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Interclonal proteomic responses to predator exposure in Daphnia magna may depend on predator composition of habitats

ABSTRACT: Phenotypic plasticity, the ability of one genotype to express different phenotypes in response to changing environmental conditions, is one of the most common phenomena characterising the living world and is not only relevant for the ecology but also for the evolution of species. Daphnia, the waterflea, is a textbook example for predator induced phenotypic plastic defences including changes in life-history, behaviour and morphology. However, the analysis of molecular mechanisms underlying these inducible defences is still in its early stages.

We exposed Daphnia magna to chemical cues of the predator Triops cancriformis to identify key processes underlying plastic defensive trait formation. D. magna is known to develop an array of morphological changes in the presence of T. cancriformis including changes of carapace morphology and cuticle hardening. To get a more comprehensive idea of this phenomenon, we studied four different genotypes originating from habitats with different predation history, reaching from predator-free to temporary habitats containing T. cancriformis.

We analysed the morphologies as well as proteomes of predator-exposed and control animals. Three genotypes showed morphological changes when the predator was present. Using a high-throughput proteomics approach, we found 294 proteins which were significantly altered in their abundance after predator exposure in a general or genotype dependant manner. Proteins connected to genotype dependant responses were related to the cuticle, protein synthesis and calcium binding whereas the yolk protein vitellogenin increased in abundance in all genotypes, indicating their involvement in a more general response. Furthermore, genotype dependant responses at the proteome level correlated well with local adaptation to Triops predation.

Altogether, our study provides new insights concerning genotype dependant and general molecular processes involved in predator-induced phenotypic plasticity in D. magna.

INSTRUMENT(S): LTQ Orbitrap

ORGANISM(S): Daphnia (common Water Fleas)

TISSUE(S): Whole Body

SUBMITTER: Kathrin Otte

LAB HEAD: Christian Laforsch

PROVIDER: PXD001787 | Pride | 2015-07-03

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Interclonal proteomic responses to predator exposure in Daphnia magna may depend on predator composition of habitats.

Otte Kathrin A KA Schrank Isabella I Fröhlich Thomas T Arnold Georg J GJ Laforsch Christian C

Molecular ecology 20150720 15

Phenotypic plasticity, the ability of one genotype to express different phenotypes in response to changing environmental conditions, is one of the most common phenomena characterizing the living world and is not only relevant for the ecology but also for the evolution of species. Daphnia, the water flea, is a textbook example for predator-induced phenotypic plastic defences; however, the analysis of molecular mechanisms underlying these inducible defences is still in its early stages. We exposed ...[more]

PMID: 26111196

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Project description:The investigation contains two sets of experiment. Set I. Transcriptional profiling of salt treated WT A. thaliana (WS ecotype) (100mM NaCl WT/0mM NaCl WT): Set II. Transcriptional profiling of salt treated ABR17- A. thaliana lines (100mM NaCl ABR17/0mM NaCl ABR17). Tissue for microarray analysis was obtained by placing surface sterilized seeds of A. thaliana (line 6.9) and the WT on half strength Murashige & Skoog (MS)(Murashige and Skoog, 1962) medium (1.5% sucrose, 0.8% agar with pH 5.7) medium in Petri dishes with or without 100mM NaCl at RT (21 ± 2 °C) after surface sterilization. The seeds were surface sterilized by rinsing with 70% ethanol for one minute, incubation in 20% bleach for 15 min and subsequent washes (four times for 5min each) to remove the bleach. MS plates with the seeds were placed at RT (21 ± 2 °C) under continuous fluorescent light 30 ?mol m-2 s-1 for 14 days. Seedlings (14 day-old) from three independently grown biological replicates in two set of experiments were removed from the MS plates, flash frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at 80 °C until used for RNA extraction. Technical protocols for preparing the hybridization extract: 1. RNA was isolated using the QIAGEN RNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen Inc., Mississauga, ON, Canada) from two-week-old WT (grown on 0 and 100mMNaCl) and ABR17 (grown on 0 and 100mMNaCl) seedling tissue grown at three independent times (biological replicates). The integrity of all RNA samples assessed by agarose gel (1.2 percent) electrophoresis. 2. 6 ?g (Six micrograms) of total RNA was used to synthesize cDNAs using SuperScript® II RT (Invitrogen Inc., Burlington, ON, Canada) with RT polyA-capture primers in 3D Array 900TM (Genisphere Inc., Hatfield, PA, USA). Each pair of treated (100mM NaCl) and untreated (0mM NaCl) samples within each of the three biological replicates from two sets of experiments (100mM NaCl WT/0mM NaCl WT ; 100mM NaCl ABR17/0mM NaCl ABR17) was labelled in a reciprocal dye-swap design, for a total of 12 hybridizations. Note: In the transgenic plant production, the pea cDNA encoding for ABR17 was constitutively expressed under the control of Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Reference: Srivastava S., Rahman H., Shah S. and Kav N.N.V. Constitutive expression of pea ABA-responsive 17 (ABR17) cDNA confers multiple stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Biotechnology Journal (2006) 4, 529-549.

Dataset Information

Interclonal proteomic responses to predator exposure in Daphnia magna may depend on predator composition of habitats

Publications

Interclonal proteomic responses to predator exposure in Daphnia magna may depend on predator composition of habitats.

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