Trajectory Mapping of the Early Drosophila Germline Reveals Controls of Zygotic Activation and Sex Differentiation
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA632835 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Similar Datasets
Project description:We report single-cell RNA-sequencing data for sexed D. melanogaster germ cells from 0-8h embryos. We find in this time window that the transcriptome of male and female germ cells diverge and this coincides with the activation of the zygotic germline genome.
2020-09-10 | GSE150568 | GEO
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC8168578 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Female germline differentiation trajectory revealed by scRNA-seq
| PRJEB47244 | ENA
Project description:The effect of germline tissue on somatic sex-biased expression is examined. Expression is assayed in various adult tissues with germline ablated directly or genetically. The effect of germline signalling on sex-biased expression in the Drosophila head is also examined. Keywords: Expression profiling
2008-05-01 | GSE11017 | GEO
Project description:These data from sperm were generated to demonstrate detection of post-zygotic mutations in the male germline. This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/
| EGAS00001001700 | EGA
Project description:The germline is unique because it is the only cellular lineage capable of transferring genetic information from one generation to the next. Intergenerational transmission of epigenetic memory is also possible; however, in mammals this is largely prevented by extensive epigenetic erasure during germline definition from somatic precursors. We report that the ‘preformed’ germline of zebrafish, defined by inheritance of cellular components from the egg and not cellular reprogramming, shows consistently high levels of DNA methylation throughout development. This demonstrates epigenetic erasure is not a barrier to transgenerational epigenetic inheritance in zebrafish and likely other vertebrates with preformed germlines. Our analysis also uncovered female-specific germline amplification and demethylation of an 11.5-kb repeat region encoding 45S ribosomal RNA (fem-rDNA). The peak of fem-rDNA expansion coincided with the initial expansion of stage IB oocytes, the poly-nucleolar cell type responsible for zebrafish feminisation. Given that fem-rDNA overlaps with the only zebrafish locus identified thus far as sex-linked, we hypothesize fem-rDNA expansion is intrinsic to sex determination in this species.
2018-11-20 | GSE122695 | GEO
Project description:DUX4 is a germline transcription factor and a master regulator of zygotic genome activation. During early embryogenesis, DUX4 is crucial for maternal to zygotic transition at the 8-cell stage in order to overcome silencing of genes and enable transcription from the zygotic genome. In adult somatic cells, DUX4 expression is silenced and its activation in adult muscle cells causes the genetic disorder Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy (FSHD). Here we show that herpesviruses actively induce DUX4 expression to promote viral transcription and replication. We demonstrate that HSV-1 immediate early proteins directly induce expression of DUX4 and its target genes including endogenous retroelements, which mimics zygotic genome activation. DUX4 directly binds to the viral genome, promotes viral transcription and genetic depletion of DUX4 by CRISPR/Cas9 abrogates viral replication. Our results show that viruses from alpha-, beta- and gamma-herpesvirus subfamilies induce DUX4 expression and downstream germline-specific genes and retroelements. Herpesviruses activate DUX4 expression in order to induce an early embryonic-like transcriptional program that prevents epigenetic silencing of the viral genome and facilitates herpesviral gene expression.
2023-06-11 | GSE234489 | GEO
Project description:In many species, males and females display differences in their physiology that are not limited to the gonads. Sex differences in adult insects can comprise body size and feeding behaviour, as only female, but not male mosquitoes are blood-feeding in order to produce eggs. This is relevant since the malaria-causing parasite Plasmodium is transmitted by a female mosquito through a previous blood meal from an infected individual. The initiation of sex-specific developmental programs can be often linked to heteromorphic sex chromosomes (XX/XY in Anopheles). In males, the X-linked genes are only present in a single copy. To counteract this hemizygosity, Anopheles, like other species, exhibits dosage compensation (DC). Anopheles DC manifests by upregulation of the single male X ensuring the equal expression of sex-chromosomal genes between males and females. To date, the sex-specific differences at the transcriptome level related to the X/Y chromosomes and DC have been characterized at post-embryonic stages. Their onset during embryogenesis, especially during the early stages where the embryo switches from the maternal to the zygotic transcriptome, is largely uncharacterized to date. Here, we generate a sex-specific transcriptome atlas across Anopheles embryogenesis ending at the first larval stage. Along with the transition from the maternal to the zygotic transcriptome, many transcripts switch isoform, where the 3’ untranslated regions (UTR) of zygotic transcripts are significantly extended compared to their maternal counterpart. We also identify stage- and sex-specific splicing events. Comparing male and female embryos, we identify 120 sexually dimorphic protein coding genes and non-coding RNAs, indicating that sexually dimorphic gene expression is not widespread during embryogenesis. Furthermore, the imbalance of X-linked genes between males and females after zygotic genome activation is corrected shortly after, where the majority of genes exhibit DC around 9 hours of embryogenesis with further fine-tuning later in development. Our atlas provides a framework to explore sex differences in development and evolution and thereby, enables future functional analyses of sex-specific expression patterns and isoform usage.
2023-07-25 | GSE210624 | GEO
Project description:Gametogenesis is dependent on the expression of germline-specific genes. However, it remains unknown how the germline epigenome is distinctly established from that of somatic lineages. Here we show that genes commonly expressed in somatic lineages and spermatogenesis-progenitor cells undergo repression in a genome-wide manner in late stages of the male germline and identify underlying mechanisms. SCML2, a germline-specific subunit of a Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1), establishes the unique epigenome of the male germline through two distinct antithetical mechanisms. SCML2 works with PRC1 and promotes RNF2-dependent ubiquitination of H2A, thereby marking somatic/progenitor genes on autosomes for repression. Paradoxically, SCML2 also prevents RNF2-dependent ubiquitination of H2A on sex chromosomes during meiosis, thereby enabling unique epigenetic programming of sex chromosomes for male reproduction. Our results reveal divergent mechanisms involving a shared regulator by which the male germline epigenome is distinguished from that of the soma and progenitor cells.
2015-02-19 | GSE55060 | GEO
Project description:we identify Scml2, a subunit of a germ cell-specific polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1), as a critical epigenetic modifier that establishes the germline-specific epigenome through two distinct functions. One of these functions is in the stem cell phase of spermatogonia and the other is on meiotic sex chromosomes. During the stem cell phase of spermatogonia, Scml2 establishes Rnf2- dependent ubiquitination of H2A (Rnf2-ubH2A) as an epigenetic memory that subsequently ensures programmed repression of somatic genes during the late stages of spermatogenesis. Additionally, during meiosis, Scml2 interacts with M-NM-3H2AX and works downstream of the DNA damage response factor Mdc1 on the sex chromosomes and, contrary to autosomes, suppresses Rnf2-ubH2A for proper epigenetic programming of the sex chromosomes. Taken together, Scml2 positively regulates Rnf2-ubH2A on autosomes and negatively regulates Rnf2-ubH2A on the sex chromosomes to establish the germline-specific epigenome in spermatogenesis. Our study reveals a novel layer of epigenetic regulation in the male germline and adds further insight into the functionality of the polycomb proteins. RNA-seq and ChIP-seq analyses using wild-type and Scml2 KO spermatogenic cells
2015-02-19 | E-GEOD-55060 | biostudies-arrayexpress