Feeding differentially regulates clocks and rhythmicity of peripheral tissues through the liver-clock
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PROVIDER: PRJNA667743 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:The mammalian circadian system consists of a central clock in the brain that synchronizes clocks in peripheral tissues. While the hierarchy between the central and peripheral clocks is well established, peripheral clocks are largely viewed as a group and little is known regarding their specificity and functional organization. We employed feeding paradigms in conjunction with liver-specific clock-deficient murine model to map disparities and potential interactions between peripheral clocks. We found that peripheral clocks largely differ in their response to feeding-time. In view of its prominent role in nutrient processing, we hypothesized that the liver-clock instigate the response of peripheral clocks to feeding. Although the liver-clock did not affect the rhythmicity of clocks in other peripheral tissues, it strongly modulated their transcriptional rhythmicity upon daytime feeding. Overall, our findings suggest a role for the liver-clock in buffering feeding-related signals that affect rhythmicity of other peripheral tissues upon nutrient challenge, irrespective of their clocks.
2021-01-29 | GSE159135 | GEO
Project description:Organisms have adapted to the changing environmental conditions within the 24h cycle of the day by temporally segregating tissue physiology to the optimal time of the day. On the cellular level temporal segregation of physiological processes is established by the circadian clock, a Bmal1 dependent transcriptional oscillator network. The circadian clocks within individual cells of a tissue are synchronised by environmental signals, mainly light, in order to reach temporally segregated physiology on the tissue level. However, how light mediated synchronisation of peripheral tissue clocks is achieved mechanistically and whether circadian clocks in different organs are autonomous or interact with each other to achieve rhythmicity is unknown. Here we report that light can synchronise core circadian clocks in two peripheral tissues, the epidermis and liver hepatocytes, even in the complete absence of functional clocks in any other tissue within the whole organism. On the other hand, tissue extrinsic circadian clock rhythmicity is necessary to retain rhythmicity of the epidermal clock in the absence of light, proving for the first time that the circadian clockwork acts as a memory of time for the synchronisation of peripheral clocks in the absence of external entrainment signals. Furthermore, we find that tissue intrinsic Bmal1 is an important regulator of the epidermal differentiation process whose deregulation leads to a premature aging like phenotype of the epidermis. Thus, our results establish a new model for the segregation of peripheral tissue physiology whereby the synchronisation of peripheral clocks is acquired by the interaction of a light dependent but circadian clock independent pathway with circadian clockwork dependent cues.
2019-03-25 | GSE115104 | GEO
Project description:Most cells in the body contain a cell autonomous molecular clock, but the requirement of peripheral clocks for circadian rhythmicity, and their effects on physiology, are not well understood. Here we show that deletion of core clock components REV-ERBa and b in adult mouse hepatocytes caused the loss of circadian rhythmicity of many liver genes, as expected, but also led to maintained and even gained rhythmicity of other genes without altering feeding behavior. The loss of REV-ERBs from hepatocytes leads to an exaggerated circadian rhythm of de novo lipogenesis and serum triglyceride levels. It is increasingly recognized that liver function is also influenced by non-hepatocytic cells, and remarkably the loss of REV-ERBs in hepatocytes remodeled the circadian transcriptomes of multiple cell types within the liver without altering their core clocks, indicating that hepatocytes communicated time signals to the non-hepatocytic cells. Finally, alteration of food availability, which is the dominant zeitgeber in the liver, demonstrated strong interdependence of the cell-autonomous hepatocyte clock mechanism and non-cell-autonomous environmental change. Together these studies reveal the interdependence of endogenous hepatocyte clocks and feeding entrainment on the regulation of circadian rhythms of multiple cell types in the liver.
2020-07-30 | GSE143525 | GEO
Project description:Most cells in the body contain a cell autonomous molecular clock, but the requirement of peripheral clocks for circadian rhythmicity, and their effects on physiology, are not well understood. Here we show that deletion of core clock components REV-ERBa and b in adult mouse hepatocytes caused the loss of circadian rhythmicity of many liver genes, as expected, but also led to maintained and even gained rhythmicity of other genes without altering feeding behavior. The loss of REV-ERBs from hepatocytes leads to an exaggerated circadian rhythm of de novo lipogenesis and serum triglyceride levels. It is increasingly recognized that liver function is also influenced by non-hepatocytic cells, and remarkably the loss of REV-ERBs in hepatocytes remodeled the circadian transcriptomes of multiple cell types within the liver without altering their core clocks, indicating that hepatocytes communicated time signals to the non-hepatocytic cells. Finally, alteration of food availability, which is the dominant zeitgeber in the liver, demonstrated strong interdependence of the cell-autonomous hepatocyte clock mechanism and non-cell-autonomous environmental change. Together these studies reveal the interdependence of endogenous hepatocyte clocks and feeding entrainment on the regulation of circadian rhythms of multiple cell types in the liver.
2020-07-30 | GSE143524 | GEO
Project description:Most cells in the body contain a cell autonomous molecular clock, but the requirement of peripheral clocks for circadian rhythmicity, and their effects on physiology, are not well understood. Here we show that deletion of core clock components REV-ERBa and b in adult mouse hepatocytes caused the loss of circadian rhythmicity of many liver genes, as expected, but also led to maintained and even gained rhythmicity of other genes without altering feeding behavior. The loss of REV-ERBs from hepatocytes leads to an exaggerated circadian rhythm of de novo lipogenesis and serum triglyceride levels. It is increasingly recognized that liver function is also influenced by non-hepatocytic cells, and remarkably the loss of REV-ERBs in hepatocytes remodeled the circadian transcriptomes of multiple cell types within the liver without altering their core clocks, indicating that hepatocytes communicated time signals to the non-hepatocytic cells. Finally, alteration of food availability, which is the dominant zeitgeber in the liver, demonstrated strong interdependence of the cell-autonomous hepatocyte clock mechanism and non-cell-autonomous environmental change. Together these studies reveal the interdependence of endogenous hepatocyte clocks and feeding entrainment on the regulation of circadian rhythms of multiple cell types in the liver.
2020-07-30 | GSE143526 | GEO
Project description:Organisms have adapted to the changing environmental conditions within the 24h cycle of the day by temporally segregating tissue physiology to the optimal time of the day. On the cellular level temporal segregation of physiological processes is established by the circadian clock, a Bmal1 dependent transcriptional oscillator network. The circadian clocks within individual cells of a tissue are synchronised by environmental signals, mainly light, in order to reach temporally segregated physiology on the tissue level. However, how light mediated synchronisation of peripheral tissue clocks is achieved mechanistically and whether circadian clocks in different organs are autonomous or interact with each other to achieve rhythmicity is unknown. Here we report that light can synchronise core circadian clocks in two peripheral tissues, the epidermis and liver hepatocytes, even in the complete absence of functional clocks in any other tissue within the whole organism. On the other hand, tissue extrinsic circadian clock rhythmicity is necessary to retain rhythmicity of the epidermal clock in the absence of light, proving for the first time that the circadian clockwork acts as a memory of time for the synchronisation of peripheral clocks in the absence of external entrainment signals. Furthermore, we find that tissue intrinsic Bmal1 is an important regulator of the epidermal differentiation process whose deregulation leads to a premature aging like phenotype of the epidermis. Thus, our results establish a new model for the segregation of peripheral tissue physiology whereby the synchronisation of peripheral clocks is acquired by the interaction of a light dependent but circadian clock independent pathway with circadian clockwork dependent cues.
2019-03-25 | GSE114943 | GEO
Project description:Time-restricted feeding improves metabolic health independently of dietary macronutrient composition or energy restriction. To understand the mechanisms underpinning the effects of time-restricted feeding, we investigated the metabolic and transcriptomic profile of skeletal muscle and serum samples from 11 overweight/obese men. In muscle, 4-10% of transcripts and 14% of metabolites were periodic, with the amplitude of the metabolites lower after time-restricted feeding. Core clock genes were unaltered by either intervention, while time-restricted feeding induced rhythmicity of genes related to lipid and amino acid transport. In serum, 49-65% of the metabolites had diurnal rhythms across both conditions, with the majority being lipids. Time-restricted feeding shifted the skeletal muscle metabolite profile from predominantly lipids to amino acids. Our results show time-restricted feeding differentially affects the amplitudes and rhythmicity of serum and skeletal muscle metabolites, and regulates the rhythmicity of genes controlling lipid and amino acid transport, without perturbing the core clock.
2020-07-10 | GSE129843 | GEO
Project description:The mammalian circadian clock system is made up of individual cell and tissue clocks that function as a coherent network, however it remains unclear which rhythmic functions of the liver clock are autonomous or rely on clocks in other tissues. Here, using mice which only have a functioning liver clock, we investigate the autonomous vs non-autonomous reatures of the liver clock and diurnal rhythmicity in the liver
2019-06-11 | GSE117134 | GEO
Project description:The circadian clock and rhythmic food intake are both important regulators of rhythmic gene expression in the liver. It remains, however, elusive to which extent the circadian clock network and natural feeding rhythms contribute to rhythmic gene expression. To systematically address this question, we developed an algorithm to investigate differential rhythmicity between a varying number of conditions. Mouse knockout models of different parts of the circadian clock network (Bmal1, Cry1/2, and Hlf/Dbp/Tef) exposed to controlled feeding regimens (ad libitum, night restricted feeding) were generated and analyzed for their temporal hepatic transcriptome. A genetical ablation of core loop elements altered feeding patterns that were restored by night restricted feeding. Mainly genes with a high amplitude were driven by the circadian clock but natural feeding patterns equally contributed to rhythmic gene expression with lower amplitude. We observed that Bmal1 and Cry1/2 KOs differed in rhythmic gene expression and identified differences in mean expression levels as a predictor for rhythmic gene expression. In Hlf/Dbp/Tef KO, mRNA levels of Hlf/Dbp/Tef target genes were decreased, albeit rhythmicity was overall preserved potentially due to the activity of the D-Box binding repressor NFIL3. Genes that lost rhythmicity in Hlf/Dbp/Tef KOs were identified to be no direct targets of PARbZip factors and presumably lost rhythmicity due to indirect effects. Collectively, our findings provide unprecedent insights into the diurnal transcriptome in mouse liver and defines the contribution of subloops of the circadian clock network and natural feeding cycles. The developed algorithm and a webapp to browse the outcomes of the study are publicly available to serve as a resource for the scientific community.
2020-12-03 | GSE135898 | GEO
Project description:The mammalian circadian clock, expressed throughout the brain and body, controls daily metabolic homeostasis. Clock function in peripheral tissues is required, but not sufficient, for this task. Due to lack of specialized animal models, it is unclear how tissue clocks interact with extrinsic signals to drive molecular oscillations. Here, we present a model in which the interaction between feeding and the liver clock can be isolated in vivo by reconstituting Bmal1 exclusively in hepatocytes (Liver-RE) in otherwise clock-less mice. We found that the cooperative action of BMAL1 and the transcription factor CEBPB regulates daily liver metabolic transcriptional programs. Functionally, the liver clock and feeding rhythm are sufficient to drive temporal glucose homeostasis. By contrast, liver rhythms tied to redox and lipid metabolism required communication with the skeletal muscle clock, demonstrating peripheral clock cross-talk. Our results highlight how the inner workings of the clock system rely on communicating signals to maintain daily metabolism.
2021-06-01 | GSE171183 | GEO