Analysis of sexually dimorphic accumulation of taxoids identifies a female-specific MYB-bHLH complex involved in the paclitaxel biosynthesis of Taxus media
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PROVIDER: PRJNA733140 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Taxol is an efficient anticancer drug accumulated in Taxus trees. Taxus media, a large-scale cultured species, is a dioecious woody tree with high taxol yielding. However, the sexually dimorphic accumulation of taxoids in T. media is largely unknown. Our study identified a large number of differentially accumulated metabolites and differentially expressed genes, revealing the comprehensive differences between the female and male T. media trees. LC-MS analysis confirmed the high accumulation of taxoids in the female trees. Expression analysis showed that most Taxol biosynthesis-related genes were predominantly expressed in the female trees. To investigate the regulation mechanism underlying the sexually dimorphic accumulation of taxoids, a female-specific expressed gene, TmMYB39, was identified and its full-length sequence was cloned. Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analyses showed that TmMYB39 is a typical R2R3-MYB factor and the subcellular localization of TmMYB39 is shown to be the nucleus. Furthermore, Y2H and BiFC assays showed that TmMYB39 interacts with TmbHLH13. Partial promoter sequences of 10 taxol biosynthesis-related genes were isolated, which were used for screening of the MYB recognition elements. TmMYB39 binds to the promoters of several taxol-related genes, such as GGPPS, T7OH, T10OH, T13OH, and TBT genes. Interaction between TmMYB39 and TmbHLH13 affected the expression of GGPS and T10OH genes, suggesting that TmMYB39 might function in the regulation of taxol biosynthesis through a ‘MYB-bHLH’ module. Our data provided a potential explanation for the sexually dimorphic accumulation of taxoids.
2021-05-28 | GSE175645 | GEO
Project description:Sex estimation of human remains from demineralized blocks of tooth enamel by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC- MS/MS) and proteomic analysis of sexually dimorphic amelogenin peptides. The detection of the Y-isoform of amelogenin is used to estimate male sex. The combined signal intensity of the sexually dimorphic peptides from each samples of known sex is used to establish a statistical framework for the estimation of the female sex probability.
2018-11-29 | PXD009781 | Pride
Project description:The liver is one of the most sexually dimorphic organs as measured by gene expression differences. About 80% of the sexually dimorphic genes are known to be regulated by growth hormone (GH). Somatostatin (SST) inhibits the release of GH. We generated a SST-knockout mouse and analyzed the hepatic gene expression changes in both sexes.
2014-12-01 | GSE56520 | GEO
Project description:The first trimester is a critical window of maternal-fetal communication for pregnancy. RNA-sequencing of matched maternal decidua (4) and placenta (4) identified 91 sexually dimorphic receptor-ligand pairs across the maternal-fetal interface, 32 in females and 59 in males.
2020-08-20 | GSE131874 | GEO
Project description:Sexually dimorphic traits are by definition exaggerated in one sex, which may arise from a history of sex-specific selection â in males, females, or both. If this exaggeration comes at a cost, exaggeration is expected to be greater in higher condition individuals (condition-dependent). Although studies using small numbers of morphological traits are generally supportive, this prediction has not been examined at a larger scale. We test this prediction across the trancriptome by determining the condition-dependence of sex-biased (dimorphic) gene expression. We find that high-condition populations are more sexually dimorphic in transcription than low-condition populations. High condition populations have more male-biased genes and more female-biased genes, and a greater degree of sexually dimorphic expression in these genes. Also, condition-dependence in male-biased genes was greater than in a set of unbiased genes. Interestingly, male-biased genes expressed in the testes were not more condition-dependent than those in the soma. By contrast, increased female-biased expression under high condition may be have occurred because of the greater contribution of the ovary-specific transcripts to the entire mRNA pool. We did not find any genomic signatures distinguishing the condition-dependent sex-biased genes. The degree of condition-dependent sexual dimorphism (CDSD) did not differ between the autosomes and the X-chromosome. There was only weak evidence that rates of evolution correlated with CDSD. We suggest that the sensitivity of both female-biased genes and male-biased genes to condition may be akin to the overall heightened sensitivity to condition that life-history and sexually selected traits tend to exhibit. Our results demonstrate that through condition-dependence, early life experience has dramatic effects on sexual dimorphism in the adult transcriptome. There were 8 biologically distinct samples. Each was replicated 6 times for a total of 48 biological samples on 24 arrays. There was no reference or control sample as a loop design was used. Each of the 48 samples are represented separately.
2010-01-31 | E-GEOD-19973 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Background：Taxol is an efficient anticancer drug; however, the accumulation of taxoids can vary hugely among Taxus species. The mechanism underlying differential accumulation of taxoids are largely unknown. Thus, the comparative analysis of the transcriptomes in three Taxus species, including T. media, T. mairei and T. cuspidata, was performed. Results:KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that the diterpenoid biosynthesis and cytochrome P450 pathways were significantly enriched in the differential expressed genes. Dynamic expressions of the taxol biosynthesis related genes might be a potential explanation for the interspecific differential accumulation of taxol and its derivatives. Besides, the sequences of several key enzymes were re-assembled based on independent transcriptomes from different Taxus species. Our data showed that sequence diversity may be another factor that determines the variations in taxoids. Furthermore, five jasmonic acid (JA) metabolism-related GO terms were analyzed. The differential expression of these JA-related transcription factors suggested distinct responses to exogenous MeJA applications in the three Taxus species. Conclusions:Our results revealed the comprehensive variations in the expression pattern and sequence similarity of the key genes involved in the metabolism of taxoids among different Taxus species. The data give us an opportunity to reveal the mechanism underlying the variations in the taxoid contents and to select the highest-yielding Taxus species.
2018-10-20 | GSE121523 | GEO
Project description:Sexually dimorphic traits are by definition exaggerated in one sex, which may arise from a history of sex-specific selection – in males, females, or both. If this exaggeration comes at a cost, exaggeration is expected to be greater in higher condition individuals (condition-dependent). Although studies using small numbers of morphological traits are generally supportive, this prediction has not been examined at a larger scale. We test this prediction across the trancriptome by determining the condition-dependence of sex-biased (dimorphic) gene expression. We find that high-condition populations are more sexually dimorphic in transcription than low-condition populations. High condition populations have more male-biased genes and more female-biased genes, and a greater degree of sexually dimorphic expression in these genes. Also, condition-dependence in male-biased genes was greater than in a set of unbiased genes. Interestingly, male-biased genes expressed in the testes were not more condition-dependent than those in the soma. By contrast, increased female-biased expression under high condition may be have occurred because of the greater contribution of the ovary-specific transcripts to the entire mRNA pool. We did not find any genomic signatures distinguishing the condition-dependent sex-biased genes. The degree of condition-dependent sexual dimorphism (CDSD) did not differ between the autosomes and the X-chromosome. There was only weak evidence that rates of evolution correlated with CDSD. We suggest that the sensitivity of both female-biased genes and male-biased genes to condition may be akin to the overall heightened sensitivity to condition that life-history and sexually selected traits tend to exhibit. Our results demonstrate that through condition-dependence, early life experience has dramatic effects on sexual dimorphism in the adult transcriptome.
2010-02-01 | GSE19973 | GEO
Project description:Our findings suggest that gender is underwritten in the epigenome in a tissue-specific manner. Gender-specific epigenetic states are likely to have important implications for understanding sexually dimorphic phenotypes in health and disease.
2017-07-19 | GSE84573 | GEO
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC5531766 | biostudies-other
Project description:There is increasing appreciation for sexually dimorphic effects, but the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are only partially understood. In the present study, we explored transcriptomics and epigenetic differences in the small intestine and colon of prepubescent male and female mice. In addition, the microbiota composition of the colonic luminal content has been examined. At postnatal day 14, male and female C57BL/6 mice were sacrificed and the small intestine, colon and content of luminal colon were isolated. Gene expression of both segments of the intestine was analysed by microarray analysis. DNA methylation of the promoter regions of selected sexually dimorphic genes was examined by pyrosequencing. Composition of the microbiota was explored by deep sequencing. Sexually dimorphic genes were observed in both segments of the intestine of 2-week-old mouse pups, with a stronger effect in the small intestine. Amongst the total of 349 genes displaying a sexually dimorphic effect in the small intestine and/or colon, several candidates exhibited a previously established function in the intestine (i.e. Nts, Nucb2, Alox5ap and Retnlγ). In addition, differential expression of genes linked to intestinal bowel disease (i.e. Ccr3, Ccl11 and Tnfr) and colorectal cancer development (i.e. Wt1 and Mmp25) was observed between males and females. Amongst the genes displaying significant sexually dimorphic expression, nine genes were histone-modifying enzymes, suggesting that epigenetic mechanisms might be a potential underlying regulatory mechanism. However, our results reveal no significant changes in DNA methylation of analysed CpGs within the selected differentially expressed genes. With respect to the bacterial community composition in the colon, a dominant effect of litter origin was found but no significant sex effect was detected. However, a sex effect on the dominance of specific taxa was observed. This study reveals molecular dissimilarities between males and females in the small intestine and colon of prepubescent mice, which might underlie differences in physiological functioning and in disease predisposition in the two sexes. Small intestine and colon were isolated from two-week old pups of dams fed a low-fat diet and subjected to gene expression profiling
2015-09-02 | E-GEOD-57516 | biostudies-arrayexpress