Loss of a-actinin-3 during human evolution provides superior cold resilience and muscle heat generation
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA692479 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:The fast skeletal muscle protein α-actinin-3 is absent in 1.5 billion people worldwide due to homozygosity for a nonsense polymorphism in the ACTN3 gene (R577X). The prevalence of the 577X allele increased as modern humans moved to colder climates, suggesting a link between α-actinin-3 deficiency and improved cold tolerance. Here, we show that humans lacking α-actinin-3 (XX) are superior in maintaining core body temperature during cold-water immersion due to changes in skeletal muscle thermogenesis. Muscles of XX individuals displayed a shift towards more slow-twitch isoforms of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) proteins, accompanied by altered neuronal muscle activation resulting in increased tone rather than overt shivering. Experiments on Actn3 knockout mice showed no alterations in brown adipose tissue (BAT) properties that could explain the improved cold tolerance in XX individuals. Thus, this study provides a clear mechanism for the positive selection of the ACTN3 X-allele in cold climates and supports a key thermogenic role of skeletal muscle during cold exposure in humans.
2021-03-16 | PXD022997 | Pride
Project description:To examine if the loss of alpha-actinin-3, a fast skeletal muscle protein, modifies core body temperture following acute cold exposure in humans and a mice Using an Actn3 KO mice model we explore the effects of cold exposure on brown adipose tissue function following exposure to cold (4oC) for 5 hours, compared to control mice housed at either thermoneutrality (30oC) or standard room temperature (22oC)
2021-01-16 | GSE164936 | GEO
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC8008486 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC6995612 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Potato seedlings were subjected to cold, heat and salt stress. Expression profiles were captured at three different time-points, 3h, 9h and 27h from two different tissues, roots and leaves. The experiment was preformed independently three times. Commercially available true potato seeds (Variety Gilroy) were germinated on rafts floating on hydroponic medium in Magenta boxes. Plants were grown for 5 weeks prior to stress application under long day conditions (16h light and 8h dark) at 25C with gentle agitation. To initiate stress the medium was replaced with fresh medium pre-chilled to 4C (cold stress), pre-heated to 35C (heat stress) or supplemented with 100mM NaCl (salt stress). Cold and heat stress were maintained for the duration of the experiment by placing the Magenta boxes on ice or in a water-bath at 35C. For every individual sample two boxes of plants were used pooling a total of 6 plants per sample. For each time-point a single control sample was used by changing the media in a similar way as for the stress induction. A total of six boxes were combined for the pooled reference samples. Plants were harvested at the appropriate time and snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen. Roots and aerial tissue was separated prior to freezing. The tissue was stored at -80C freezer until isolation. Total RNA was isolated using RNeasy isolation kit. The intactness of the RNA was verified on gel and the concentration was adjusted to 3ug/ul by ethanol precipitation and re-suspension. Series_weblink: http://www.tigr.org/tdb/potato Keywords = potato, Abiotic stress Keywords: ordered
2005-03-19 | GSE2416 | GEO
Project description:Potato seedlings were subjected to cold, heat and salt stress. Expression profiles were captured at three different time-points, 3h, 9h and 27h from two different tissues, roots and leaves. The experiment was preformed independently three times. Commercially available true potato seeds (Variety Gilroy) were germinated on rafts floating on hydroponic medium in Magenta boxes. Plants were grown for 5 weeks prior to stress application under long day conditions (16h light and 8h dark) at 25C with gentle agitation. To initiate stress the medium was replaced with fresh medium pre-chilled to 4C (cold stress), pre-heated to 35C (heat stress) or supplemented with 100mM NaCl (salt stress). Cold and heat stress were maintained for the duration of the experiment by placing the Magenta boxes on ice or in a water-bath at 35C. For every individual sample two boxes of plants were used pooling a total of 6 plants per sample. For each time-point a single control sample was used by changing the media in a similar way as for the stress induction. A total of six boxes were combined for the pooled reference samples. Plants were harvested at the appropriate time and snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen. Roots and aerial tissue was separated prior to freezing. The tissue was stored at -80C freezer until isolation. Total RNA was isolated using RNeasy isolation kit. The intactness of the RNA was verified on gel and the concentration was adjusted to 3ug/ul by ethanol precipitation and re-suspension. Series_weblink: http://www.tigr.org/tdb/potato Keywords = potato, Abiotic stress
2010-06-10 | E-GEOD-2416 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Potato seedlings were subjected to cold, heat and salt stress. Expression profiles were captured at three different time-points, 3h, 9h and 27h from two different tissues, roots and leaves. The experiment was preformed independently three times. Commercially available true potato seeds (Variety Gilroy) were germinated on rafts floating on hydroponic medium in Magenta boxes. Plants were grown for 5 weeks prior to stress application under long day conditions (16h light and 8h dark) at 25C with gentle agitation. To initiate stress the medium was replaced with fresh medium pre-chilled to 4C (cold stress), pre-heated to 35C (heat stress) or supplemented with 100mM NaCl (salt stress). Cold and heat stress were maintained for the duration of the experiment by placing the Magenta boxes on ice or in a water-bath at 35C. For every individual sample two boxes of plants were used pooling a total of 6 plants per sample. For each time-point a single control sample was used by changing the media in a similar way as for the stress induction. A total of six boxes were combined for the pooled reference samples. Plants were harvested at the appropriate time and snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen. Roots and aerial tissue was separated prior to freezing. The tissue was stored at -80C freezer until isolation. Total RNA was isolated using RNeasy isolation kit. The intactness of the RNA was verified on gel and the concentration was adjusted to 3ug/ul by ethanol precipitation and re-suspension. Keywords: Direct comparison
2007-09-01 | GSE8205 | GEO
Project description:The effects of temperature stress on transcriptome of purple non sulfur bacterium R. capsulatus were investigated by comparing expression profiles under optimum hydrogen production condition (30°C), heat (42°C) and cold (4°C) stress conditions.
2013-12-19 | GSE53477 | GEO
Project description:Cold stress is one of the major abiotic stress factors affecting rice growth and development, leading to great yield loss in the context of global climate change. Exploring superior natural variants that confer cold resistance and the underlying molecular mechanism is the major strategy to breed cold tolerant rice varieties. Here, we identified natural variations of a SIMILAR to RCD ONE (SRO) gene OsSRO1c that confers cold tolerance in rice at both seedling and booting stages. OsSRO1c interacts with transcription factor OsDREB2B and promotes its transcriptional activity by concentrating OsDREB2B into biomolecular condensates in the nucleus. The OsSRO1c-OsDREB2B complex directly sense cold stress through dynamic phase transitions in vivo and in vitro and regulate key cold response gene COLD1. Introgression of an elite haplotype of OsSRO1c into a cold susceptible indica rice can significantly increase its cold resistance ability. Thus, our work revealed a novel cold stress sensing module and provided a promising gene resource for breeding cold tolerant rice varieties.
2023-11-19 | GSE247749 | GEO
Project description:Arctic Mesorhizobium strain N33 was isolated from nodules of the Oxytropis arctobia in Canada’s eastern Arctic. This symbiotic bacterium can grow from 0 to 30°C, is one of the best known cold-adapted rhizobia, and can fix nitrogen at ~10°C. Here, the key molecular mechanisms of cold adaptation were investigated by determining changes in transcript profiles when cells were treated under eight different temperature conditions, including both sustained and transient cold treatments compared with cells grown at room temperature.
2015-05-08 | GSE60710 | GEO