Deletion of thioredoxin reductase disrupts redox homeostasis and impairs β-cell function
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA827778 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated as mediators of pancreatic β-cell damage. While β-cells are thought to be vulnerable to oxidative damage, we have shown, using inhibitors and acute depletions, that thioredoxin reductase, thioredoxin, and peroxiredoxins are the primary mediators of antioxidant defense in β-cells. However, the role of this antioxidant cycle in maintaining redox homeostasis and β-cell survival in vivo remains unclear. Here, we generated mice with a β-cell specific knockout of thioredoxin reductase 1 (Txnrd1.fl/fl; Ins1.Cre/+, βKO). Despite blunted glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, knockout mice maintain normal whole body glucose homeostasis. Unlike pancreatic islets with acute Txnrd1 inhibition, βKO islets do not demonstrate increased sensitivity to continuous ROS. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that Txnrd1-deficient β-cells have increased expression of Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-regulated genes, and altered expression of genes involved in heme and glutathione metabolism, suggesting an adaptive response. Txnrd1-deficient β-cells also have decreased expression of factors controlling β-cell function and identity which may explain the mild functional impairment. Together, these results suggest that Txnrd1-knockout β-cells compensate for loss of this essential antioxidant pathway by increasing expression of Nrf2-regulated antioxidant genes, allowing for protection from excess ROS at the expense of normal β-cell function and identity.
2022-07-05 | GSE200965 | GEO
Project description:The involvement the thioredoxin system in radiation resistance was investigated in human lung cancer cells by a combination of ionizing radiation and specific thioredoxin reductase-inhibition by a phosphine gold compound. Gene expression profiles (Human Gene 1.0 ST) of lung cancer cells subjected to ionizing radiation and/or inhibition of thioredoxin reductase were studied. Data analyses were performed using the Affymetrix GeneChip Operating Software (GCOS) Version 1.4.
2010-12-03 | E-GEOD-25814 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The involvement the thioredoxin system in radiation resistance was investigated in human lung cancer cells by a combination of ionizing radiation and specific thioredoxin reductase-inhibition by a phosphine gold compound.
2010-12-03 | GSE25814 | GEO
Project description:Transcriptomic study of a thioredoxin reductase knock-out mutant.<br> <br> Biological question :<br> Thioredoxins are small redox proteins implicated in crucial pathways of cell life. They are reduced by a conserved flavoprotein named NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase (NTR). In order to give an insight into the functions of the NTR/thioredoxin pathway in Arabidopsis, we have used a reverse genetic approch. Both NTR genes (NTRA and NTRB) have been inactivated in the double ntra ntrb mutant. T-DNA lines have been provided by the SALK library. Surprisingly, this mutant shows a limited phenotype suggested that some additional redox pathways are involved in compensating the inactivation of the NTR/thioredoxin pathway. In order to isolate compensatory genes that would be transcriptionally induced in the ntra ntrb mutant, we have performed this CATMA project.<br> <br> Seeds of the wild-type Col-0 ecotype and of the ntra ntrb homozygote double mutant were sowed in soil. Three replicates of lines were made (Col-0 1, 2 and 3 ntra ntrb 1, 2 and 3) : plants were put at different places of the greenhouse and grown at different times. Germination was synchronized by 4 days at 4C and plants were grown during 17 days, until they reached a 6 rosette leaves stage. Entire plants (30 plants per sample) were harvested, frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -80C until extraction.<br> <br>
2005-09-15 | E-MEXP-365 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The Saccharomyces cerevisiae Yap1p transcription factor is required for the H2O2-dependent activation of many antioxidant genes including the TRX2 gene encoding thioredoxin 2. To identify factors that regulate Yap1p activity, we carried out a genetic screen for mutants that show elevated expression of a TRX2-HIS3 fusion in the absence of H2O2. Two independent mutants isolated in this screen carried mutations in the TRR1 gene encoding thioredoxin reductase. Northern blot and whole-genome expression analysis revealed that the basal expression of most Yap1p targets and many other H2O2-inducible genes is elevated in Deltatrr1 mutants in the absence of external stress. In Deltatrr1 mutants treated with H2O2, the Yap1p targets, as well as genes comprising a general environmental stress response and genes encoding protein-folding chaperones, are hyperinduced. However, despite the elevated expression of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes, Deltatrr1 mutants are extremely sensitive to H2O2. The results suggest that cells lacking thioredoxin reductase have diminished capacity to detoxify oxidants and/or to repair oxidative stress-induced damage and that the thioredoxin system is involved in the redox regulation of Yap1p transcriptional activity.
2005-06-30 | E-SMDB-2716 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The Saccharomyces cerevisiae Yap1p transcription factor is required for the H2O2-dependent activation of many antioxidant genes including the TRX2 gene encoding thioredoxin 2. To identify factors that regulate Yap1p activity, we carried out a genetic screen for mutants that show elevated expression of a TRX2-HIS3 fusion in the absence of H2O2. Two independent mutants isolated in this screen carried mutations in the TRR1 gene encoding thioredoxin reductase. Northern blot and whole-genome expression analysis revealed that the basal expression of most Yap1p targets and many other H2O2-inducible genes is elevated in Deltatrr1 mutants in the absence of external stress. In Deltatrr1 mutants treated with H2O2, the Yap1p targets, as well as genes comprising a general environmental stress response and genes encoding protein-folding chaperones, are hyperinduced. However, despite the elevated expression of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes, Deltatrr1 mutants are extremely sensitive to H2O2. The results suggest that cells lacking thioredoxin reductase have diminished capacity to detoxify oxidants and/or to repair oxidative stress-induced damage and that the thioredoxin system is involved in the redox regulation of Yap1p transcriptional activity. Groups of assays that are related as part of a time series. Using regression correlation
2005-07-22 | E-GEOD-2977 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The Saccharomyces cerevisiae Yap1p transcription factor is required for the H2O2-dependent activation of many antioxidant genes including the TRX2 gene encoding thioredoxin 2. To identify factors that regulate Yap1p activity, we carried out a genetic screen for mutants that show elevated expression of a TRX2-HIS3 fusion in the absence of H2O2. Two independent mutants isolated in this screen carried mutations in the TRR1 gene encoding thioredoxin reductase. Northern blot and whole-genome expression analysis revealed that the basal expression of most Yap1p targets and many other H2O2-inducible genes is elevated in Deltatrr1 mutants in the absence of external stress. In Deltatrr1 mutants treated with H2O2, the Yap1p targets, as well as genes comprising a general environmental stress response and genes encoding protein-folding chaperones, are hyperinduced. However, despite the elevated expression of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes, Deltatrr1 mutants are extremely sensitive to H2O2. The results suggest that cells lacking thioredoxin reductase have diminished capacity to detoxify oxidants and/or to repair oxidative stress-induced damage and that the thioredoxin system is involved in the redox regulation of Yap1p transcriptional activity. Groups of assays that are related as part of a time series. Keywords: time_series_design
2005-07-22 | GSE2977 | GEO
Project description:rs04-02_ntr - ntr - Thioredoxins are small redox proteins implicated in crucial pathways of cell life. They are reduced by a conserved flavoprotein named NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase (NTR). In order to give an insight into the functions of the NTR/thioredoxin pathway in Arabidopsis, we have used a reverse genetic approch. Both NTR genes (NTRA and NTRB) have been inactivated in the double ntra ntrb mutant. T-DNA lines have been provided by the SALK library. Surprisingly, this mutant shows a limited phenotype suggested that some additional redox pathways are involved in compensating the inactivation of the NTR/thioredoxin pathway. In order to isolate compensatory genes that would be transcriptionally induced in the ntra ntrb mutant, we have performed this CATMA project. - Comparison of the transcript profile of the ntra ntrb knock-out mutant vs Col-0 wild-type ecotype. Seeds of the wild-type Col-0 ecotype and of the ntra ntrb homozygote double mutant were sowed in soil. Three replicates of lines were made (Col-0 1, 2 and 3 ntra ntrb 1, 2 and 3) : plants were put at different places of the greenhouse and grown at different times. Germination was synchronized by 4 days at 4degreeC and plants were grown during 17 days, until they reached a 6 rosette leaves stage. Entire plants (30 plants per sample) were harvested, frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at 80degreeC until extraction. Keywords: gene knock out,wt vs mutant comparison 3 dye-swap - CATMA arrays
2007-06-19 | E-GEOD-7998 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:rs04-02_ntr - ntr - Thioredoxins are small redox proteins implicated in crucial pathways of cell life. They are reduced by a conserved flavoprotein named NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase (NTR). In order to give an insight into the functions of the NTR/thioredoxin pathway in Arabidopsis, we have used a reverse genetic approch. Both NTR genes (NTRA and NTRB) have been inactivated in the double ntra ntrb mutant. T-DNA lines have been provided by the SALK library. Surprisingly, this mutant shows a limited phenotype suggested that some additional redox pathways are involved in compensating the inactivation of the NTR/thioredoxin pathway. In order to isolate compensatory genes that would be transcriptionally induced in the ntra ntrb mutant, we have performed this CATMA project. - Comparison of the transcript profile of the ntra ntrb knock-out mutant vs Col-0 wild-type ecotype. Seeds of the wild-type Col-0 ecotype and of the ntra ntrb homozygote double mutant were sowed in soil. Three replicates of lines were made (Col-0 1, 2 and 3 ntra ntrb 1, 2 and 3) : plants were put at different places of the greenhouse and grown at different times. Germination was synchronized by 4 days at 4degreeC and plants were grown during 17 days, until they reached a 6 rosette leaves stage. Entire plants (30 plants per sample) were harvested, frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at 80degreeC until extraction. Keywords: gene knock out,wt vs mutant comparison
2007-06-20 | GSE7998 | GEO
Project description:Genetic disruption of thioredoxin reductase 1 protects against acetaminophen (APAP) toxicity. To determine the role of the thioredoxin system on xenobiotic metabolism we challeneged wildtype and txnrd1liver-null mice with acetaminophen.
2013-06-08 | GSE37874 | GEO