Project description:Nitrogen is the most important mineral nutrient of plant. As a worldwide and economically important vegetable, cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) has a strong nitrogen-dependence. We took whole transcriptome sequencing approach to compare the gene expression profiles of cucumber leaves and roots grown under sufficient or insufficient nitrate supply. Analysis of the transcriptome data revealed that the root and leaf adapt different response mechanisms to long-term nitrogen deficiency. Photosynthesis and carbohydrate biosynthetic process were pronouncedly and specifically reduced in leaf, while the ion transport function, cell wall and phosphorus-deficiency response function seem systematically down-regulated in root. Genes in nitrogen uptake and assimilation are decreased in root, but some are increased in leaf under nitrogen deficiency. Several lines of evidence suggest that the altered gene expression networks support the basic cucumber growth and development likely through successful nitrogen remobilization involving in the induced expression of genes in ABA and ethylene pathways. cucumber leaf and root mRNA of 28-day after sowing nitrogen deficiency and sufficiency deep sequencing, using Illumina HiSeq 2000
Project description:Nitrogen is the most important mineral nutrient of plant. As a worldwide and economically important vegetable, cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) has a strong nitrogen-dependence. We took whole transcriptome sequencing approach to compare the gene expression profiles of cucumber leaves and roots grown under sufficient or insufficient nitrate supply. Analysis of the transcriptome data revealed that the root and leaf adapt different response mechanisms to long-term nitrogen deficiency. Photosynthesis and carbohydrate biosynthetic process were pronouncedly and specifically reduced in leaf, while the ion transport function, cell wall and phosphorus-deficiency response function seem systematically down-regulated in root. Genes in nitrogen uptake and assimilation are decreased in root, but some are increased in leaf under nitrogen deficiency. Several lines of evidence suggest that the altered gene expression networks support the basic cucumber growth and development likely through successful nitrogen remobilization involving in the induced expression of genes in ABA and ethylene pathways.
Project description:Previous study we have reported the cucumber TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PCF (TCP) family gene BRANCHED1 (CsBRC1) as a main transcription factor functions to regulate shoot branching. Here, we found CsBRC1 (CsTCP18b in this study) had a paralogous gene CsTCP18a. To investigate whether the function of CsTCP18a was same as CsTCP18b, we carried out biochemical experiments and genetic transformation. The Real-Time PCR and in situ hybridization showed that CsTCP18a displayed different expression patterns in cucumber compared with CsTCP18b. Ectopic expression of CsTCP18a in Arabidopsis tcp18 (brc1) mutants resulted in a decreased number of rosette branches and rosette leaves, whereas silencing CsTCP18a in cucumber only led to a deformed true leaf of seedling without influencing the shoot branching. RNA-seq analysis of wild-type plants and CsTCP18a-RNAi lines implicated that CsTCP18a regulated early leaf development of cucumber through affecting the transcripts of auxin and cytokinin related genes. Further studies indicated that CsTCP18a could directly interact with CsTCP10 and CsTCP18b in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, our data suggested that CsTCP18a had functional redundancy with CsTCP18b in inhibiting axillary buds outgrowth, and it could also regulate leaf development during cucumber seedling.
Project description:Lateral organ development is important for cucumber yield, while the molecular mechanism controlling leaf and floral organ development in cucumber remain elusive. In this report, a novel EMS-mutaginized mutant, round leaf (rl) was distinguished with remarkable round leaf shape, abnormal floral organ and inhibited tendril outgrowth in early development phase. Moreover, the ovule organogenesis disrupted completely in parthenocarpy fruit of rl. MutMap+ analysis revealed that RL encodes a protein kinase PINOID (CsPID, Csa1G537400). A non-synoymous SNP in the second exon of CsPID resulted in an amino-acid substitution from Arg in the wild type to Lys in the rl mutant. CsPID was down-regulated in rl mutant and preferentially expressed in young leaf, and flower buds. IAA quantification showed that rl plants exhibited a lower IAA content than wild type in ovary and blade edge. IAA immunolocalization results confirmed the IAA content alteration in rl plants. Transcriptome profile analysis further suggested IAA biosynthesis, polar transport and signal transduction genes participated in the leaf and floral development process by CsPID. Biochemical analyses showed that CsPID may regulate leaf shape by interacting with CsREV. In conclusion, this study revealed that the extensive genetic architecture of lateral organ organogenesis and development via CsPID regulating auxin polar transport action in cucumber.
Project description:In this study, Agrobacterium tumefaciens containing recombinant plasmids were used to agroinoculate cucumber seedlings with tandem repeats of DNA-A genome of Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV). The inoculated seedlings, representing both resistant and susceptible accessions, were monitored for symptoms over a period of four weeks. Symptom development was observed in susceptible genotypes, while the resistant genotype remained symptomless. Leaf samples were collected from both agroinoculated and control plants for further analysis. This research sheds light on the pathogenicity of ToLCNDV in cucumber and highlights the potential resistance mechanisms in certain accessions.
Project description:Corynespora leaf spot (CSL), caused by Corynespora cassiicola, has become one of the most important foliar diseases of cultivated cucumber. However, the defense mechanisms of cucumber plants in response to C. cassiicola are still poorly understood. Here, proteins from resistant plants were analyzed using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ). A total of 286 differentially expressed proteins were identified (P<0.05, ratio>1.2 or <0.83) at 6 and 24 h after pathogen inoculation in the resistant cucumber cultivar Jinyou 38. Some of the early responses to C. cassiicola infection were revealed, and four vital clues regarding the resistance of Cucumis sativus to cucumber CLS were discovered. First, the proteomic approach revealed the modulation of signaling pathways in resistant cucumber plants in response to C. cassiicola infection. Second, the plant immune system recognizes the pathogen and initiates the expression of basal immune response proteins, including those related to defense and stress responses, signal transduction, cell metabolism and redox regulation. Third, the common stress pathways were activated by C. cassiicola; in particular, mildew resistance locus O (MLO) proteins played a crucial role in the prevention of CLS. Fourth, the rapid activation of the carbohydrate and secondary metabolic pathways, the modification and reinforcement of cell walls, and the adjustment of the apoplectic environment to high-stress conditions were crucial in cucumber resistance to CLS disease. Overall, our data increase the knowledge of incompatible interactions between plants and pathogens and provide new insight into the contribution of molecular processes in cucumber to disease resistance.
Project description:Purpose: The goals of this study are using RNA-seq to obtain cucumber and Botrytis cinerea transcriptome changes during infection Methods: mRNA profiles of anti-infection samples and interaction sample were generate by deep sequencing,using Illumina Hiseq 2500. The sequence reads that passed quality filters were analyzed at the transcript isoform level with two methods: BurrowsâWheeler Aligner (BWA) followed by ANOVA (ANOVA) and TopHat followed by Cufflinks. qRTâPCR validation was performed using SYBR Green assays Results: Using an optimized data analysis workflow,In total, 248,908,688 raw reads were generated; after removing low-quality reads and those containing adapter and poly-N, 238,341,648 clean reads remained to map the reference genome. There were 3,512 cucumber (differential expression genes) DEGs and 1,735 B. cinerea DEGs. GO enrichment and KEGG enrichment analysis were performed on these DEGs to study the interaction between cucumber and B. cinerea. To verify the reliability and accuracy of our transcriptome data, 5 cucumber DEGs and 5 B. cinerea DEGs were chosen for RT-PCR verification. Conclusions:To the best of our knowledge, this is the first analysis of large-scale transcriptome changes of cucumber during the infection of Botrytis cinerea. These results will increase our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the cucumber defense Botrytis cinerea and may be used to protect plants against disasters caused by necrotrophic fungal pathogens. mRNA profiles of infection and anti-infection cucumber were generated by deep sequencing, using Illumina Hiseq 2500 .