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Single-cell chromatin accessibility identifies pancreatic islet cell type- and state-specific regulatory programs of diabetes risk

ABSTRACT: Single-cell chromatin accessibility identifies pancreatic islet cell type- and state-specific regulatory programs of diabetes risk

PROVIDER: PRJNA673280 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Single-cell chromatin accessibility identifies pancreatic islet cell type- and state-specific regulatory programs of diabetes risk

Project description:Single-nucleus assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (snATAC-seq) creates new opportunities to dissect cell type-specific mechanisms of complex diseases. Since pancreatic islets are central to type 2 diabetes (T2D), we profiled 15,298 islet cells by using combinatorial barcoding snATAC-seq and identified 12 clusters, including multiple alpha, beta and delta cell states. We cataloged 228,873 accessible chromatin sites and identified transcription factors underlying lineage- and state-specific regulation. We observed state-specific enrichment of fasting glucose and T2D genome-wide association studies for beta cells and enrichment for other endocrine cell types. At T2D signals localized to islet-accessible chromatin, we prioritized variants with predicted regulatory function and co-accessibility with target genes. A causal T2D variant rs231361 at the KCNQ1 locus had predicted effects on a beta cell enhancer co-accessible with INS and genome editing in embryonic stem cell-derived beta cells affected INS levels. Together our findings demonstrate the power of single-cell epigenomics for interpreting complex disease genetics.

2021-01-14 | GSE160474 | GEO

Single cell chromatin accessibility identifies pancreatic islet cell type- and state-specific regulatory programs of diabetes risk [Hi-C]

2021-01-14 | GSE163610 | GEO

Single-cell chromatin accessibility identifies pancreatic islet cell type- and state-specific regulatory programs of diabetes risk [RNA-seq]

2021-01-14 | GSE160473 | GEO

Single-cell chromatin accessibility identifies pancreatic islet cell type– and state-specific regulatory programs of diabetes risk [snATAC-seq]

Project description:Single-nucleus assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (snATAC-seq) creates new opportunities to dissect cell type–specific mechanisms of complex diseases. Since pancreatic islets are central to type 2 diabetes (T2D), we profiled 15,298 islet cells by using combinatorial barcoding snATAC-seq and identified 12 clusters, including multiple alpha, beta and delta cell states. We cataloged 228,873 accessible chromatin sites and identified transcription factors underlying lineage- and state-specific regulation. We observed state-specific enrichment of fasting glucose and T2D genome-wide association studies for beta cells and enrichment for other endocrine cell types. At T2D signals localized to islet-accessible chromatin, we prioritized variants with predicted regulatory function and co-accessibility with target genes. A causal T2D variant rs231361 at the KCNQ1 locus had predicted effects on a beta cell enhancer co-accessible with INS and genome editing in embryonic stem cell–derived beta cells affected INS levels. Together our findings demonstrate the power of single-cell epigenomics for interpreting complex disease genetics.

2021-01-14 | GSE160472 | GEO

Single cell chromatin accessibility identifies pancreatic islet cell type- and state-specific regulatory programs of diabetes risk [Hi-C]

Project description:Single cell chromatin accessibility identifies pancreatic islet cell type- and state-specific regulatory programs of diabetes risk [Hi-C]

| PRJNA686946 | ENA

Single-cell chromatin accessibility identifies pancreatic islet cell type- and state-specific regulatory programs of diabetes risk [RNA-seq]

Project description:Single-cell chromatin accessibility identifies pancreatic islet cell type- and state-specific regulatory programs of diabetes risk [RNA-seq]

| PRJNA673283 | ENA

Single-cell chromatin accessibility identifies pancreatic islet cell type– and state-specific regulatory programs of diabetes risk [snATAC-seq]

Project description:Single-cell chromatin accessibility identifies pancreatic islet cell type– and state-specific regulatory programs of diabetes risk [snATAC-seq]

| PRJNA673284 | ENA

transcriptional profile of islet EVs for diabetes genes

Project description:Identification of transcriptional profile of several genes involved in diabetes in islet-derived extracellular vesicles (Evs). Recently, EVs are identified as a new mechanism in cell-to-cell communication by transfer of protein and genic information (mRNA, microRNA). Their role is under investigation in immunology, stem cell and cancer, but not in islets and diabetes. The aim of this experiment is to identify mRNA transcripts (in particular, mRNA transcripts involved in diabetes pathophysiology) present in islet Evs.

2012-08-02 | E-MEXP-3695 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Pancreatic islet epigenomics reveals enhancer clusters that are enriched in Type 2 diabetes risk variants

Project description:We combined ChIP-seq of chromatin marks and key islet transcription factor with RNA-seq in human islets to map cis-regulatory networks in this primary tissue. The output of this project provides a reference map to dissect genetic variants that alter the susceptibility for Type 2 diabetes, and assist efforts to generate new beta-cells by transcriptional programming strategies

2014-01-01 | E-MTAB-1919 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Islet Sympathetic Innervation and Islet Neuropathology in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes

Project description:Dysregulation of glucagon secretion in type 1 diabetes (T1D) involves hypersecretion during postprandial states, but insufficient secretion during hypoglycemia. The sympathetic nervous system regulates glucagon secretion. To investigate islet sympathetic innervation in T1D, sympathetic tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) axons were analyzed in control non-diabetic organ donors, non-diabetic islet autoantibody-positive individuals (AAb), and age-matched persons with T1D. Islet TH axon numbers and density were significantly decreased in AAb compared to T1D with no significant differences observed in exocrine TH axon volume or lengths between groups. TH axons were in close approximation to islet α-cells in T1D individuals with long-standing diabetes. Islet RNA-sequencing and qRT-PCR analyses identified significant alterations in noradrenalin degradation, α-adrenergic signaling, cardiac b-adrenergic signaling, catecholamine biosynthesis, and additional neuropathology pathways. The close approximation of TH axons at islet α-cells supports a model for sympathetic efferent neurons directly regulating glucagon secretion. Sympathetic islet innervation and intrinsic adrenergic signaling pathways could be novel targets for improving glucagon secretion in T1D.

2021-08-09 | GSE181674 | GEO

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