Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA833449 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Similar Datasets
Project description:Inborn errors of human IFN-γ immunity underlie mycobacterial diseases, whereas inborn errors of IFN-a/b immunity underlie viral diseases. Both types of IFNs induce the transcription factor IRF1. We describe two unrelated children with inherited complete IRF1 deficiency and early-onset, multiple, life-threatening diseases caused by weakly virulent mycobacteria. These children have no history of severe viral disease, despite exposure to many viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, which is life-threatening in individuals with impaired IFN-a/b immunity. The IRF1-dependent cellular responses to IFN-γ are, both quantitatively and qualitatively, much greater than those to IFN-a/b in vitro. Monocyte- and iPSC-derived macrophages from the two patients show no upregulation of at least 20% of the target genes normally induced by IFN-γ. By contrast, cell-intrinsic IFN-a/b immunity to diverse viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, is intact. Human IRF1 is, thus, largely redundant for antiviral IFN-a/b immunity. By contrast, human IRF1 is essential for IFN-γ immunity to mycobacteria in myeloid cells.
2023-01-19 | PXD037759 | Pride
Project description:Inborn errors of human IFN-γ immunity underlie mycobacterial diseases, whereas inborn errors of IFN-/ immunity underlie viral diseases. Both types of IFNs induce the transcription factor IRF1. We describe two unrelated children with inherited complete IRF1 deficiency and early-onset, multiple, life-threatening diseases caused by weakly virulent mycobacteria. These children have no history of severe viral disease, despite exposure to many viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, which is life-threatening in individuals with impaired IFN-/ immunity. The IRF1-dependent cellular responses to IFN-γ are, both quantitatively and qualitatively, much greater than those to IFN-/ in vitro. Monocyte- and iPSC-derived macrophages from the two patients show no upregulation of at least 20% of the target genes normally induced by IFN-γ. By contrast, cell-intrinsic IFN-/ immunity to diverse viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, is intact. Human IRF1 is, thus, largely redundant for antiviral IFN-/ immunity. By contrast, human IRF1 is essential for IFN-γ immunity to mycobacteria in myeloid cells.
2023-01-12 | GSE218033 | GEO
Project description:Inborn errors of human IFN-γ immunity underlie mycobacterial diseases, while inborn errors of IFN-a/b immunity underlie viral diseases. Both types of IFNs induce the transcription factor IRF1. We describe two unrelated children with inherited complete IRF1 deficiency and early-onset, multiple, life-threatening diseases caused by weakly virulent mycobacteria. They have no history of severe viral disease, despite exposure to many viruses, including SARS-CoV-2 that is life-threatening in individuals with deficient IFN-a/b. There is a much greater IRF1-dependent response to IFN-γ than IFN-a/b in vitro, both quantitatively and qualitatively. Monocyte-derived macrophages and iPSC-derived macrophages of both patients do not upregulate at least 40% of target genes normally induced by IFN-γ. In contrast, cell-intrinsic IFN-a/b immunity to a wide range of viruses, including HIV and SARS-CoV-2, is maintained. Human IRF1 is thus largely redundant for antiviral IFN-a/b immunity across cell types. By contrast, human IRF1 is essential for IFN-γ immunity to mycobacteria in mononuclear myeloid cells.
2023-01-12 | GSE216488 | GEO
Project description:Inborn errors of human IFN-γ immunity underlie mycobacterial diseases, while inborn errors of IFN-a/b immunity underlie viral diseases. Both types of IFNs induce the transcription factor IRF1. We describe two unrelated children with inherited complete IRF1 deficiency and early-onset, multiple, life-threatening diseases caused by weakly virulent mycobacteria. They have no history of severe viral disease, despite exposure to many viruses, including SARS-CoV-2 that is life-threatening in individuals with deficient IFN-a/b. There is a much greater IRF1-dependent response to IFN-γ than IFN-a/b in vitro, both quantitatively and qualitatively. Monocyte-derived macrophages and iPSC-derived macrophages of both patients do not upregulate at least 40% of target genes normally induced by IFN-γ. In contrast, cell-intrinsic IFN-a/b immunity to a wide range of viruses, including HIV and SARS-CoV-2, is maintained. Human IRF1 is thus largely redundant for antiviral IFN-a/b immunity across cell types. By contrast, human IRF1 is essential for IFN-γ immunity to mycobacteria in mononuclear myeloid cells.
2023-01-12 | GSE216486 | GEO
Project description:Inborn errors of human IFN-γ-dependent macrophagic immunity underlie mycobacterial diseases, whereas inborn errors of IFN-α/β-dependent intrinsic immunity underlie viral diseases. Both types of IFNs induce the transcription factor IRF1. We describe unrelated children with inherited complete IRF1 deficiency and early-onset, multiple, life-threatening diseases caused by weakly virulent mycobacteria and related intramacrophagic pathogens. These children have no history of severe viral disease, despite exposure to many viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, which is life-threatening in individuals with impaired IFN-α/β immunity. In leukocytes or fibroblasts stimulated in vitro, IRF1-dependent responses to IFN-γ are, both quantitatively and qualitatively, much stronger than those to IFN-α/β. Moreover, IRF1-deficient mononuclear phagocytes do not control mycobacteria and related pathogens normally when stimulated with IFN-γ. By contrast, IFN-α/β-dependent intrinsic immunity to nine viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, is almost normal in IRF1-deficient fibroblasts. Human IRF1 is essential for IFN-γ-dependent macrophagic immunity to mycobacteria, but largely redundant for IFN-α/β-dependent antiviral immunity.
2023-05-12 | GSE203220 | GEO
Project description:Type I interferons (IFN-I) exert pleiotropic biological effects during viral infections, balancing virus control versus immune-mediated pathologies and have been successfully employed for the treatment of viral diseases. Humans express twelve IFN-alpha (α) subtypes, which activate downstream signalling cascades and result in distinct patterns of immune responses and differential antiviral responses. Inborn errors in type I IFN immunity and the presence of anti- IFN autoantibodies account for very severe courses of COVID-19, therefore, early administration of type I IFNs may be protective against life-threatening disease. Here we comprehensively analysed the antiviral activity of all IFNα subtypes against SARS-CoV-2 to identify the underlying immune signatures and explore their therapeutic potential. Prophylaxis of primary human airway epithelial cells (hAEC) with different IFNα subtypes during SARS-CoV-2 infection uncovered distinct functional classes with high, intermediate and low antiviral IFNs. In particular IFNα5 showed superior antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Dose-dependency studies further displayed additive effects upon co-administered with the broad antiviral drug remdesivir in cell culture. Transcriptomics of IFN-treated hAEC revealed different transcriptional signatures, uncovering distinct, intersecting and prototypical genes of individual IFNα subtypes. Global proteomic analyses systematically assessed the abundance of specific antiviral key effector molecules which are involved in type I IFN signalling pathways, negative regulation of viral processes and immune effector processes for the potent antiviral IFNα5. Taken together, our data provide a systemic, multi-modular definition of antiviral host responses mediated by defined type I IFNs. This knowledge shall support the development of novel therapeutic approaches against SARS-CoV-2.
2022-02-09 | PXD026079 | Pride
Project description:Autosomal inborn errors of type I IFN immunity and autoantibodies against these cytokines underlie at least 10% of critical COVID-19 pneumonia cases. We report very rare, biochemically deleterious X-linked TLR7 variants in 16 unrelated male individuals aged 7 to 71 years (mean: 36.7 years) from a cohort of 1,202 male patients aged 0.5 to 99 years (mean: 52.9 years) with unexplained critical COVID-19 pneumonia. None of the 331 asymptomatically or mildly infected male individuals aged 1.3 to 102 years (mean: 38.7 years) tested carry such TLR7 variants (p = 3.5 x 10-5). The phenotypes of five hemizygous relatives of index cases infected with SARS-CoV-2 include asymptomatic or mild infection (n=2, 5 and 38 years), or moderate (n=1, 5 years), severe (n=1, 27 years), or critical (n=1, 29 years) pneumonia. Two boys (aged 7 and 12 years) from a cohort of 262 male patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia (mean: 51.0 years) are hemizygous for a deleterious TLR7 variant. The cumulative allele frequency for deleterious TLR7 variants in the male general population is < 6.5x10-4. We also show that blood B-cell lines and myeloid cell subsets from the patients do not respond to TLR7 stimulation, a phenotype rescued by wild-type TLR7. The patients’ blood plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) produce low levels of type I IFNs in response to SARS-CoV-2. Overall, X-linked recessive TLR7 deficiency is a highly penetrant genetic etiology of critical COVID-19 pneumonia, in about 1.8% of male patients below the age of 60 years. Human TLR7 and pDCs are essential for protective type I IFN immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in the respiratory tract.
2021-08-11 | GSE181787 | GEO
Project description:The COVID-19 is a mild to moderate respiratory tract infection in the majority, but also can cause life-threatening respiratory failure or persistent debilitating symptoms in a subset of patients. However, the mechanism of protective immunity in mild cases and the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 remain unclear. On the other hand, it has been proposed that the potent anti-inflammatory effects of corticosteroids are beneficial to decrease the fatality rate in severe COVID-19 patients but its specific mechanism is still in debate.
2023-03-24 | GSE188172 | GEO
Project description:Life-threatening pulmonary influenza can be caused by inborn errors of type I and III IFN immunity. We report a 5 year-old child with severe pulmonary influenza at 2 years. She is homozygous for a loss-of-function IRF9 allele. Her cells activate gamma-activated factor (GAF) STAT1 homodimers but not interferon-stimulated gene factor 3 (ISGF3) trimers (STAT1/STAT2/IRF9) in response to IFN-α2b. The transcriptome induced by IFN-α2b in the patient’s cells is much narrower than that of control cells; however, induction of a subset of interferon-stimulated gene transcripts remains detectable. In vitro, the patient’s cells do not control three respiratory viruses, influenza A virus (IAV), parainfluenza virus, and respiratory syncytial virus. These phenotypes are rescued by wild-type IRF9, whereas silencing IRF9 expression in control cells increases viral replication. However, the child has controlled various common viruses in vivo, including respiratory viruses other than IAV. Our findings show that human IRF9- and ISGF3-dependent type I and III IFN responsive pathways are essential for controlling IAV.
2018-08-06 | GSE117637 | GEO
Project description:<p>We studied a child with life-threatening and recurrent respiratory tract infections, caused by multiple viruses including rhinovirus, influenza virus, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). We identified in her a homozygous missense mutation in IFIH1 that encodes MDA5 by Whole Exome Sequencing. MDA5-deficiency is a novel inborn error of innate immunity that results in impaired dsRNA-sensing, reduced IFN induction, and susceptibility to the common cold virus.</p>
| phs001235 | dbGaP