Imaging resident and recruited macrophage contributions to Wallerian degeneration
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA638627 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Abstract: Wallerian degeneration (WD) is a process of autonomous distal degeneration of axons upon injury. Macrophages (MP) of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) are main cellular agent controlling this process. Some evidences suggest that resident PNS-MP along with MP of hematogenous origin may be involved but whether these two subsets exert distinct functions is unknown. Combining MP-designed fluorescent reporters mice, and coherent anti-stoke raman scattering (CARS) imaging of the sciatic nerve, we deciphered the spatio-temporal choreography of resident and recently recruited MP after injury and unveiled distinct functions of these subsets with recruited MP responsible of efficient myelin stripping and clearance while resident MP were involved in axonal regrowth. This work provides clues to tackle selectively cellular processes involved in neurodegenerative diseases. Methods: (relevant for this GEO dataset): RNAseq of sciatic nerve macrophages from mice after CCI: Sorted cells were lysed in 100µl of RA1/TCEP buffer (NucleoSpin RNA XS, Macherey-Nagel), snap frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -80C until RNA extraction. All samples were processed in parallel and RNA extraction (without Carrier RNA but with on-column DNase treatment) was performed according to manufacturer's instructions (NucleoSpin RNA XS, Macherey-Nagel). RNA was eluted in RNAse-free water. Preparation of cDNA libraries for RNAseq was done using the SmartSeq method according to manufacturer's instructions (SMART-Seq v4 Ultra Low Input RNA Kit for Sequencing, Clontech/TaKaRa). Due to the low number of cells, the total amount of eluted RNA was used as starting material for reverse transcription, followed by 18 cycles of pre-amplification. 1ng of cDNA were used for RNAseq sequencing library preparation, according to manufacturer's instructions (Nextera XT DNA Library Preparation, Illumina). Final samples pooled library prep were sequenced on a Nextseq 500 ILLUMINA with MidOutPut cartridge (2x130Millions of 75 bases reads) with 2 runs (4plex and 5plex), corresponding to 2x30Millions of (paired-end) reads per sample after demultiplexing.
2020-06-30 | GSE152206 | GEO
Project description:Both resident microglia and invading peripheral immune cells can respond to injury and degeneration in the central nervous system. However, after dead and dying neurons have been cleared and homeostasis is re-established, it is unknown whether resident immune cells fully resume normal functions and to what degree the peripheral immune cells take up residence. Using flow cytometry, in vivo retinal imaging, immunohistochemistry, and single-cell mRNA sequencing, we assess resident microglia and monocyte-derived macrophages in the retina during and after the loss of photoreceptors in the Arr1-/- mouse model of inducible degeneration. We find that photoreceptor loss results in a small, sustained increase in mononuclear phagocytes and, after degeneration wanes, these cells re-establish a spatial mosaic reminiscent of healthy retinas. Transcriptomic analysis revealed the population remained unusually heterogeneous, with several subpopulations expressing gene patterns consistent with mildly activated phenotypes. Roughly a third of “new resident” cells expressed markers traditionally associated with both microglial and monocytic lineages, making their etiology ambiguous. Using an inducible Cre-based fluorescent lineage tracing paradigm to confirm the origins of new resident immune cells, we found approximately equal numbers of microglia and monocyte-derived macrophages after degeneration had subsided. In vivo retinal imaging and immunohistochemical analysis showed that both subpopulations remained functionally responsive to sites of local damage, though on average the monocyte-derived cells had less morphological complexity, expressed higher levels of MHCII, and had less migratory activity than the native resident population. Monocytic cells that infiltrate the retina during degeneration differentiate into monocyte-derived macrophages that can remain in the retina long-term. These monocyte-derived macrophages adopt ramified morphologies and microglia-like gene expression. However, they remain distinguishable in morphology and gene expression from resident microglia and appear to differ functionally, showing less responsiveness to subsequent retinal injuries. These findings support the idea that persistent changes in the local immune population in response to cell loss in aging and progressive retinal diseases may include subpopulations of bone marrow derived cells whose ability to respond to subsequent insults wanes over time.
2023-01-06 | GSE211702 | GEO
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC7596821 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The primary objective of this study was to compare global differences in transcriptional programming of resident and recruited alveolar macrophages in a time-limited murine model of lung inflammation. We first performed RNA sequencing of the resident and recruited alveolar macrophages from initiation through resolution of LPS-induced lung inflammation in the mouse. Our results indicate that despite existing in a shared environment, cell origin is the major determinant of programming of resident and recruited AMs during an acute inflammatory response. Major areas of difference include cell proliferation, inflammatory cytokine production and metabolism.
2017-09-19 | GSE94749 | GEO
Project description:Microglia and border-associated macrophages (BAMs) are brain-resident self-renewing cells with important homeostatic functions. However, their fate during and after severe episodes of brain inflammation and their relation to recruited monocyte-derived cells remain poorly understood. Here, we show that Trypanosoma brucei parasites invade the brain via its border regions, triggering a disruption of brain barriers and the recruitment of large numbers of monocytes. Fate-mapping combined with single-cell sequencing revealed the remarkable dynamics of resident macrophages, including microglia accumulation around the ventricular ependyma and an expansion of epiplexus cells. Resident macrophages were important for attracting peripheral immune cells and driving a pro-inflammatory response. However, recruited monocyte-derived macrophages reached higher cell densities and exhibited more transcriptional plasticity, adopting anti-microbial gene expression profiles not observed resident macrophages. Remarkably, recruited macrophages were short-lived and rapidly removed upon disease resolution, while activated resident macrophages progressively reverted towards a homeostatic state. Long-term transcriptional alterations were limited for microglia but more pronounced in BAMs. Together our results reveal the diverging responses and dynamics of resident and recruited macrophages upon Trypanosome invasion of the brain.
2022-08-26 | GSE212078 | GEO
Project description:Neuroinflammation commonly accompanies neurodegeneration, but the specific roles of resident and infiltrating immune cells during degeneration remains controversial. Much of the difficulty in assessing myeloid cell-specific functions during disease progression arises from the inability to clearly distinguish between activated microglia and bon e marrow-derived monocytes and macrophages in various stages of differentiation and activation within the central nervous system. Using an inducible model of photoreceptor cell death, we investigated the prevalence of infiltrating monocytes and macrophage subpopulations after the initiation of degeneration in the mouse retina. In vivo retinal imaging revealed infiltration of CCR2+ leukocytes across retinal vessels and into the parenchyma within 48 hours of photoreceptor degeneration. Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry confirmed and characterized these leukocytes as CD11b+CD45+ cells. Single-cell mRNA sequencing of the entire CD11b+CD45+ population revealed the presence of resting microglia, activated microglia, monocytes, and macrophages as well as 12 distinct subpopulations within these four major cell classes. Our results demonstrate a previously immeasurable degree of molecular heterogeneity in the innate immune response to cell-autonomous degeneration within the central nervous system and highlight the necessity of unbiased high-throughput and high-dimensional molecular techniques like scRNAseq to understand the complex and changing landscape of immune responders during disease progression.
2019-03-19 | GSE121081 | GEO
Project description:Cardiac macrophages are heterogenous in phenotype and functions, which has been associated with differences in their ontogeny. Despite extensive research, our understanding of the precise role of different subsets of macrophages in ischemia/reperfusion injury remains incomplete. We here investigated macrophage lineages and ablated tissue macrophages in homeostasis and after I/R injury in a CSF1R-dependent manner. Genomic deletion of a fms-intronic regulatory element (FIRE) in the Csf1r locus resulted in specific absence of resident homeostatic and antigen-presenting macrophages, without affecting the recruitment of monocyte-derived macrophages to the infarcted heart. Specific absence of homeostatic, monocyte-independent macrophages altered the immune cell crosstalk in response to injury and induced proinflammatory neutrophil polarization, resulting in impaired cardiac remodelling without influencing infarct size. In contrast, continuous CSF1R inhibition led to depletion of both resident and recruited macrophage populations. This augmented adverse remodelling after I/R and led to an increased infarct size and deterioration of cardiac function. In summary, resident macrophages orchestrate inflammatory responses improving cardiac remodelling, while recruited macrophages determine infarct size after I/R injury. These findings attribute distinct beneficial effects to different macrophage populations in the context of myocardial infarction.
2024-04-14 | GSE263545 | GEO
Project description:Cardiac macrophages are heterogenous in phenotype and functions, which has been associated with differences in their ontogeny. Despite extensive research, our understanding of the precise role of different subsets of macrophages in ischemia/reperfusion injury remains incomplete. We here investigated macrophage lineages and ablated tissue macrophages in homeostasis and after I/R injury in a CSF1R-dependent manner. Genomic deletion of a fms-intronic regulatory element (FIRE) in the Csf1r locus resulted in specific absence of resident homeostatic and antigen-presenting macrophages, without affecting the recruitment of monocyte-derived macrophages to the infarcted heart. Specific absence of homeostatic, monocyte-independent macrophages altered the immune cell crosstalk in response to injury and induced proinflammatory neutrophil polarization, resulting in impaired cardiac remodelling without influencing infarct size. In contrast, continuous CSF1R inhibition led to depletion of both resident and recruited macrophage populations. This augmented adverse remodelling after I/R and led to an increased infarct size and deterioration of cardiac function. In summary, resident macrophages orchestrate inflammatory responses improving cardiac remodelling, while recruited macrophages determine infarct size after I/R injury. These findings attribute distinct beneficial effects to different macrophage populations in the context of myocardial infarction.
2024-04-14 | GSE263544 | GEO
Project description:Dynamic Shifts in the Composition of Resident and Recruited Macrophages Influence Tissue Remodeling in NASH
| PRJNA682557 | ENA
Project description:Mononuclear phagocytes promote injury and repair following myocardial infarction but discriminating functions within mixed populations remains challenging. We utilized fate mapping and single cell RNA-sequencing to delineate fate specification trajectories of heterogeneous cardiac macrophage subpopulations. In steady state, TIMD4 expression tracked with a dominant resident cardiac macrophage subset that persisted via in situ self-renewal with minimal monocyte input. Following ischemic injury, monocytes displayed significant plasticity, ultimately adopting transcriptional states similar to resident macrophages, but also multiple unique states. Ischemic injury reduced resident macrophage abundance within infarct tissue, and despite transcriptional similarity, TIMD4 expression distinguished resident from recruited macrophages. Specific lineage-based depletion of resident cardiac macrophages resulted in depressed cardiac function and adverse remodeling primarily within the peri-infarct zone, the only region of the myocardium where resident macrophages expanded numerically following injury. Together, these data highlight a non-redundant, cardioprotective role of resident cardiac macrophages, and the diverse transcriptional fates recruited monocytes can adopt.
2018-12-15 | GSE119355 | GEO