CRISPR recording in zebrafish embryos with orthogonal CRISPR systems
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA773422 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:The CRISPR-Cas universe continues to expand. The type II CRISPR-Cas system from Streptococcus pyogenes (SpyCas9) is most widely used for genome editing due to its high efficiency in cells and organisms. However, concentrating on a single CRISPR-Cas system imposes limits on target selection and multiplexed genome engineering. We hypothesized that CRISPR-Cas systems originating from different bacterial species could operate simultaneously and independently due to their distinct single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) or CRISPR-RNAs (crRNAs), and protospacer adjacent motifs (PAMs). Additionally, we hypothesized that CRISPR-Cas activity in zebrafish could be regulated through the expression of inhibitory anti-CRISPR (Acr) proteins. Here, we use a simple mutagenesis approach to demonstrate that CRISPR-Cas systems from Streptococcus pyogenes (SpyCas9), Streptococcus aureus (SauCas9), Lachnospiraceae bacterium (LbaCas12a, previously known as LbCpf1), Acidaminococcus sp. (AspCas12a, previously known as AsCpf1) and Neisseria meningitidis (Nme2Cas9) are orthogonal systems capable of operating simultaneously in zebrafish. We implemented multichannel CRISPR recording using up to three CRISPR systems, and show that LbaCas12a may provide superior information density compared to previous methods. We also demonstrate that type II Acrs (anti-CRISPRs) are effective inhibitors of SpyCas9 in zebrafish. These results indicate that at least five CRISPR-Cas systems and two anti-CRISPR proteins are functional in zebrafish embryos. These orthogonal CRISPR-Cas systems and Acr proteins will enable combinatorial and intersectional strategies for spatiotemporal control of genome editing and genetic recording in animals.
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Project description:CRISPR-based molecular recording of mouse embryogenesis
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Project description:CRISPR-based gene perturbation enables unbiased investigations of single and combinatorial genotype-to-phenotype associations. In light of efforts to map combinatorial gene dependencies at scale, choosing an efficient and robust CRISPR-associated (Cas) nuclease is of utmost importance. Even though SpCas9 and AsCas12a are widely used for single, combinatorial, and orthogonal screenings, side-by-side comparisons remain sparse. Here, we systematically compared combinatorial SpCas9, AsCas12a, and CHyMErA in hTERT-immortalized retinal pigment epithelial cells and extracted performance-critical parameters for combinatorial and orthogonal CRISPR screens. Our analyses identified SpCas9 to be superior to enhanced and optimized AsCas12a, with CHyMErA being largely inactive in the tested conditions. Since AsCas12a contains RNA processing activity, we used arrayed dual-gRNAs to improve AsCas12a and CHyMErA applications. While this negatively influenced the effect size of combinatorial AsCas12a applications, it enhanced the performance of CHyMErA. This improved performance, however, was limited to AsCas12a dual-gRNAs, as SpCas9 gRNAs remained largely inactive. To avoid the use of hybrid gRNAs for orthogonal applications, we engineered the multiplex SpCas9-enAsCas12a system (multiSPAS) that avoids RNA processing for efficient orthogonal gene editing.
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Project description:CRISPR-Cas immune systems function to defend prokaryotes against potentially harmful mobile genetic elements including viruses and plasmids. The multiple CRISPR-Cas systems (Types I, II, III) each recognize and target destruction of foreign invader nucleic acids via structurally and functionally diverse effector complexes (crRNPs). CRISPR-Cas effector complexes are comprised of CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs) that contain sequences homologous to the invading nucleic acids and Cas proteins specific to each immune system type. We have previously characterized a crRNP in Pyrococcus furiosus (Pfu) that contains Cmr proteins (Type III-B) associated with one of two primary size forms of crRNAs and functions through homology-dependent cleavage of target RNAs. In the current study, we have isolated and characterized two additional native Pfu CRISPR-Cas complexes containing either Csa (Type I-A) or Cst (Type I-G) proteins and distinct profiles of associated crRNAs. For each complex, the Cas proteins were identified by tandem mass spectrometry and immunoblotting and the crRNAs by RNA deep sequencing and Northern blot analysis. The crRNAs associated with both the Csa and Cst complexes originate from each of seven total CRISPR loci and contain identical 5’ ends (8-nt CRISPR RNA repeat-derived 5’ tag sequences) but heterogeneous 3’ ends (containing variable amounts of downstream repeat sequences). These crRNA forms are distinct from Cmr-associated crRNAs, indicating different 3’ end processing pathways following primary cleavage of common pre-crRNAs. We predict that the newly identified Pfu Type I-A (Csa) and Type I-G (Cst)-containing crRNPs, like other previously characterized Type I CRISPR-Cas effector complexes, each function by carrying out crRNA-guided DNA targeting of invading mobile genetic elements. Taken together, our in-depth characterization of the three isolated native complexes provides clear evidence for three compositionally distinct crRNPs containing either Cmr, Csa, or Cst Cas proteins that together make up an impressive arsenal of CRISPR-Cas defense for a single organism. 4 Samples: Protein-associated small RNAs
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Project description:Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) derived organoid systems provide models to study human organ development. Single-cell transcriptome sequencing enables highly-resolved descriptions of cell state heterogeneity within these systems and computational methods can reconstruct developmental trajectories. However, new approaches are needed to directly measure lineage relationships in these systems. Here we establish an inducible dual channel lineage recorder, iTracer, that couples reporter barcodes, inducible CRISPR/Cas9 scarring, and single-cell transcriptomics to analyze state and lineage relationships in iPSC-derived systems. This data set include the spatial iTracer data of three slices of one cerebral organoid measured by 10x Visium.
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Project description:Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) derived organoid systems provide models to study human organ development. Single-cell transcriptome sequencing enables highly-resolved descriptions of cell state heterogeneity within these systems and computational methods can reconstruct developmental trajectories. However, new approaches are needed to directly measure lineage relationships in these systems. Here we establish an inducible dual channel lineage recorder, iTracer, that couples reporter barcodes, inducible CRISPR/Cas9 scarring, and single-cell transcriptomics to analyze state and lineage relationships in iPSC-derived systems. This data set include the iTracer data of two microdissected regions of one cerebral organoid.
2021-11-03 | E-MTAB-10973 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) derived organoid systems provide models to study human organ development. Single-cell transcriptome sequencing enables highly-resolved descriptions of cell state heterogeneity within these systems and computational methods can reconstruct developmental trajectories. However, new approaches are needed to directly measure lineage relationships in these systems. Here we establish an inducible dual channel lineage recorder, iTracer, that couples reporter barcodes, inducible CRISPR/Cas9 scarring, and single-cell transcriptomics to analyze state and lineage relationships in iPSC-derived systems. This data set include the iTracer data of 12 cerebral organoids.
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