Identification of RAC1 in Promoting Brain Metastasis of Lung Adenocarcinoma using Single-cell Transcriptome Sequencing
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA814493 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Brain metastases are common in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients, and by far, the metastasis mechanisms are not fully understood. We performed a comprehensive single-cell level transcriptomic analysis on one LUAD patient with CTC, primary tumor tissue and metastatic tumor tissue using scRNA-seq approach to identify metastasis related biomarkers. Further scRNA-seq were performed on 7 patients to validate the cancer metastatic hallmark. with single cells collected from either metastatic or primary LUAD tissues. we obtained a more comprehensive picture over lung cancer metastasis in the single-cell level, giving a new perspective to the role of RAC1 in the LUAD brain metastasis, and related pathways to participate in the metastasis process.
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Project description:Metastasis is the key cause of failure of cancer therapy or mortality, but targeting metastatic seeding and colonization remains an unresolved challenge. Here, we report a novel molecular event in cancer metastasis mediated by NSD2/Rac1 signaling and provide a detailed mechanistic investigation of cancer metastasis. We found that NSD2, a histone methyltransferase responsible for di-methylating histone 3 at lysine 36, was overexpressed in metastatic tumors, and overexpressed NSD2 enhanced tumor metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. We further investigated that NSD2 promoted tumor metastasis by activating the Rac1 signaling pathway. Mechanistically, NSD2 methylated Tiam1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that facilitates GDP-Rac1 to GTP-Rac1 transition at K724. We demonstrated that Tiam1 K724 methylation plays a crucial role in Tiam1 activation and GDP-Rac1 to GTP-Rac1 transition. Specifically, we identified that Tiam1 K724 methylation could be a predictive factor in cancer prognosis, and we demonstrated that pharmacological blocking of Tiam1 K724 methylation by employing a transmembrane peptide inhibited tumor metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, NSD2-methylated Tiam1 promoted Rac1 signaling activation and cancer metastasis, which might provide novel insights into tumor metastasis inhibition.
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Project description:Metastasis is the key cause of failure of cancer therapy or mortality, but targeting metastatic seeding and colonization remains an unresolved challenge. Here, we report a novel molecular event in cancer metastasis mediated by NSD2/Rac1 signaling and provide a detailed mechanistic investigation of cancer metastasis. We found that NSD2, a histone methyltransferase responsible for di-methylating histone 3 at lysine 36, was overexpressed in metastatic tumors, and overexpressed NSD2 enhanced tumor metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. We further investigated that NSD2 promoted tumor metastasis by activating the Rac1 signaling pathway. Mechanistically, NSD2 methylated Tiam1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that facilitates GDP-Rac1 to GTP-Rac1 transition at K724. We demonstrated that Tiam1 K724 methylation plays a crucial role in Tiam1 activation and GDP-Rac1 to GTP-Rac1 transition. Specifically, we identified that Tiam1 K724 methylation could be a predictive factor in cancer prognosis, and we demonstrated that pharmacological blocking of Tiam1 K724 methylation by employing a transmembrane peptide inhibited tumor metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, NSD2-methylated Tiam1 promoted Rac1 signaling activation and cancer metastasis, which might provide novel insights into tumor metastasis inhibition.
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Project description:Microarray analysis of 28 brain metastasis samples from lung adenocarcinoma patients. 28 brain metastasis samples: 19 from Marc Ladanyi 9 from William L. Gerald
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Project description:Microarray analysis of 28 brain metastasis samples from lung adenocarcinoma patients.
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Project description:Transcriptomic profiling of Lung adenocarcinoma brain metastasis
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Project description:Brain metastasis developed in nearly 40% of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients diagnosed with distant metastasis. There is lack of transcriptomic data of brain lesions from human lung adenocarcinoma patients. As part of the project to understanding the tumor microenvironment in brain metastasis of LUAD patients, we performed bulk RNA analysis on brain metastases from 6 LUAD patients. In order to understand the tumor intrinsic factors that potential shape the tumor microenvironment, we compared these data with bulk RNA sequencing data from 14 early stage and 11 late stage primary LUAD tumor from TCGA database. Pathway expression analysis showed a downregulation of pro-inflammatory signals in brain metastasis and upregulation of DNA synthesis and oxidative phosphorylation pathways related to rapid proliferation in brain lesions.
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Project description:Growing evidence suggests that cisplatin and other chemotherapeutic agents promote tumor me-tastasis while inhibiting tumor growth, which is a critical issue in clinical practices. However, the role of chemotherapeutics in promoting tumor metastasis and the molecular mechanism involved are unclear. Here, we investigated the roles of cisplatin in promoting tumor metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). We demonstrated that cisplatin promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell motility, and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. The bioinformatic analysis and molecular biology approaches also indicated that DCBLD2 is a key gene that mediates cispla-tin-induced metastasis. DCBLD2 stabilizes β-catenin by phosphorylating GSK3β and transporting accumulated β-catenin to the nucleus to promote the expression of EMT-related transcriptional factors (TFs), ultimately resulting in tumor metastasis. We also identified that cisplatin aggravated DCBLD2 expression by phosphorylating ERK and hence the AP-1-driven transcription of DCBLD2. Furthermore, DCBLD2-specific siRNAs encapsulated by nanocarriers prominently in-hibits cisplatin-induced metastasis in vivo. Therefore, DCBLD2 plays a key role in cispla-tin-induced metastasis in LUAD and is a potential target for preventing chemotherapy-induced metastasis in vivo.
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Project description:Exclusion of cancer patients with brain metastases from clinical trials is a major cause of the limited therapeutic options available for secondary brain tumors. Here, we report a novel drug-screening platform (METPlatform) based on organotypic cultures that allows identifying anti-metastatic compounds in a preparation that includes the tumor microenvironment. By applying this approach to brain metastasis, we identified HSP90 as a promising therapeutic target. A blood-brain barrier permeable HSP90 inhibitor showed high potency against mouse and human brain metastases from melanoma, lung and breast adenocarcinoma with distinct oncogenomic profiles at clinically relevant stages of the disease, including a novel model of local relapse after neurosurgery. Furthermore, in situ proteomic analysis of brain metastases treated with the chaperone inhibitor revealed non-canonical clients of HSP90 as potential novel mediators of brain metastasis and actionable mechanisms of resistance driven by autophagy. Our work validates METPlatform as a potent resource for metastasis research integrating drug-screening and unbiased omic approaches that is fully compatible with human samples. We envision that METPlatform could be established as a clinically relevant strategy to personalize the management of metastatic disease in the brain and elsewhere.
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