Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE24037: Salivary cytokine alterations in HIV infection part 1 GSE24064: Salivary cytokine alterations in HIV infection part 2 Refer to individual Series
Project description:Parkinson disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the accumulation of alpha-synuclein (SNCA) and other proteins in aggregates termed âLewy Bodiesâ within neurons. PD has both genetic and environmental risk factors, and while processes leading to aberrant protein aggregation are unknown, past work points to abnormal levels of SNCA and other proteins. Although several genome-wide studies have been performed for PD, these have focused on DNA sequence variants by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and on RNA levels (microarray transcriptomics), while genome-wide proteomics analysis has been lacking. After appropriate filters, proteomics identified 3,558 unique proteins and 283 of these (7.9%) were significantly different between PD and controls (q-value<0.05). RNA-sequencing identified 17,580 protein-coding genes and 1,095 of these (6.2%) were significantly different (FDR p-value<0.05), but only 166 of the FDR significant protein-coding genes (0.94%) were present among the 3,558 proteins characterized. Of these 166, eight genes (4.8%) were significant in both studies, with the same direction of effect. Functional enrichment analysis of the proteomics results strongly supports mitochondrial-related pathways, while comparable analysis of the RNA-sequencing results implicates protein folding pathways and metallothioneins. Ten of the implicated genes or proteins co-localized to GWAS loci. Evidence implicating SNCA was stronger in proteomics than in RNA-sequencing analyses. Notably, differentially expressed protein-coding genes were more likely to not be characterized in the proteomics analysis, which lessens the ability to compare across platforms. Combining multiple genome-wide platforms offers novel insights into the pathological processes responsible for this disease by identifying pathways implicated across methodologies. The study consists of mRNA-Seq (29 PD, 44 neurologically normal controls) and three-stage Mass Spectrometry Tandem Mass Tag Proteomics (12 PD, 12 neurologically normal controls) performed in post-mortem BA9 brain tissue. The proteomics samples are a subset of the RNA-Seq samples.
Project description:HEK293T cells were treated with pervanadate for 0, 5 or 15 minutes to evaluate the effects on the phosphorylation and cysteine oxidation status across the proteome. Samples were labelled withTMT 18plex and C6-CPT/CysPAT labelling was used to allow the simultaneous enrichment of both the phosphoproteome and total vs. oxidised cysteine proteome.
Project description:Understanding pathogen recognition and mechanisms in Atlantic cod are of significant importance for both basic research on wild populations and health management in aquaculture. A microarray approach was utilized to search for effects of viral (poly I:C/ polyinosinic acid:polycytidylic acid), bacterial (LPS/lipopolysaccharide) and polyclonal activator (PHA-L/phytohaemoagglutinin) stress in Atlantic cod head kidney cells. LPS cell activation increased mRNA expression of chemokine/Interleukin 8 (CXCL8/IL-8); interleukin -1? (IL-1?); cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2); leukocyte derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2); LOC100698154, encoding a protein with unknown function; carboxyl-esterase 2 (CES2) and environmental biomarker cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A). Mitogen activated protein kinase p38 (p38MAPK) and cathepsin F (CTSF) were downregulated by LPS. The antiviral responses induced by double stranded RNA (Poly I:C) clearly increased transcription of Toll like receptor 3 (TLR3) and interferon stimulating gene 15 (ISG15). The PHA response seemed to be more non-specific. Special for the PHA induction were the increase in Major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI). CC chemokine type 2 (CK2) mRNA expression was increased by PHA, LPS and poly I:C, while p38MAPK and LECT2 was downregulated by PHA. Oxidative stress related genes like catalase and glutaredoxin (GLRX2) and the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 showed no transcriptional changes compared to control in any of the treatments. Especially Poly I:C, but also LPS, induced leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and leukotriene B5 (LTB5) synthesis, while small amounts of prostaglandine E2 (PGE2) seemed to be constitutively produced in untreated cells, a production that was slightly elevated when exposing cells for LPS. This study reveals distinct signatures of bacteria and virus transcriptional responses in cod head kidney cells. In addition, the novel finding that Cyp1a was upregulated during the antibacterial response indicates a connection between immunity and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation in Atlantic cod.
Project description:The one-humped Arabian camel (Camelus dromedarius) is the most important livestock animal in arid and semi-arid regions and continues to provide basic necessities to millions of people. In the current context of global warming, there is renewed interest in the adaptive mechanisms that enable camelids to survive in arid conditions. Recent investigations described genomic signatures that revealed evolutionary adaptations to desert environments. We now present a comprehensive catalogue of the transcriptomes and proteomes of the dromedary kidney and describe how the gene expression profiles of Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) are modulated as a consequence of chronic dehydration and subsequent acute rehydration. We performed RNAseq and quantification of peptides in samples from 15 dromedaries (5 controls, 5 dehydrated and 5 rehydrated). Gene Ontology analyses suggested an enrichment of the cholesterol biosynthetic process and an overrepresentation of categories related to “ion transmembrane transport” in the camel kidney, and RTN analyses confirmed alterations in the transcriptional machinery involved in cholesterol synthesis. These data were validated by RT-qPCR. Based on our hypothesis of a role for cholesterol during dehydration, we identified DEGs with roles in the countercurrent multiplication process which are affected by changes in the level of cholesterol. Thus, we further validated 3 genes coding for ion transporting proteins (KCNJ8, SLC9A7 and ATP1B3) and AQP2, which were upregulated during dehydration. Our datasets suggest that suppression of cholesterol biosynthesis may facilitate water retention in the kidney of the dromedary by indirectly enhancing the osmotic gradient along the medullary interstitium and the AQP2-mediated water reabsorption.
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE18023: Mice with FIA develop anti-native and anti-in vitro citrullinated fibrinogen antibodies GSE18024: FIA plasma induces arthritis in naïve mice GSE18025: Fibrinogen-reactive T cells transfer disease to naïve mice Refer to individual Series