Transcriptomic analysis of monocytes, M0, M1 and M2 macropahges from H syndrome patients and SAIDs.
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA655231 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Biallelic mutations in SLC29A3 cause histiocytosis-lymphadenopathy plus syndrome, also known as H syndrome (HS). HS is a complex disorder, with ~25% of patients developing autoinflammatory complications consisting of unexplained fevers, persistently elevated inflammatory markers and unusual lymphadenopathies, with infiltrating CD68+, S100+ and CD1a– histiocytes, resembling the immunophenotype found in Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD). We investigated the transcriptomic profiles of monocytes, non-activated (M0), classically-activated (M1) and alternatively-activated macrophages (M2) in two patients with HS, one without autoinflammatory (HS1) and one with autoinflammatory complications (HS2). RNA sequencing revealed a dysregulated transcriptomic profile in both HS patients compared to healthy controls (HC). HS2, when compared to HS1, had several differentially expressed genes, including genes associated with lymphocytic-histiocytic predominance (e.g. NINL) and immunodeficiencies (e.g. B2M). The transcriptomic and cytokine profiles of HS patients were comparable to patients with SAID with high levels of TNF. SERPINA1 gene expression was found to be upregulated in all patients. Moreover, higher levels of IFNg were found in the serum of both HS patients when compared to HC. Gene-ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of the DEGs in HS patients revealed the terms "type I IFN", "IFNg signalling pathway" and "immune responses" as the top 3 most significant terms for monocytes. Finally, the transcriptomic profiles of M0 and M1 macrophages, from patient HS2, were similar to the transcriptomic profile of tissue biopsies taken from patients with RDD-like lymphadenopathies. Monocytes and macrophages from both HS patients showed transcriptomic profiles similar to SAIDs and with a unique dysregulated IFNgsignalling. These findings may help to find better therapeutic options for this rare disorder.
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Project description:Macrophages are known to be polarized into inflammatory (M1) and immunoregulatory (M2) cells when they are stimulated by agonists such as IFN-gamma and IL-4, respectively. If circulating monocytes may be polarized in response to T cell signals is often misguidedly deduced from macrophage results. Here the transcriptional responses of human CD14+ monocytes to IFN-gamma and IL-4 were analyzed using whole genome microarrays. A principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering showed that monocyte and macrophage responses were distinct. Monocytes stimulated with IFN-gamma and IL-4 for 6 hours exhibited some features of macrophage polarization. Indeed, when 80 genes considered as M1 and M2 genes were analyzed, we found that M1 genes were modulated in response to IFN-gamma and that M2 genes were modulated in response to IL-4. The M1 polarization of monocytes was transient because only M2 genes were modulated when monocytes were stimulated with IFN-gamma and IL-4 for 18 hours. However, the activation of monocytes by IFN-gamma and IL-4 could not be reduced to M1/M2 polarization status. Indeed, monocytes exhibited early specific signatures composed of 46 and 39 up-regulated genes in response to IFN-gamma and IL-4, respectively, and a late signature common to both molecules that consisted of 57 up-regulated genes. Taken together, these results demonstrated the extreme plasticity of human monocytes and suggested the existence of a core transcriptional termination program. Using early and late signatures might be pertinent to investigate monocyte activation in inflammatory or infectious diseases. Monocytes were stimulated with IFN-gamma (20ng/mL) or IL-4 (20ng/mL) for 6 and 18 hours or culture for 6 and 18 hours without agonist (Unstimulated samples). Monocytes-derived-macrophages (MDM) stimulated with IFN-gamma and IL-4 for 18 hours were used as controls. Each microarray is derived from a single biological sample.
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