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Severe congenital neutropenia with syndromic features in a patient with homozygous hypomorphic DBF4 mutation

ABSTRACT: Severe congenital neutropenia with syndromic features in a patient with homozygous hypomorphic DBF4 mutation

PROVIDER: PRJNA673425 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Severe congenital neutropenia with syndromic features in a patient with homozygous hypomorphic DBF4 mutation

Project description:Accurate and efficient DNA synthesis is an essential function of replicating cells. Mutations in replisome components lead to a number of syndromic diseases including immunodeficiencies. Dumbbell former 4 (DBF4) is the regulatory subunit of the DBF4-dependent kinase (DDK) which is essential for the activation of replication origins. We here studied a patient with severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) and syndromic features without a genetic diagnosis. We identified a private homozygous mutation in DBF4 (CADD 25.8 with a DBF4-specific MSC of 3.13) in a patient with SCN. The DBF4 mutant is normally expressed in stimulated PBMCs and dermal fibroblasts, but has a decreased CDC7-binding capacity in overexpression assays. DDK-specific phosphorylation of MCM2 was decreased in stimulated PBMCs with accumulation of CDK inhibitor p21, a G0 cell cycle arrest and impaired proliferation. Serum-starved fibroblasts showed a similar cell cycle phenotype but no p21 accumulation and normal MCM2 phosphorylation. In vitro differentiation of primary CD34+ cells recapitulated the SCN phenotype observed in vivo and was associated with a 4-fold increase in p21 gene expression. Single cell RNA sequencing of whole bone marrow revealed upregulation of p53 targets and activation of the PERK pathway of the unfolded protein response. Autosomal recessive functional DBF4 deficiency causes SCN with syndromic features.

2022-06-10 | GSE160517 | GEO

Syndromic immune disorder caused by a viable hypomorphic allele of spliceosome component Snrnp40

Project description:We report a new immunodeficiency disorder in mice caused by a viable hypomorphic mutation of Snrnp40, an essential gene encoding a subunit of the U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) complex of the spliceosome. Snrnp40 is ubiquitous but strongly expressed in lymphoid tissue. Homozygous mutant mice showed hypersusceptibility to infection by murine cytomegalovirus and multiple defects of lymphoid development, stability and function. Cell-intrinsic defects of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation also affected homozygous mutants. SNRNP40 deficiency in primary hematopoietic stem cells or T cells or the EL4 cell line increased the frequency of splicing errors, mostly intron retention, in several hundred messenger RNAs. Altered expression of proteins associated with immune cell function was also observed in Snrnp40-mutant cells. The immunological consequences of SNRNP40 deficiency presumably result from cumulative, moderate effects on processing of many different mRNA molecules and secondary reductions in the expression of critical immune proteins, yielding a syndromic immune disorder.

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Syndromic immune disorder caused by a viable hypomorphic allele of spliceosome component Snrnp40

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2022-08-09 | PXD035913 | iProX

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Defective SEC61α1 underlies a novel cause of autosomal dominant severe congenital neutropenia

Project description:The molecular cause of severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) is unknown in 30-50% of patients. SEC61A1 encodes the α subunit of the heterotrimeric SEC61 complex, which governs endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal peptide-dependent protein transport and passive calcium leakage. Recently, autosomal dominant mutations in SEC61A1 were reported to be pathogenic in common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) and glomerulocystic kidney disease. However the full spectrum of clinical manifestations in SEC61A1 mutations is yet to be explored. We investigated a SCN patient, the only child of healthy non-consanguineous Belgian parents. We identified a de novo private missense mutation in SEC61A1 (c.A275G;p.Q92R; CADD 24.5; msc 6.099) in the patient. The mutation results in diminished expression of the protein in PBMC and fibroblasts, and an increase in calcium leakage from the ER. In vitro differentiation of CD34+ cells recapitulated the patient’s clinical arrest in granulopoiesis. The impact of Q92R-SEC61α1 on neutrophil maturation was validated using HL-60 cells, where transduction reduced differentiation into CD11b+CD16+ cells. A potential mechanism for this defect is the uncontrolled initiation of the unfolded protein stress response (UPR), with single-cell analysis of primary bone-marrow revealing perturbed UPR in myeloid precursors, and in vitro differentiation of primary CD34+ cells into neutrophils revealing upregulation of the pro-apoptotic CHOP and BiP UPR-response genes. Together, these results support specific autosomal dominant mutations in SEC61A1 causing SCN through dysregulation of the UPR.

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Exome Sequencing Links the SUMO Protease SENP7 with Fatal Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita, Early Respiratory Failure, and Neutropenia

Project description:SUMOylation involves the attachment of Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier (SUMO) proteins to specific lysine residues on thousands of substrates with various effects on protein function. Sentrin-specific proteases (SENPs) are proteins involved in the maturation and de-conjugation of SUMO. Specifically, SENP7 is responsible for processing polySUMO chains on targeted substrates including the heterochromatin protein HP1α. Here, we describe a large family with four affected subjects presenting with a spectrum of findings including congenital arthrogryposis, profound developmental delay, and neutropenia with recurrent infections. Exome sequencing identified a homozygous stop gain variant in SENP7 c.1474C>T; p.(Gln492*) as the probable etiology. Protein expression studies in patient fibroblasts showed significant protein dysregulation in total cell lysates and in the chromatin fraction.

2023-07-26 | PXD040206 | Pride

Two monogenic disorders masquerading as one: Severe congenital neutropenia with monocytosis and non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss

Project description:We report a large family with four successive generations, presenting with a complex phenotype of severe congenital neutropenia (SCN), partially penetrant monocytosis, and hearing loss of varying severity. We performed whole exome sequencing to identify the causative variants. We identified and classified a pathogenic GFI1 variant and a likely pathogenic variant in MYO6 which together explain the complex phenotypes seen in this family.

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