Modeling pancreatic beta cell senescence by induction of DNA double-strand breaks
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA735767 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Pancreatic beta cell senescence occurs during the development of Type 1 Diabetes. To model the transcriptional responses of islet cells to DNA damage, we previously developed a human islet culture model in which the DNA damage response and senescence can be induced via double strand-breaks with the agent bleomycin. Here, we report the transcriptome-wide changes in human pancreatic islet cells following bleomycin exposure.
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Project description:Genome-wide maps of double-strand breaks
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Project description:High concentration of NaCl increases DNA breaks both in cell culture and in vivo. The breaks remain elevated as long as NaCl concentration remains high and are rapidly repaired when the concentration is lowered. Repair of the breaks after NaCl is reduced is accompanied by formation of foci containing phosphorylated H2AX (γH2AX), which occurs around DNA double-strand breaks and contributes to their repair. By chromatin immunoprecipitation using anti-γH2AX antibody, followed by massive parallel sequencing (ChIP-Seq), we find that during repair of double–strand breaks induced by high NaCl, γH2AX is predominantly localized to regions of the genome devoid of genes (“gene deserts”), indicating that the high NaCl-induced double-strand breaks are located there. Localization to gene deserts helps explain why the DNA breaks are less harmful than are the random breaks induced by genotoxic agents such as UV radiation, ionizing radiation and oxidants. We propose that the universal presence of NaCl around animal cells has directly influenced the evolution of the structure of their genomes.
2011-11-21 | GSE32882 | GEO
Project description:Doxorubicin is a widely used chemotherapeutic drug that intercalates between DNA base-pairs and posions Topoisomerase II, although the mechanistic basis for cell killing remains speculative. Here we show that both anthracyclines and Topoisomerase II poison cause enhanced DNA double-strand breaks around CpG island promoters of active genes genome-wide. We propose that torsion-based enhancement of nucleosome turnover exposes promoter DNA, ultimately causing DNA breaks around promoters that contributes to cell killing.
2015-01-31 | GSE62927 | GEO
Project description:High concentration of NaCl increases DNA breaks both in cell culture and in vivo. The breaks remain elevated as long as NaCl concentration remains high and are rapidly repaired when the concentration is lowered. Repair of the breaks after NaCl is reduced is accompanied by formation of foci containing phosphorylated H2AX (M-NM-3H2AX), which occurs around DNA double-strand breaks and contributes to their repair. By chromatin immunoprecipitation using anti-M-NM-3H2AX antibody, followed by massive parallel sequencing (ChIP-Seq), we find that during repair of doubleM-bM-^@M-^Sstrand breaks induced by high NaCl, M-NM-3H2AX is predominantly localized to regions of the genome devoid of genes (M-bM-^@M-^\gene desertsM-bM-^@M-^]), indicating that the high NaCl-induced double-strand breaks are located there. Localization to gene deserts helps explain why the DNA breaks are less harmful than are the random breaks induced by genotoxic agents such as UV radiation, ionizing radiation and oxidants. We propose that the universal presence of NaCl around animal cells has directly influenced the evolution of the structure of their genomes. ChIP-Seq experiment to find locations of M-NM-3H2AX in mouse genome
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