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SUMOylation of Linker Histone H1 Drives Chromatin Condensation and Restriction of Embryonic Cell Fate Identity [SMART-Seq]

ABSTRACT: SUMOylation of Linker Histone H1 Drives Chromatin Condensation and Restriction of Embryonic Cell Fate Identity [SMART-Seq]

PROVIDER: PRJNA777602 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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SUMOylation of Linker Histone H1 Drives Chromatin Condensation and Restriction of Embryonic Cell Fate Identity [SMART-Seq]

Project description:The fidelity of the early embryonic program is underlined by tight regulation of the chromatin. Yet, our understanding of how the chromatin is organized to prohibit the reversal of the developmental program remains limited. Specifically, the totipotency to pluripotency transition marks one of the most dramatic events to the chromatin, yet the nature of histone changes and regulation underlying this process are only partly characterized. Here we show that linker histone H1 is post-translationally modulated by SUMO2/3, which facilitates its fixation onto ultra-condensed heterochromatin in embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Upon SUMOylation depletion, the chromatin becomes de-compacted and H1 is evicted, leading to totipotency reactivation. Further, we show that H1 and SUMO2/3 jointly mediate the repression of totipotent elements. Lastly, we demonstrate that preventing SUMOylation on H1 abrogates its ability to repress totipotency in ESCs. Collectively, our findings unravel a critical role for SUMOylation of H1 in mediating chromatin repression and desolation of the totipotent identity.

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SUMOylation of Linker Histone H1 Drives Chromatin Condensation and Restriction of Embryonic Cell Fate Identity [RNA-seq]

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SUMOylation of Linker Histone H1 Drives Chromatin Condensation and Restriction of Embryonic Cell Fate Identity

Project description:SUMOylation of Linker Histone H1 Drives Chromatin Condensation and Restriction of Embryonic Cell Fate Identity

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SUMOylation of Linker Histone H1 Drives Chromatin Condensation and Restriction of Embryonic Cell Fate Identity [ATAC-seq]

Project description:SUMOylation of Linker Histone H1 Drives Chromatin Condensation and Restriction of Embryonic Cell Fate Identity [ATAC-seq]

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SUMOylation of Linker Histone H1 Drives Chromatin Condensation and Restriction of Embryonic Cell Fate Identity [ChIP-seq]

Project description:SUMOylation of Linker Histone H1 Drives Chromatin Condensation and Restriction of Embryonic Cell Fate Identity [ChIP-seq]

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SUMOylation of Linker Histone H1 Drives Chromatin Condensation and Restriction of Embryonic Cell Fate Identity [RNA-seq]

Project description:SUMOylation of Linker Histone H1 Drives Chromatin Condensation and Restriction of Embryonic Cell Fate Identity [RNA-seq]

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The interactome of site-specifically acetylated linker histone H1

Project description:Linker histone H1 plays a key role in chromatin organization and maintenance, however, our knowledge of the regulation of H1 functions by its posttranslational modifications (PTMs) is very limited. In this study, we report on the generation of homogeneously and site-specifically mono- and di-acetylated H1 (H1 Ac) using genetic code expansion. We used these modified histones to identify and comprehensively characterize the acetylation-dependent cellular interactome for linker histone H1 and show that site-specific acetylation results in overlapping, but distinct groups of interacting partners. Intriguingly, H1 acetylation-specific interactors comprise translational initiation factors and are involved in transcriptional regulation, suggesting that acetylation of H1 may indeed act as a regulator of the linker histone H1 by modulation of protein-protein interactions.

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Novel nucleosomal particles containing core histones and linker DNA but no histone H1

Project description:Eukaryotic chromosomal DNA is assembled into regularly spaced nucleosomes, which play a central role in gene regulation by determining accessibility of control regions. The nucleosome contains ~147 bp of DNA wrapped ~1.7 times around a central core histone octamer. The linker histone, H1, binds both to the nucleosome, sealing the DNA coils, and to the linker DNA between nucleosomes, directing chromatin folding. Micrococcal nuclease (MNase) digests the linker to yield the chromatosome, containing H1 and ~160 bp, and then converts it to a core particle, containing ~147 bp and no H1. Sequencing of nucleosomal DNA obtained after MNase digestion (MNase-seq) generates genome-wide nucleosome maps that are important for understanding gene regulation. We present an improved MNase-seq method involving simultaneous digestion with exonuclease III, which removes linker DNA. Remarkably, we discovered two novel intermediate particles containing 154 or 161 bp, corresponding to 7 bp protruding from one or both sides of the nucleosome core. These particles are detected in yeast lacking H1 and in H1-depleted mouse chromatin. They can be reconstituted in vitro using purified core histones and DNA. We propose that these "proto-chromatosomes" are fundamental chromatin subunits, which include the H1 binding site and influence nucleosome spacing independently of H1.

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