two hundred and seventy-six known bos taurus miRNAs were identified by sequencing in bovine milk EVs. There were 13 immune-related miRNAs in the top 20 miRNAs in milk EVs. Nine differently expressed known miRNAs were detected in responding to different feed formulations. Cow milk EVs are abundant of small RNAs, especially miRNAs, which might be closely related to the development of maternal mammary gland and neonatal immune maturity.
Project description:In comparison with cow milk, goat (Capra hircus) milk contains much higher levels of unsaturated fatty acids, as well as higher levels of total fat, proteins, carbohydrates, calcium, and vitamins.The main objective of the present study was to better define the relationship of known miRNAs regulating milk fat metabolism. Our main purpose is to search for some known miRNAs regulating milk fat metabolism, to this end, we screened potential miRNAs with differential expression between peak-lactation and non-lactation.
Project description:In comparison with cow milk, goat (Capra hircus) milk contains much higher levels of unsaturated fatty acids, as well as higher levels of total fat, proteins, carbohydrates, calcium, and vitamins.The main objective of the present study was to better define the relationship of known miRNAs regulating milk fat metabolism. Our main purpose is to search for some known miRNAs regulating milk fat metabolism, to this end, we screened potential miRNAs with differential expression between peak-lactation and non-lactation. qPCR gene expression profiling. Monocytes from three healthy goats (3 year old) of similar body weight. We screened a series of potential miRNAs involved in regulation of milk metabolism.
Project description:Dietary lipids and gut microbiota may both influence adipose tissue physiology. By feeding conventional and germ-free mice high fat diets with different lipid compositon we aimed to investigate how dietary lipids and the gut microbiota interact to influence inflammation and metabolism in the liver Wild-type C57Bl/6 male mice 11 weeks of age were fed isocaloric diets (45% kcal fat) with either menhaden fish oil (Research Diets, D05122102) or lard (Research Diets, D10011202) for 11 weeks. Liver samples were harvested at the end of the experiment and analyzed by microarray.
Project description:Dietary lipids and gut microbiota may both influence adipose tissue physiology. By feeding conventional and germ-free mice high fat diets with different lipid compositon we aimed to investigate how dietary lipids and the gut microbiota interact to influence inflammation and metabolism in epididymal adipiose tissue (EWAT) Wild-type C57Bl/6 male mice 11 weeks of age were fed isocaloric diets (45% kcal fat) with either menhaden fish oil (Research Diets, D05122102) or lard (Research Diets, D10011202) for 11 weeks. Epididymal WAT samples were harvested at the end of the experiment and analyzed by microarray.