Genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screening for identification of genes which regulate CD38 expression in RPMI 8226 cells
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA643779 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:We showed that interleukin-6 (IL-6) from bone marrow stromal cells downregulated CD38 expression in multiple myeloma (MM) cells. Then we performed a genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screening to identify key molecules mediating IL-6-induced CD38 downregulation. Although IL-6 triggered downregulation of CD38 expression on the majority of RPMI 8226 cells, a small fraction maintained relatively high CD38 expression. We therefore sorted those top 5% cells with CD38-high expression and compared these cells with non-sorted control cells. The gene rank based on p-value identified Janus kinase (JAK) 1 and signal transducer-activator of transcription (STAT) 3 as highly positively enriched genes as potential mediators of IL-6-induced CD38 downregulation. We validated STAT3 and found CD38 expression was regulated by both STAT1 (positively) and STAT3 (negatively), and that inhibition of JAK-STAT3 pathway represents a novel therapeutic option to enhance CD38 expression and anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody-mediated MM cytotoxicity.
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Project description:Although new therapies have doubled the survival of multiple myeloma (MM) patients, this remains an incurable disease. It has been postulated that the so-called MM Cancer Stem Cells (MM-CSC) would be responsible for tumor initiation and relapse but their unequivocal identification remains unclear. Here, we investigated in a panel of MM cell lines the presence of CD20+ cells harboring a MM-CSC phenotype. Among the multiple cell lines investigated, only a small population of CD20dim+ cells (0.3%) in the RPMI-8226 cell line was found. CD20dim+ RPMI-8226 cells expressed the plasma cell markers CD38 and CD138 and were CD19-CD27-. Additionally, CD20dim+ RPMI-8226 cells did not exhibit stem-cell markers as shown by gene expression profiling and the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) assay. Moreover, we demonstrated that CD20dim+ RPMI-8226 cells are not essential for CB17-SCID mice engraftment and show lower self-renewal potential than the CD20- RPMI-8226 cells. These results do not support CD20+ expression for the identification of MM-CSC.
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Project description:In vivo Genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screening
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Project description:Isatuximab is an IgG1 antibody that recognizes CD38 molecule on the surface of MM plasma cells and induces, among others, NK cell-mediated antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). In this study we sough to unveil the effect of anti-CD38 antibody on NK cells We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression underlying the differences among NK cells co-cultured with RPMI 8226 cells in the presence or absence of anti-CD38 antibody
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Project description:Although new therapies have doubled the survival of multiple myeloma (MM) patients, this remains an incurable disease. It has been postulated that the so-called MM Cancer Stem Cells (MM-CSC) would be responsible for tumor initiation and relapse but their unequivocal identification remains unclear. Here, we investigated in a panel of MM cell lines the presence of CD20+ cells harboring a MM-CSC phenotype. Among the multiple cell lines investigated, only a small population of CD20dim+ cells (0.3%) in the RPMI-8226 cell line was found. CD20dim+ RPMI-8226 cells expressed the plasma cell markers CD38 and CD138 and were CD19-CD27-. Additionally, CD20dim+ RPMI-8226 cells did not exhibit stem-cell markers as shown by gene expression profiling and the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) assay. Moreover, we demonstrated that CD20dim+ RPMI-8226 cells are not essential for CB17-SCID mice engraftment and show lower self-renewal potential than the CD20- RPMI-8226 cells. These results do not support CD20+ expression for the identification of MM-CSC. For detailed description of Material and Methods, see supplementary Methods. The human MM cell lines RPMI-8226, U266, MM1S, MM1R, NCI-H929, RPMI-LR5, U266-LR7 and U266-Dox4 were studied. Cells were cultured as previously described [Ocio, 2009, 3781]. MM cell lines were immunophenotyped using a 7-color immunofluorescence technique [Paiva, 2011, 697], with the following combination of monoclonal antibodies (Pacific Blue (PB)/ anemonia majano cyan (AmCyan)/ fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)/ peridinin chlorophyll protein-cyanin 5.5 (PerCP-Cy5.5)/ PE-cyanin 7 (PE-Cy7)/ allophycocyanin (APC)/ alexafluor 700 (AF700)): CD19/CD45/CD20/CD138/CD27/CD56/CD38. Data were stored for a minimum of 3x105 events. CD20dim+ and CD20- RPMI-8226 cells were sorted after incubation with CD20-APC/7AAD and acquisition on a FACSAria cytometer (Becton Dickison Biosciences). Sorting was performed only for viable cells (7AAD-) and debris were excluded by scatter properties. The CD20- and CD20dim+ RPMI-8266 sorted cells had a final purity of 98% and 88%, respectively. CD20dim+ and CD20- RPMI-8226 cells were extensively characterized. Morphological characterization was done with May-Grünwald-Giemsa staining. Characterization of VDJH and IGKappa rearrangements was performed as described elsewhere [BIOMED-2, BMH4-CT98-3936]. The expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) was assessed using the Aldefluor Kit (StemCell Technologies) following manufacturer’s instructions with further staining with a CD20-APC antibody. For gene expression profile studies, RNA was isolated, labeled and hybridized to Human Gene 1.0 ST array (Affymetrix) according to Affymetrix protocols [Gutiérrez, 2005, 402]. The arrays were analyzed using the DNA-Chip Analyzer software (DChip). Fold change ≥2 was considered significant.
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Project description:CD38 and CD49d are associated negative prognosticators in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Despite evidence that both molecules are involved in interactions occurring between CLL and normal cells in the context of CLL-involved tissues, a functional link is still missing. Using gene expression profiles comparing CD38+CD49d+ vs. CD38-CD49d- CLL cells, we demonstrated overexpression of the CCL3 and CCL4 chemokines in cells from the former group. These chemokines were also upregulated by CD38 signals in CLL; moreover, CCL3 was expressed by CLL cells from bone marrow biopsies (BMB) of CD38+CD49d+ but not CD38-CD49d- cases. High levels of CCR1 and, to a lesser extent, CCR5, the receptors for CCL3 and CCL4, were found in CLL-derived monocyte-macrophages. Consistently, CCL3 increased monocyte migration, and CD68+ macrophage infiltration was particularly high in BMB from CD38+CD49d+ CLL. Conditioned media from CCL3-stimulated macrophages induced endothelial cells to express VCAM-1, the CD49d ligand, likely through TNFα over-production. These effects were apparent in BMB from CD38+CD49d+CLL, where lymphoid infiltrates were characterized by a prominent meshwork of VCAM-1+ stromal/endothelial cells. Lastly, CD49d engagement by VCAM-1-transfectants increased viability of CD38+CD49d+ CLL cells. Altogether, CD38 and CD49d can be thought of as a part of a consecutive chain of events ultimately leading to improved survival of CLL cells.
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2016-01-05 | GSE76471 | GEO
Project description:CD38 expression is an important prognostic marker in CLL with high levels of CD38 associated with shorter overall survival. In this study, we used gene expression profiling and protein analysis of highly purified cell-sorted CD38+ and CD38- chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells to elucidate a molecular basis for the association between CD38 expression and inferior clinical outcome. Paired CD38+ and CD38- CLL cells derived from the same patient were shown to be monoclonal by VH gene sequencing but despite this, CD38+ CLL cells possessed a distinct gene expression profile when compared with their CD38- sub-clones. Keywords: Sub-clonal analysis of CLL cells derived from the same leukemia sample
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