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Effects of dietary fat on neurodevelopmental outcomes in normal birth weight and intrauterine growth restricted piglets

ABSTRACT: Effects of dietary fat on neurodevelopmental outcomes in normal birth weight and intrauterine growth restricted piglets

PROVIDER: PRJNA755610 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Effects of dietary fat on neurodevelopmental outcomes in normal birth weight and intrauterine growth restricted piglets

Project description:Breast milk has shown neurodevelopmental advantages compared to infant formula, especially in IUGR infants, which may relate to the fat source. This study aimed to compare neurodevelopmental outcomes in normal birth weight (NBW) and intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) piglets fed a formula diet with either a vegetable oil (VEG) or bovine milk fat source (MILK). Results showed that total plasma lipids were increased by feeding the MILK diet. 82% and 11% of lipid species were differentially expressed between dietary groups in plasma and hippocampus, respectively, with slight agreement between the plasma and brain lipidome. The MILK diet was most effective in increasing brain lipid accretion, mainly comprising phospholipids. Absolute regional brain weights, grey and white matter volumes, and behavior and motor function scores were lower in IUGR piglets with no effects of diet. Cognitive function and gene expression profiles were similar for dietary and weight groups, and overall only minor interactive effects between diet and weight were observed. In conclusion, dietary fat source influenced the plasma and to a lesser degree the hippocampal lipidome, but was unable to improve on IUGR induced brain structural and functional impairments.

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Term Birth Weight and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes.

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Project description:Sub-optimal fetal development is associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and adiposity later in life. However, definitions of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and small for gestational age (SGA) are based on simple statistical approaches that may misclassify infants with a normal developmental profile and vice versa. We used an unbiased global profiling approach to identify gene expression patterns in umbilical cord tissue from 38 infants and identified a set of 466 genes which separated the subjects into 2 distinct groups – one biased towards lower birth weight and one biased towards normal birth weight. The data suggest that approximately 30% of children of normal size have a molecular profile more typical of impaired fetal development and who may be on a programmed trajectory. Differences in expression between the two groups encompassed 384 upregulated and 82 downregulated genes. Molecular profiling at birth may have utility in identifying markers that potentially reflect antenatal developmental and may be predictive of future phenotypic development after birth. Importantly, it may provide an alternative to the current classification of infants using birth weights. RNA from umbilical cord tissue from full term neonates was extracted and hybridized. Separation into 2 distinct groups, independent of birth weight, but based solely on gene expression levels was analysed by Genespring. After appropriate statistical analysis, one group was keenly associated with a higher birth weight (22 samples) while the other was associated with a lower birth-weight (18 samples). Technical replicates were included for all 40 samples.

2011-10-20 | E-GEOD-24818 | biostudies-arrayexpress

RNA-sequencing data of liver tissue of intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) piglets with or without supplementary energy treatment

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Molecular markers of predictive value associated with low birth weight

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Identifying Risk Factors for Low Piglet Birth Weight, High Within-Litter Variation and Occurrence of Intrauterine Growth-Restricted Piglets in Hyperprolific Sows.

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Epigenetic reprogramming of sperm in F1 adult male mice with intrauterine hyperglycemia exposure

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