Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA656237 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Among the physiological consequences of extended space flight are loss of skeletal muscle and bone mass. One signaling pathway that plays an important role in maintaining muscle and bone homeostasis is that regulated by the secreted signaling proteins, myostatin and activin A. Here, we used both pharmacological and genetic approaches to investigate the effect of targeting myostatin/activin A signaling in mice that were sent to the International Space Station. We show that inhibition of myostatin/activin A signaling has a significant protective effect against microgravity-induced muscle and bone loss. These findings have implications for therapeutic strategies to combat the concomitant muscle and bone loss occurring in people afflicted with disuse atrophy on Earth as well as in astronauts in space, especially during prolonged missions.
2020-09-16 | GSE156321 | GEO
Project description:Skeletal muscle, the most abundant body’s tissue, plays vital roles in locomotion and metabolism. Myostatin is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle mass. In addition to increase muscle mass, Myostatin inhibition impacts on muscle contractility and energy metabolism. To decipher the mechanisms of action of the Myostatin inhibitors, we used proteomic and transcriptomic approaches to investigate the changes induced in skeletal muscles of transgenic mice overexpressing Follistatin, a physiological Myostatin inhibitor. Our proteomic workflow included a fractionation step to identify weakly expressed proteins and a comparison of fast versus slow muscles. Functional annotation of altered proteins supports the phenotypic changes induced by Myostatin inhibition, including modifications in energy metabolism, fiber type, insulin and calcium signaling, as well as membrane repair and regeneration. Less than 10% of the differentially expressed proteins were found to be also regulated at the mRNA level but the Biological Process annotation and the KEGG pathways analysis of transcriptomic results showed a great concordance with the proteomic data. Thus, this study describes the most extensive omics analysis of muscle overexpressing Follistatin, providing molecular-level insights to explain the observed muscle phenotypic changes
2017-08-17 | PXD005899 | Pride
Project description:Doxorubicin is a widely used and effective anthracycline chemotherapy drug. However, it causes cardiotoxicity and also a few negative effects on skeletal muscle as well. As a result, cancer treatment might actually worsen cancer-induced cachexia and consequently the prognosis of the disease. Inhibiting myostatin/activin signaling is known to increase muscle size. This pathway blockade by soluble activin receptor IIB (sAcvR2B-Fc) has also prolonged survival in cancer, even of animals in which tumor growth is not inhibited. It is not known, however, whether blocking this pathway affects chemotherapy-induced muscle wasting. We found that doxorubicin induces muscle atrophy which is prevented by a blocker for activin receptor 2B ligands (sAcvR2B-Fc)
2017-12-04 | GSE97642 | GEO
Project description:Doxorubicin is a widely used and effective anthracycline chemotherapy drug. However, it causes cardiotoxicity and also a few negative effects on skeletal muscle as well. As a result, cancer treatment might actually worsen cancer-induced cachexia and consequently the prognosis of the disease. Inhibiting myostatin/activin signaling is known to increase muscle size. This pathway blockade by soluble activin receptor IIB (sAcvR2B-Fc) has also prolonged survival in cancer, even of animals in which tumor growth is not inhibited. It is not known, however, whether blocking this pathway affects chemotherapy-induced muscle wasting. We found that doxorubicin induces muscle atrophy which is prevented by a blocker for activin receptor 2B ligands (sAcvR2B-Fc).
2016-09-25 | GSE77745 | GEO
Project description:In many members of the animal kingdom, and in particular mammals, skeletal muscle evolved to serve fundamental roles in their health and architectural integrity. While it is clear that dynamic fluctuations of specific gene expression is important for normal muscle function, it is also crucial in the response of skeletal muscle to insults, yet little is known on how such fluctuations are regulated at the post-transcriptional level to impact muscle proteome. Here we report the first genome-wide analysis of mRNA methyladenosine (m6A) dynamics underlying skeletal muscle hypertrophic growth following overload-induced stress. We show that METTL3, the enzyme responsible for m6A formation, orchestrate a previously unrecognized post-transcriptional mechanism controlling skeletal muscle size and function. We found that METTL3 and concomitantly m6A are increased during hypertrophy; manipulating this increase through exogenous delivery of METTL3 is sufficient to induce skeletal muscle growth even in the absence of external triggers. Myofiber-specific conditional genetic deletion of METTL3 abrogated the ability of muscle to undergo overload-induced hypertrophy and led to a spontaneous muscle wasting phenotype over time. In turn, isolation of muscle-specific ribosome-associated transcripts showed that METTL3 affects the translation of specific m6A-modified mRNAs participating in the activin/myostatin pathway, which includes key regulators of muscle size. METTL3 is essential to repress the translation of activin type 2A receptors (ACVR2A), consequently blunting downstream activation of anti-hypertrophic signaling. Notably, the observed hypertrophic growth defect of METTL3-deficient mice can be overcome with co-administration of a myostatin inhibitor. Our findings identify a novel post-transcriptional mechanism of regulating the activin receptor pathway and demonstrate that the N6-adenosine methyltransferase METTL3 is required for and promotes the hypertrophic response of skeletal muscle.
2021-12-10 | GSE179368 | GEO
Project description:Because myostatin normally limits skeletal muscle growth, there is an extensive effort to develop myostatin inhibitors for clinical use. One potential concern is that in patients with muscle degenerative diseases, inducing hypertrophy may increase stress on dystrophic fibers. Here, we show that blocking the myostatin pathway in dysferlin mutant mice results in early improvement in histopathology but ultimately accelerates muscle degeneration. Hence, benefits of this approach should be weighed against these potential detrimental effects.
2015-09-04 | GSE62945 | GEO
Project description:Inhibition of the myostatin signaling pathway is emerging as a promising therapeutic means to treat muscle wasting disorders. Activin type IIB receptor is the putative myostatin receptor, and a soluble activin receptor (ActRIIB-Fc) has been demonstrated to potently inhibit a subset of TGF-β family members including myostatin. In order to determine reliable and valid biomarkers for myostatin pathway inhibition, we assessed gene expression profiles for quadriceps muscles from mice treated with ActRIIB-Fc compared to mice genetically lacking myostatin and control mice.
2011-02-04 | GSE25306 | GEO
Project description:Huntington’s disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder of which skeletal muscle atrophy is a common feature, and multiple lines of evidence support a muscle-based pathophysiology in HD mouse models. Inhibition of myostatin signaling increases muscle mass, and therapeutic approaches based on this are in clinical development. We have used a soluble ActRIIB decoy receptor (ACVR2B/Fc) to test the effects of myostatin/activin A inhibition in the R6/2 mouse model of HD. Transcriptional profiling of muscle in treated and untreated wild-type and R6/2 mice was performed to analyze the effect of the ActRIIB decoy on genes and pathways involved in maintaining normal muscle physiology as well as those dysregulated due to the mutant HTT gene mutation.
2017-10-29 | GSE81367 | GEO
Project description:Myostatin (GDF8) is a member of the TGF-beta family of proteins which is predominantly expressed in skeletal muscle and acts as a negative regulator of muscle mass. Inhibition of myostatin leads to muscle hypertrophy and has been shown to mitigate insulin resistance in mouse models of type 2 diabetes, although the mechanisms underlying this effect are unclear. We found that myostatin inhibition by AAV-mediated overexpression of the myostatin propeptide improves skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity in mice made insulin-resistant by high fat diet feeding. To gain insight into potential gene expression changes responsible for this effect, we performed microarray analysis on skeletal muscle samples from high fat diet-fed mice with and without myostatin inhibition.
2020-05-29 | GSE130622 | GEO
Project description:Background: Musculoskeletal disorders contribute to a substantial proportion of disability among people worldwide. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are among the most frequent knee injuries, and a majority of patients will go on to develop knee osteoarthritis within 10 years. Traditional rehabilitation following injury has limited success restoring muscle strength and mitigating the onset of posttraumatic knee osteoarthritis. Growth differentiation factor 8 (GDF8), or myostatin, is a myokine that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of musculoskeletal degeneration following ACL injury. This study investigated GDF8 levels in injured human skeletal muscle and serum and compared the efficacy of a humanized monoclonal GDF8 antibody against a placebo in a mouse model of injury-induced osteoarthritis (surgically induced ACL tear). Muscle GDF8 peaks rapidly following ACL injury, and early induction of GDF8 in skeletal muscle was predictive of atrophy, weakness and periarticular bone loss in patients six months following surgical ACL reconstruction. GDF8 antibody administration at the time of injury substantially reduced muscle atrophy, weakness and fibrosis in the mouse ACL injury model. GDF8 antibody treatment rescued the skeletal muscle and articular cartilage transcriptomic response to ACL injury and attenuated the severity of injury-induced knee osteoarthritis. Subcutaneous treatment with GDF8 antibody also diminished loss of periarticular bone microarchitecture. Genetic deletion of GDF8 neutralized musculoskeletal deficits in response to ACL injury. Our findings support an opportunity for rapid targeting of GDF8 to enhance functional musculoskeletal injury recovery and mitigate the development posttraumatic knee osteoarthritis, which could substantially reduce the disability burden associated with this injury.
2023-12-06 | GSE230708 | GEO