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Protection against autoimmunity is driven by thymic epithelial cell-mediated regulation of Treg development

ABSTRACT: Protection against autoimmunity is driven by thymic epithelial cell-mediated regulation of Treg development

PROVIDER: PRJNA756684 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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Protection against autoimmunity is driven by thymic epithelial cell-mediated regulation of Treg development

Project description:Thymic education of Tregs is superior to negative selection in the prevention of autoimmunity. To address this hypothesis, TCR repertoires of thymic and peripheral Tcells (including Tregs) from conditional NIK KO and WT mice have been sequenced and compared.

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Protection against autoimmunity is driven by thymic epithelial cell-mediated regulation of Treg development

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Protection against autoimmunity is driven by thymic epithelial cell-mediated regulation of Treg development

Project description:Protection against autoimmunity is driven by thymic epithelial cell-mediated regulation of Treg development

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DRAK2 alters IL-2 sensitivity and Treg development

Project description:Drak2¬-deficient (Drak2-/-) mice are resistant to multiple models of autoimmunity, yet effectively eliminate pathogens and tumors. Thus, DRAK2 is an ideal target to treat autoimmune diseases. However, the mechanisms by which DRAK2 contributes to autoimmunity, particularly type 1 diabetes (T1D), remain unresolved. Our data indicate that DRAK2 contributes to autoimmunity in multiple ways by regulating thymic Treg development and by impacting the sensitivity of conventional T cells to Treg-mediated suppression.

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A distal Foxp3 enhancer enables interleukin-2 dependent thymic Treg cell lineage commitment for robust immune tolerance

Project description:STAT5 transcription factor activation downstream of the Interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) induces expression of Foxp3, a critical step in the differentiation of regulatory T (Treg) cells. Due to the pleiotropic outputs of IL-2R signaling, it is unclear whether STAT5 acts directly on the Foxp3 locus to promote its expression . Here, we report that IL-2 – STAT5 signaling converged on an enhancer (CNS4) during Foxp3 induction. CNS4 facilitated and sustained the IL-2 dependent CD25+Foxp3– precursor to Treg cell transition in the thymus. Its deficiency resulted in markedly impaired Treg cell generation in neonates, which was partially mitigated with age. While the thymic Treg cell paucity caused by CNS4 deficiency did not result in autoimmunity on its own, it exacerbated autoimmune manifestations caused by disruption of the Aire gene. Thus, CNS4 enhancer activity ensures robust Treg cell differentiation early in postnatal life and cooperatively with other tolerance mechanisms, minimizes autoimmunity.

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A distal Foxp3 enhancer enables interleukin-2 dependent thymic Treg cell lineage commitment for robust immune tolerance[TCR-seq]

Project description:STAT5 activation downstream of the Interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) facilitates Foxp3 expression, which is required for the differentiation and function of regulatory T (Treg) cells. However, due to the pleiotropic roles of IL-2R signaling, it is unclear how STAT5 acts on the Foxp3 locus to promote Treg cell lineage commitment. Here, we report that IL-2–STAT5 signaling converges on an enhancer (CNS4) during early Foxp3 induction. CNS4 facilitates and sustains the IL-2–dependent CD25+Foxp3– precursor to Treg cell transition in the thymus. Its deficiency results in markedly impaired Treg cell generation in neonates, which is partially mitigated with age. While the thymic Treg cell paucity caused by CNS4 deficiency did not result in autoimmunity on its own, it exacerbated autoimmune manifestations caused by disruption of the Aire gene. Thus, CNS4 enhancer activity ensures robust Treg cell differentiation early in postnatal life and, cooperatively with other tolerance mechanisms, minimizes autoimmunity.

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A distal Foxp3 enhancer enables interleukin-2 dependent thymic Treg cell lineage commitment for robust immune tolerance[ChIP-seq][Stat5]

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A distal Foxp3 enhancer enables interleukin-2 dependent thymic Treg cell lineage commitment for robust immune tolerance [RNA-seq]

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A distal Foxp3 enhancer enables interleukin-2 dependent thymic Treg cell lineage commitment for robust immune tolerance [ATAC-Seq]

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