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Formaldehyde-responsive proteins, TtmR and EfgA, reveal a tradeoff between formaldehyde resistance and efficient transition to methylotrophy in Methylorubrum extorquens

ABSTRACT: Formaldehyde-responsive proteins, TtmR and EfgA, reveal a tradeoff between formaldehyde resistance and efficient transition to methylotrophy in Methylorubrum extorquens

PROVIDER: PRJNA670234 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Formaldehyde-responsive proteins, TtmR and EfgA, reveal a tradeoff between formaldehyde resistance and efficient transition to methylotrophy in Methylorubrum extorquens

Project description:In order for bacteria to thrive, they must be well-adapted to their environmental niche, which may involve specialized metabolism, timely adaptation to shifting environments, and/or the ability to mitigate numerous stressors. These attributes are highly dependent on cellular machinery that can sense both the external and intracellular environment. Methylorubrum extorquens is an extensively studied facultative methylotroph, an organism that can use single-carbon compounds as their sole source of carbon and energy. In methylotrophic metabolism, carbon flows through formaldehyde as a central metabolite; thus, formaldehyde is both an obligate metabolite and a metabolic stressor. Via the one-carbon dissimilation pathway, free formaldehyde is rapidly incorporated by formaldehyde activating enzyme (Fae), which is constitutively expressed at high levels. In the presence of elevated formaldehyde levels, a recently identified formaldehyde-sensing protein, EfgA, induces growth arrest. Herein, we describe TtmR, a formaldehyde-responsive transcription factor that, like EfgA, modulates formaldehyde resistance. It is a member of the MarR family of transcription factors and impacts the expression of 75 genes distributed throughout the genome, many of which are themselves transcription factors and/or involved in stress response, including efgA. Notably, when M. extorquens is adapting its metabolic network during the transition to methylotrophy, efgA and ttmR mutants experience an imbalance in formaldehyde production and a notable growth delay. Although methylotrophy necessitates that M. extorquens maintain a relatively high level of formaldehyde tolerance, this work reveals a tradeoff between formaldehyde resistance and the efficient transition to methylotrophic growth and suggests that TtmR and EfgA play a pivotal role in maintaining this balance.

2021-03-11 | GSE159711 | GEO

Global transcriptional response of Methylorubrum extorquens to formaldehyde stress includes both overlapping and unique gene sets in comparison to antibiotic translational inhibition and expands the role of EfgA

Project description:The potency and indiscriminate nature of formaldehyde reactivity upon biological molecules make it a universal stressor. However, some organisms such as Methylorubrum extorquens possess means to rapidly and effectively mitigate formaldehyde-induced damage. EfgA is a recently identified formaldehyde sensor predicted to halt translation in response to elevated formaldehyde as a means to protect cells. Herein, we investigate growth, formaldehyde consumption, and changes in gene expression to better understand how M. extorquens responds to formaldehyde with and without the EfgA-formaldehyde-mediated translational response, and how this mechanism compares to other forms of translation inhibition. These distinct mechanisms of translation inhibition have notable differences: they each involve different specific players and in addition, formaldehyde also acts as a general, multi-target stressor and a potential carbon source. Here, we present findings demonstrating that in addition to its characterized impact on translation, functional EfgA also allows for a rapid and robust transcriptional response to formaldehyde and that removal of efgA leads to heightened proteotoxic and genotoxic stress in the presence of increased formaldehyde levels. As our previous work suggested that formaldehyde is proteotoxic in M. extorquens, we accurately predicted that strains lacking efgA would experience increased protein damage. We also found that many downstream consequences of translation inhibition were shared by EfgA-formaldehyde- and kanamycin-mediated translation inhibition. Our work to modularize the transcriptional response uncovered additional layers of regulatory control enacted by functional EfgA upon experiencing formaldehyde stress, and further demonstrate the importance this protein plays at both transcriptional and translational levels in this model methylotroph.

2020-12-31 | GSE163955 | GEO

Formaldehyde-responsive proteins, TtmR and EfgA, reveal a tradeoff between formaldehyde resistance and efficient transition to methylotrophy in <i>Methylorubrum extorquens</i>.

Project description: Not available

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The endosymbiont Methylorubrum extorquens DSM13060 reprograms development and stress responses of Scots pine seedlings

Project description:The meristem-associated endosymbiont M. extorquens DSM13060 significantly increases needle and root growth of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings without producing plant hormones, but by aggregating around host nuclei. Here we studied gene expression of the pine host induced by M. extorquens DSM13060 infection. We selected the time point of 90 days post-inoculation for our analysis based, because at this point, Methylorubrum extorquens DSM13060 has systemically colonized the pine seedlings, being found throughout tissues of roots and shoots.

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Transcriptomic elucidation of itaconic acid production by Methylorubrum extorquens AM1 and its phaR mutant derivative

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Formaldehyde stress response in Methylobacterium extorquens AM1

Project description:The goal of this study was to use microarrays to identify genes differentially regulated under conditions of formaldehyde stress relative to two other stress conditions (oxidative, osmotic) in an effort to identify genes that might be involved in a formaldehyde-specific stress response, rather than a general stress response, in the model methylotroph Methylobacterium extorquens AM1.

2015-01-01 | GSE15631 | GEO

Methylorubrum extorquens PA1 and Methylorubrum populi BJ001 data

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2024-05-21 | MSV000094817 | MassIVE

Hyperaccumulation of gadolinium by Methylorubrum extorquens AM1 reveals impacts of lanthanides on cellular processes beyond methylotrophy

Project description:We report a genetic variant of Methylorubrum extorquens AM1 that hyperaccumulates the heavy lanthanide gadolinium. Using RNA-seq transcriptomics we identified wide-spread metabolic and physiological changes in this strain and experimentally validate several of them, including increased gadolinium transport and storage in an intracellular compartment we name the lanthasome.

2022-01-17 | GSE193171 | GEO

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