Cx43 in Cdh5+ cells maintains blood-brain barrier integrity by NAD+-dependent stabilization of mitophagy during aging and inflammation
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA723191 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Blood-brain barrier (BBB) function deteriorates during aging, contributing to cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration. It is unclear what drives BBB leakage in aging and how it can be prevented. Using single-nucleus transcriptomics, we identified decreased connexin 43 (CX43) expression in Cadherin-5+ (Cdh5+) cerebral vascular cells in naturally aging mice and confirmed it in human brain samples. Global or Cdh5+ cell-specific CX43 deletion in mice exacerbated BBB dysfunction during aging. The CX43-dependent effect was not due to its canonical gap junction function but was associated with reduced NAD+ levels and mitochondrial dysfunction through NAD+-dependent sirtuin 3. CX43 interacts with and negatively regulates poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1). Pharmacologic inhibition of PARP1 by olaparib or nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation rescued NAD+ levels and alleviated aging-associated BBB leakage. These findings establish the endothelial CX43-PARP1-NAD+ pathway’s role in vascular aging and identify a potential therapeutic strategy to combat aging-associated BBB leakage with neuroprotective implications.
2021-04-21 | GSE172382 | GEO
Project description:Metabolic dysfunction is a primary feature of Werner syndrome (WS), a human premature aging disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding the Werner (WRN) DNA helicase. WS patients exhibit severe metabolic phenotypes, but the underlying mechanisms are not understood, and whether the metabolic deficit can be targeted for therapeutic intervention has not been determined. Here we report impaired mitophagy and depletion of NAD+, a fundamental ubiquitous molecule, in WS patient samples and WS invertebrate models. WRN regulates transcription of a key NAD+ biosynthetic enzyme nicotinamide nucleotide adenylyltransferase 1 (NMNAT1). NAD+ repletion restores NAD+ metabolic profiles and improves mitochondrial quality through DCT-1 and ULK-1-dependent mitophagy. At the organismal level, NAD+ repletion remarkably extends lifespan and delays accelerated aging, including stem cell dysfunction, in C. elegans and Drosophila melanogaster models of WS. Our findings suggest that accelerated aging in WRN syndrome is mediated by impaired mitochondrial function and mitophagy, and that bolstering cellular NAD+ levels counteracts WS phenotypes.
2020-01-13 | PXD015644 | Pride
Project description:Metabolic dysfunction is a primary feature of the premature aging Werner syndrome (WS), a heritable human disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding the DNA helicase Werner (WRN). However, the relationship between WRN mutation and its severe metabolic phenotypes is unclear. Here we report mitochondrial dysfunction and depletion of NAD+, a fundamental ubiquitous cofactor, in WS patient samples and WS animal models. NAD+ repletion restores NAD+ metabolic profiles and improves mitochondrial quality through DCT-1 and ULK-1-dependent mitophagy. At the organismal level, NAD+ repletion remarkably delays accelerated aging, including stem cell dysfunction in both C. elegans and Drosophila models of WS. Mechanistically, WRN physically binds to a key NAD+ biosynthetic enzyme nicotinamide nucleotide adenylyltransferase 1 (NMNAT1) and facilitates its NAD+ production. Our findings reveal an unprecedented anti-aging mechanism of WRN that integrates its new function of NAD+ synthesis to coordinate mitochondrial maintenance and energy expenditure, and suggest therapeutic potential.
2019-08-16 | GSE108968 | GEO
Project description:Ataxia telangiectasia (A-T) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by progressive neurodegeneration and cerebellar ataxia. A-T is causally linked to defects in ATM, a master regulator of the response to and repair of DNA double-strand breaks. The molecular basis of cerebellar atrophy and neurodegeneration in A-T patients is unclear. Here we report and examine the significance of increased PARylation, low NAD+, and mitochondrial dysfunction in ATM-deficient neurons, mice, and worms. Treatments that replenish intracellular NAD+ reduce the severity of A-T neuropathology, normalize neuromuscular function, delay memory loss, and extend lifespan in both animal models. Mechanistically, treatments that increase intracellular NAD+ also stimulate neuronal DNA repair and improve mitochondrial quality via mitophagy. This work links two major theories on aging, DNA damage accumulation, and mitochondrial dysfunction through nuclear DNA damage-induced nuclear-mitochondrial signaling, and demonstrates that they are important pathophysiological determinants in premature aging of A-T, pointing to therapeutic interventions.
2017-12-20 | GSE76380 | GEO
Project description:Mitochondrial dysfunction is a common feature in neurodegeneration and aging. We identify mitochondrial dysfunction in xeroderma pigmentosum group A (XPA), a nucleotide excision DNA repair disorder with severe neurodegeneration, in silico and in vivo. XPA deficient cells show defective mitophagy with excessive cleavage of PINK1 and increased mitochondrial membrane potential. The mitochondrial abnormalities appear to be caused by decreased activation of the NAD+-SIRT1-PGC-1? axis triggered by hyperactivation of the DNA damage sensor PARP1. This phenotype is rescued by PARP1 inhibition or by supplementation with NAD+ precursors that also rescue the lifespan defect in xpa-1 nematodes. Importantly, this pathogenesis appears common to ataxia-telangiectasia and Cockayne syndrome, two other DNA repair disorders with neurodegeneration, but absent in XPC, a DNA repair disorder without neurodegeneration. Our findings reveal a novel nuclear-mitochondrial cross-talk that is critical for the maintenance of mitochondrial health. Mice carrying WT, or CX (Csa-/-/Xpa-/-) alleles in a C57BL/6 background were maintained under standard laboratory conditions and allowed free access to water and control casein pelleted diet (Research Diets D12450B). At 3 months of age, 3 replicates of each of the CX and WT mice were given subcutaneous interscapular injections of 500 mg of Nicotinamide riboside/kg body weight/day or the equivalent volume of saline for 14 consecutive days at 4:00 pm. On day 15, the mice were sacrificed and half of the cerebellum was harvested for purification of mitochondria, with the left half snap-frozen, homogenized, and aliquoted for RNA isolation. Total RNA extraction was done using a TRIzol Plus RNA purification kit as per manufacturer’s protocol. Quality and quantity of the total RNA was tested using the Agilent 2100 Bio-Analyzer and RNA 6000 nano kits. The RNA was labeled using the standard Illumina protocol and hybed overnight to Mouse Ref-8 Illumina arrays. The arrays were scanned using the Beadstation 500 X from Illumina.
2015-06-04 | E-GEOD-55485 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Senescence phenotypes and mitochondrial dysfunction are implicated in aging and neurodegeneration, and in the premature aging disease, including A-T. Loss of mitochondrial function can drive age-related decline in the brain, but little is known about whether improving mitochondrial homeostasis alleviates senescence phenotypes. Here we demonstrate impaired mitochondrial function and increased senescence growth arrest with senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in A-T patient fibroblasts, and in ATM-deficient cells and mice. We find that boosting intracellular NAD+ levels with nicotinamide riboside (NR) reduces senescence, suppresses neuroinflammation, and improves motor function in Atm-/- mice. We further show that the senescence responses are mediated by stimulator of interferon genes (STING), which is activated by cytoplasmic mtDNA and that NR prevents senescence and neuroinflammation through stimulation of mitophagy. Our findings suggest a pivotal role for mitochondrial dysfunction induced senescence in A-T pathogenesis, and that enhancing mitophagy is a potential therapeutic intervention.
2021-05-25 | GSE152287 | GEO
Project description:Senescence phenotypes and mitochondrial dysfunction are implicated in aging and neurodegeneration, and in the premature aging disease, including A-T. Loss of mitochondrial function can drive age-related decline in the brain, but little is known about whether improving mitochondrial homeostasis alleviates senescence phenotypes. Here we demonstrate impaired mitochondrial function and increased senescence growth arrest with senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in A-T patient fibroblasts, and in ATM-deficient cells and mice. We find that boosting intracellular NAD+ levels with nicotinamide riboside (NR) reduces senescence, suppresses neuroinflammation, and improves motor function in Atm-/- mice. We further show that the senescence responses are mediated by stimulator of interferon genes (STING), which is activated by cytoplasmic mtDNA and that NR prevents senescence and neuroinflammation through stimulation of mitophagy. Our findings suggest a pivotal role for mitochondrial dysfunction induced senescence in A-T pathogenesis, and that enhancing mitophagy is a potential therapeutic intervention.
2021-05-25 | GSE152286 | GEO
Project description:Mitochondrial dysfunction is a common feature in neurodegeneration and aging. We identify mitochondrial dysfunction in xeroderma pigmentosum group A (XPA), a nucleotide excision DNA repair disorder with severe neurodegeneration, in silico and in vivo. XPA deficient cells show defective mitophagy with excessive cleavage of PINK1 and increased mitochondrial membrane potential. The mitochondrial abnormalities appear to be caused by decreased activation of the NAD+-SIRT1-PGC-1α axis triggered by hyperactivation of the DNA damage sensor PARP1. This phenotype is rescued by PARP1 inhibition or by supplementation with NAD+ precursors that also rescue the lifespan defect in xpa-1 nematodes. Importantly, this pathogenesis appears common to ataxia-telangiectasia and Cockayne syndrome, two other DNA repair disorders with neurodegeneration, but absent in XPC, a DNA repair disorder without neurodegeneration. Our findings reveal a novel nuclear-mitochondrial cross-talk that is critical for the maintenance of mitochondrial health.
2015-06-04 | GSE55485 | GEO
Project description:Mitochondrial dysfunction is a common feature in neurodegeneration and aging. We identify mitochondrial dysfunction in xeroderma pigmentosum group A (XPA), a nucleotide excision DNA repair disorder with severe neurodegeneration, in silico and in vivo. XPA deficient cells show defective mitophagy with excessive cleavage of PINK1 and increased mitochondrial membrane potential. The mitochondrial abnormalities appear to be caused by decreased activation of the NAD+-SIRT1-PGC-1α axis triggered by hyperactivation of the DNA damage sensor PARP1. This phenotype is rescued by PARP1 inhibition or by supplementation with NAD+ precursors that also rescue the lifespan defect in xpa-1 nematodes. Importantly, this pathogenesis appears common to ataxia-telangiectasia and Cockayne syndrome, two other DNA repair disorders with neurodegeneration, but absent in XPC, a DNA repair disorder without neurodegeneration. Our findings reveal a novel nuclear-mitochondrial cross-talk that is critical for the maintenance of mitochondrial health.
2015-06-04 | GSE55484 | GEO
Project description:NAD+ repletion inhibits accelerated aging in Werner syndrome through the restoration of mitophagy
| PRJNA429255 | ENA