Persistent mRNA localization defects and cell death in ALS neurons caused by transient cellular stress
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA661432 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Neurodegeneration-associated mutations affect the dynamics of transient cytoplasmic stress granule (SG). However, it is unclear if and how aberrant SG behavior is linked to the downstream formation of protein aggregates and other molecular defects that persist after stress subsides. Using subcellular fractionation combined with RNA-seq (CeFra-seq) we characterize the global mRNA localization landscape in human pluripotent stem cell-derived motor neuron (PS-MN). Using CeFra-seq and quantitative proteomics, we find that transient stress leads to a widespread reshaping of mRNA and protein localization that recapitulates key molecular phenotypes of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). While the substantial reorganization of the global mRNA localization landscape is largely reversible in wild type PS-MNs, we find that cells harboring ALS-linked mutations in HNRNPA2B1 are unable to recover and display a delayed-onset increase in neuronal cell death in response to stress. Our findings reaffirm the importance of stress-induced molecular mechanisms in the formation of molecular disease pathology of ALS and highlight the importance of targeting SG-relevant molecular mechanisms in the development of therapeutic strategies.
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Project description:FUS is a primarily nuclear RNA-binding protein with important roles in RNA processing and transport. FUS mutations disrupting its nuclear localization characterize a subset of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS-FUS) patients, through an unidentified pathological mechanism. FUS regulates nuclear RNA, but its role at the synapse is poorly understood. Here, we used super-resolution imaging to determine the physiological localization of extranuclear, neuronal FUS and found it predominantly near the vesicle reserve pool of presynaptic sites. Using CLIP-seq on synaptoneurosome preparations, we identified synaptic RNA targets of FUS that are associated with synapse organization and plasticity. Synaptic FUS was significantly increased in a knock-in mouse model of ALS-FUS, at presymptomatic stages. Despite apparently unaltered synaptic organization, RNA-seq of synaptoneurosomes highlighted age-dependent dysregulation of glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses. Our study indicates that FUS relocalization to the synapse in early stages of ALS-FUS results in synaptic impairment, potentially representing an initial trigger of neurodegeneration.
2021-03-05 | E-MTAB-9211 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:FUS is a primarily nuclear RNA-binding protein with important roles in RNA processing and transport. FUS mutations disrupting its nuclear localization characterize a subset of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS-FUS) patients, through an unidentified pathological mechanism. FUS regulates nuclear RNA, but its role at the synapse is poorly understood. Here, we used super-resolution imaging to determine the physiological localization of extranuclear, neuronal FUS and found it predominantly near the vesicle reserve pool of presynaptic sites. Using CLIP-seq on synaptoneurosome preparations, we identified synaptic RNA targets of FUS that are associated with synapse organization and plasticity. Synaptic FUS was significantly increased in a knock-in mouse model of ALS-FUS, at presymptomatic stages. Despite apparently unaltered synaptic organization, RNA-seq of synaptoneurosomes highlighted age-dependent dysregulation of glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses. Our study indicates that FUS relocalization to the synapse in early stages of ALS-FUS results in synaptic impairment, potentially representing an initial trigger of neurodegeneration.
2021-03-05 | E-MTAB-9212 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:FUS is a primarily nuclear RNA-binding protein with important roles in RNA processing and transport. FUS mutations disrupting its nuclear localization characterize a subset of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS-FUS) patients, through an unidentified pathological mechanism. FUS regulates nuclear RNA, but its role at the synapse is poorly understood. Here, we used super-resolution imaging to determine the physiological localization of extranuclear, neuronal FUS and found it predominantly near the vesicle reserve pool of presynaptic sites. Using CLIP-seq on synaptoneurosome preparations, we identified synaptic RNA targets of FUS that are associated with synapse organization and plasticity. Synaptic FUS was significantly increased in a knock-in mouse model of ALS-FUS, at presymptomatic stages. Despite apparently unaltered synaptic organization, RNA-seq of synaptoneurosomes highlighted age-dependent dysregulation of glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses. Our study indicates that FUS relocalization to the synapse in early stages of ALS-FUS results in synaptic impairment, potentially representing an initial trigger of neurodegeneration.
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Project description:Persistent activation of mRNA translation by transient Hsp90 inhibition
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Project description:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressive, fatal neurodegenerative disease characterised by the loss of upper and lower motor neurons. Approximately 10% of ALS cases have a known family history of the disease and mutations in multiple genes have been identified. ALS-linked mutations in CCNF were recently reported, however the pathogenic mechanisms associated with these mutations are yet to be established. To investigate possible mechanisms, an in vitro model of ALS was developed that expressed mutant CCNF in a neuronal cell line (Neuro-2a). Proteomic analysis of this in vitro model identified the disruption of several cellular pathways, including those associated with caspase-3 mediated cell death and axonal outgrowth. To establish whether these findings were replicated in vivo, a zebrafish model was developed. Transient overexpression of human mutant CCNF in zebrafish led to increased caspase-3 activity, increased cell death and a motor neuron axonopathy consisting of shortened primary motor axons and increased frequency of aberrant axonal branching. A significant correlation between the severity of this mutant CCNF-induced axonopathy and reduced motor function was also demonstrated in this model, with zebrafish expressing the mutant protein demonstrating an impaired motor response to a light stimulus. This is the first report of an ALS-linked CCNF mutation in vivo and indicates that zebrafish will be a useful tool to model the pathogenesis of CCNF-linked motor neuron degeneration.
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