The human respiratory airways contain a distinct multipotent secretory cell lineage that can regenerate lung alveoli
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA706420 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:The human lung differs substantially from its murine counterpart, resulting in a distinct distal airway architecture affected by disease pathology in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In humans, the distal branches of the airway interweave with the alveolar gas exchange niche, forming an anatomical structure known as the respiratory airways. Due to the lack of a murine counterpart, the cellular and molecular characterization of the respiratory airways in the human lung remains an enigma. We show that human respiratory airways contain a unique secretory cell population that is distinct from cells in larger proximal airways. Stem cell modeling reveal that these respiratory airway secretory cells (RASCs) act as unidirectional progenitors for alveolar type 2 cells, which are essential for maintaining and regenerating the alveolar niche. RASC lineage differentiation into AT2 cells is regulated, in part, by Notch signaling. In COPD, RASCs are altered transcriptionally, corresponding to abnormal AT2 cell states. These data identify a distinct progenitor in a region of the human lung not found in mouse that plays a critical role in maintaining the gas exchange compartment and is altered in chronic lung disease.
2021-12-09 | GSE168191 | GEO
Project description:Background: Loss of secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) is common in COPD small airways and likely contributes to disease progression. We hypothesized loss of SIgA results from reduced expression of pIgR, a chaperone protein needed for SIgA transcytosis, in the COPD small airway epithelium. Methods: pIgR-expressing cells were defined and quantified at single-cell resolution in human airways using RNA in-situ hybridization, immunostaining, and single-cell RNA sequencing. Complementary studies in mice utilized immunostaining, primary murine tracheal epithelial cell (MTEC) culture, and transgenic mice with secretory or ciliated cell-specific knockout of pIgR. SIgA degradation by human neutrophil elastase or secreted bacterial proteases from non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) was evaluated in vitro. Results: We found that secretory cells are the predominant cell type responsible for pIgR expression in human and murine airways. Loss of SIgA in small airways was not associated with a reduction in secretory cells but rather a reduction in pIgR protein expression despite intact PIGR mRNA expression. Neutrophil elastase and NTHi-secreted proteases are both capable of degrading SIgA in vitro and may also contribute to a deficient SIgA immunobarrier in COPD. Interpretation: Loss of the SIgA immunobarrier in small airways of patients severe COPD is complex and likely results from both pIgR-dependent defects in IgA transcytosis and SIgA degradation.
2022-02-11 | GSE196341 | GEO
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC6576083 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Secretory cells are the primary source of pIgR in small airways
| PRJNA804479 | ENA
Project description:The microbial metagenome in airways of healthy humans
| PRJEB52822 | ENA
Project description:Rationale: DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that is highly disrupted in response to cigarette smoke and involved in a wide spectrum of malignant and non-malignant diseases, but surprisingly not previously assessed in small airways of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Small airways are the primary sites of airflow obstruction in COPD. We sought to determine whether DNA methylation patterns are disrupted in small airway epithelia of COPD patients, and evaluate whether changes in gene expression are associated with these disruptions. Methods: Genome-wide methylation and gene expression analysis were performed on small airway epithelial DNA and RNA obtained from the same patient during bronchoscopy, using Illumina's Infinium HM27 and Affymetrix's Genechip Human Gene 1.0 ST arrays. To control for known effects of cigarette smoking on DNA methylation, methylation and gene expression profiles were compared between former smokers (FS) with and without COPD matched for age, pack years and years of smoking cessation. Results: Our results indicate that aberrant DNA methylation is i) a genome-wide phenomenon in small airways of patients with COPD and ii) associated with altered expression of genes and pathways important to COPD, such as the Nrf2 oxidative response pathway. Conclusions: DNA methylation is likely an important mechanism contributing to modulation of genes important to COPD pathology. Since these methylation events may underlie disease-specific gene-expression changes, their characterization is a critical first step towards the development of epigenetic markers and an opportunity for developing novel epigenetic therapeutic interventions for COPD. Bisulphite converted DNA from small airway (airways less than <2 mm in diameter) from 38 former smokers: 15 subjects with COPD (post bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio <70% and FEV1 predicted M-bM-^IM-$ 80%) and 21 with normal lung function, were hybridized to the Illumina Infinium 27k Human Methylation Beadchip.
2014-02-28 | E-GEOD-55454 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC2964094 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Placental Cdx2 cells can be isolated and utilized for cardiac regeneration in a mouse model of myocardial infarction with evidence of multipotentiality both in vitro and in vivo
2019-05-09 | PXD011783 | Pride
Project description:To examine how the transcriptome of circulating memory CD8 T cells isolated from the spleen are reprogrammed in the lung airways, influenza nucleoprotein-specific CD8 T cells from the spleen were FACS sorted and RNA isolated for RNA-seq or the cells were transferred to the lung airways and allowed to rest for 2 days. Following 2 days, donor influenza nucleoprotein-specific CD8 T cells were FACS sorted and RNA isolated for RNA-seq..
2020-01-09 | GSE118110 | GEO
Project description:Management of severe asthma remains a challenge despite treatment with glucocorticosteroid therapy. The majority of studies investigating disease mechanisms in treatment-resistant severe asthma have previously focused on the large central airways, with very few utilizing transcriptomic approaches. The small peripheral airways, which comprise the majority of the airway surface area, remain an unexplored area in severe asthma and were targeted for global epithelial gene expression profiling in this study.
2017-01-04 | GSE64913 | GEO