Active DNA demethylation during the vertebrate phylotypic period
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT: The vertebrate body plan and organs are shaped during a highly conserved embryonic phase called the phylotypic stage, however the mechanisms that guide the epigenome through this transition and their evolutionary conservation remain elusive. Here we report widespread DNA demethylation of thousands of enhancers during the phylotypic period in zebrafish, Xenopus and mouse. These dynamic enhancers are linked to essential developmental genes that display coordinated transcriptional and epigenomic changes in the diverse vertebrates during embryogenesis. Phylotypic stage-specific binding of Tet proteins to (hydroxy)methylated DNA, and enrichment of hydroxymethylcytosine on these enhancers, implicated active DNA demethylation in this process. Furthermore, loss of function of Tet1/2/3 in zebrafish caused reduced chromatin accessibility and increased methylation levels specifically on these enhancers, indicative of DNA methylation being an upstream regulator of phylotypic enhancer function. Overall, our study reveals a novel regulatory module associated with the most conserved phase of vertebrate embryogenesis and uncovers an ancient developmental role for the Tet dioxygenases.
INSTRUMENT(S):
ORGANISM(S): Danio Rerio (zebrafish) (brachydanio Rerio)
TISSUE(S): Whole Body
SUBMITTER: 
A.H. Smits
LAB HEAD: Michiel Vermeulen
PROVIDER: PXD001164 | Pride | 2016-01-27
REPOSITORIES: Pride
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