Wnt/PCP-primed intestinal stem cells directly differentiate into enteroendocrine or Paneth cells
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PROVIDER: PRJNA638960 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:We performed 7 single-cell RNAseq experiments to identify progenitor cell populations in the small intestine. To also capture rare intestinal cell populations such as stem cells and secretory cells we not only analyzed crypt cells from wildtype mice but also used two reporter mouse lines: i) the FltpZV/+ mouse line of which we mixed live crypt cells with Fltp Venus reporter (FVR) positive cells at different ratios and ii) Foxa2-Venus fusion (FVF) reporter mice. The FVF-enriched samples are part of another manuscript (link to GEO# will be provided). Using this FACS-based enrichment strategy, we could identify a Paneth cell-primed ISC population and potential progenitor populations for all intestinal lineages. To assess the role of Wnt/PCP signaling for enteroendocrine and Paneth cell differentiation, we performed 4 single-cell RNAseq experiments from crypt cells of Celsr1crsh/+; FltpZV/ZV compound mutant mice. When comparing control and mutant cells we found specific transcriptional alterations in the Paneth cell lineage.
2020-09-11 | GSE152325 | GEO
Project description:A detailed understanding of intestinal stem cell (ISC) self-renewal and differentiation is required for better treatment options for a variety of chronic intestinal diseases, however, current models of ISC lineage hierarchy and segregation are still under debate. Here we report the identification of Lgr5+ ISCs that express Flattop (Fltp), a Wnt/planar cell polarity (PCP) reporter and effector gene. Functional analysis and lineage tracing revealed that Wnt/PCP-activated Fltp+ ISCs are primed towards either the enteroendocrine or Paneth cell lineage in vivo, while retaining self-renewal and multi-lineage capacity in vitro. Surprisingly, canonical Wnt/beta-catenin- and non-canonical Wnt/PCP-activated Lgr5+ ISCs are indistinguishable by the expression of stem-cell signature or secretory lineage-specifying genes, suggesting that lineage priming and cell-cycle exit is triggered at the post-transcriptional level by polarity cues and a switch of canonical to non-canonical Wnt signalling. Pseudotemporal ordering of targeted single-cell gene expression data allowed us to delineate the ISC differentiation path into enteroendocrine and Paneth cells. Strikingly, both lineages are directly recruited from ISCs via unipotent transition states, excluding the existence of formerly predicted bi- or multipotent secretory progenitors. Transitory cells that mature into Paneth cells are defined by label-retention and co-expression of stem cell and secretory lineage genes, indicating that these cells are the previously described Lgr5+ label-retaining cells (LRCs). Taken together, we identified the Wnt/PCP pathway as a new niche signal and polarity cue regulating stem cell fate. Active Wnt/PCP signalling represents one of the earliest events in ISC lineage priming towards the Paneth and enteroendocrine cell fate, preceding lateral inhibition and expression of secretory lineage-specifying genes. Thus, our findings provide a better understanding of the niche signals and redefine the mechanisms underlying ISC lineage hierarchy and segregation. Here we establish the Wnt/Planar cell polarity (PCP) gene Flattop (Fltp) as a unique marker for intestinal LRCs and their distinct secretory fate. We show that Fltp+ cells are characterized by a combined stem cell and secretory gene signature. A subset of Fltp+ cells is classified by label-retention and predominantly locates at position +4, indicative of quiescent stem cells. Strikingly, Fltp+ LRCs are specified by Wnt/PCP signaling in contrast to actively cycling stem cells that rely on the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In mice with disturbed Wnt/PCP signaling, the differentiation of enteroendocrine cells from LRCs is impaired. These findings establish Fltp as a novel marker for intestinal LRCs and implicate Wnt/PCP signaling in cell-cycle exit and commitment of ISCs to the secretory lineage. Taken together, we not only provide a marker to study LRCs in homeostatic and diseased conditions, but also identify the Wnt/PCP signaling pathway as a therapeutic target for colorectal cancer and metabolic disease.
2020-09-11 | GSE72112 | GEO
Project description:Non-canonical Wnt/PCP signalling regulates intestinal stem cell lineage priming towards enteroendocrine and Paneth cell fates
| PRJNA368834 | ENA
Project description:Imbalance in intestinal stem cell (ISC) homeostasis leads to cancer and metabolic disease. Therefore intense efforts are underway to understand ISC hierarchy and the niche signals that control stem cell fate. Several ISC populations have been described according to their marker expression, cell-cycle behavior and lineage potential. Actively cycling Lgr5+ ISCs ensure homeostatic renewal. A less well-defined and minor population of quiescent and label-retaining cells (LRCs) is viewed as a reserve stem cell pool. However, the existence of quiescent stem cells distinct from the Lgr5+ ISCs is controversial. Indeed, recent findings identified quiescent intestinal cells as a subpopulation of Lgr5+ ISCs that are committed to the secretory fate, but the signals that maintain and activate quiescent cells/LRCs remain elusive.
2020-09-11 | GSE94090 | GEO
Project description:We generated knock-in mice expressing GFP under the control of the endogenous GIP (Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide) promoter that enable the isolation of a purified population of small intestine K cells. Using RNA-Seq, we comprehensively characterized the transcriptomes of GIP-GFP cells as well as the entire enteroendocrine lineage derived from Neurogenin3 (Ngn3)-expressing progenitors. We interrogated the whole transcriptome of FACS-isolated small intestine GIPGFP cells using high-throughput mRNA sequencing. We also obtained the global gene expression patterns of the entire enteroendocrine cell lineage as well as the non-enteroendocrine cell population, comprising enterocytes, goblet cells and Paneth cells. To achieve this, small intestine epithelial cells from male mice resulting from the breeding of Neurogenin3 (Ngn3)-Cre mice with ROSA26-LoxP-STOP-LoxP-tomato indicator mice were isolated based on Tomato fluorescence and negative staining for CD45. Due to the small cell numbers, we constructed each of the three RNA-Seq libraries (GIPGFP, Ngn3TOMATO, and Ngn3-) using a pool of equal amounts of individual RNA samples without RNA amplification.
2015-01-01 | E-GEOD-61250 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The mammalian intestine is one of the most rapidly self-renewing tissues, driven by actively cycling stem cells residing at the crypt bottom . Together with stromal cells, Paneth cells form a major element of the niche microenvironment that provides various growth factors to orchestrate intestinal stem cell homeostasis, such as Wnt3. With 19 family members, different Wnt ligands can selectively activate βcatenin dependent (canonical) or independent (non-canonical) signaling. Here, we report that Dishevelled-associated activator of morphogenesis 1 (Daam1) and its paralogue Daam2 asymmetrically regulate canonical and non-canonical Wnt (Wnt/PCP) signaling, and their function is required for Paneth cell progenitor differentiation. We found that Daam1/2 interacts with the Wnt antagonist Rnf43, and Daam1/2 double knockout stimulates canonical Wnt signaling by preventing Rnf43-dependent endo-lysosomal degradation of the ubiquitinated Wnt receptor, Frizzled (Fzd). Moreover, single-cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed that Paneth cell differentiation is impaired by Daam1/2 depletion, as a result of defective Wnt/PCP signaling. Taken together, we identified Daam1/2 as an unexpected hub molecule coordinating both canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling, the regulation of which is fundamental for specifying an adequate number of Paneth cells while maintaining intestinal stem cell homeostasis.
2023-08-25 | GSE239710 | GEO
Project description:Through chemical contamination of natural environments, microbial communities are exposed to many different types of chemical stressors; however, research on whole genome responses to this contaminant stress is limited. This study examined the transcriptome response of a common soil bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, to the common environmental contaminant pentachlorophenol (PCP). Cells were grown in chemostats at a low growth rate to obtain substrate-limited, steady-state, balanced-growth conditions. The PCP stress was administered as a continuous increase in concentration, and samples taken over time were examined for physiological function changes with whole cell acetate uptake rates (WAUR) and cell viability, and for gene expression changes using Affymetrix GeneChip technology and RT-PCR. Cell viability, measured by heterotrophic plate counts, showed a moderately steady decrease after exposure to the stressor, but WAURs did not change in response to PCP. In contrast to the physiological data, the microarray data showed significant changes in the expression of several genes. In particular, genes coding for multi-drug efflux pumps, including MexAB-OprM, were strongly upregulated. The upregulation of these efflux pumps protected the cells from the potentially toxic effects of PCP, allowing the physiological whole-cell function to remain constant. Keywords: stress response to pentachlorophenol
2006-09-08 | GSE5604 | GEO
Project description:Through chemical contamination of natural environments, microbial communities are exposed to many different types of chemical stressors; however, research on whole genome responses to this contaminant stress is limited. This study examined the transcriptome response of a common soil bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, to the common environmental contaminant pentachlorophenol (PCP). Cells were grown in chemostats at a low growth rate to obtain substrate-limited, steady-state, balanced-growth conditions. The PCP stress was administered as a continuous increase in concentration, and samples taken over time were examined for physiological function changes with whole cell acetate uptake rates (WAUR) and cell viability, and for gene expression changes using Affymetrix GeneChip technology and RT-PCR. Cell viability, measured by heterotrophic plate counts, showed a moderately steady decrease after exposure to the stressor, but WAURs did not change in response to PCP. In contrast to the physiological data, the microarray data showed significant changes in the expression of several genes. In particular, genes coding for multi-drug efflux pumps, including MexAB-OprM, were strongly upregulated. The upregulation of these efflux pumps protected the cells from the potentially toxic effects of PCP, allowing the physiological whole-cell function to remain constant. Experiment Overall Design: Cells of P. aeruginosa were grown in steady-state nutrient-limiting conditions using a minimal medium with acetate as the sole carbon source. PCP was added as a continuous input, and the samples were taken at timepoints corresponding to approximately 0.5, 1, and 2 generation times. Reactors were run at least in triplicate, and samples from duplicate WT reactors and a single RpoS- reactor were used for the microarrays. Gene expression is reported as the average fold-change associated with gene expression of PCP-shocked cells compared with the pre-PCP timepoint (0 hours) for the WT.
2008-06-13 | E-GEOD-5604 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:PCP remediation bioreactors Raw sequence reads
| PRJNA475524 | ENA
Project description:Paneth cells are targets of allo-reactive T cells during acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). GVHD-related loss of Paneth cells is connected to intestinal dysbiosis and a decline of antimicrobial peptides. Glucagon-like-peptide-2 (GLP-2) is an enteroendocrine tissue hormone, produced by the intestinal L-cells, that leads to expansion of Paneth cells. Microarray-based analysis of the intestinal tract revealed upregulation of a host-defense gene signature, increased Reg3-γ and Defensin-α-4 in the teduglutide treated group compared to the vehicle treated group. these results indicate that treatment of GVHD mice the GLP-2 analogue, teduglutide, restores intestinal homeostasis with increased Paneth cells and antimicrobial peptides
2023-10-29 | GSE138439 | GEO