Dataset Information

TFIIIC dinamically binds Alu elements to control gene expression through chromatin looping

ABSTRACT: Folding of the mammalian genome is governed by architectural proteins, such asCTCF. TFIIIC, a RNA polymerase III transcription factor, has been identified as aninsulator but its role in genome topology is totally unknown. Here, we show that TFIIICestablishes long-range genomic interactions that affect gene expression. Upon serumstarvation (SS), TFIIIC occupancy increases at Alu elements (AEs) near promoters ofcell cycle-related genes. Bound AEs become H3K18 hyper-acetylated and fold tocontact distal pre-loaded CTCF sites near other cell cycle genes. The promoters ofthese genes also become hyper-acetylated ensuring their basal transcription during SSand their increased expression during serum re-exposure. Ablation of TFIIIC ordeletion of the TFIIIC-bound AE that loops to the G2/M cycling F (CCNF) locus affectsits expression and nuclear positioning. These results illustrate a novel function ofhuman TFIIIC in changing 3D genome topology through the epigenetic state of AEs.

INSTRUMENT(S): LTQ Orbitrap Velos

ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens (human)

TISSUE(S): Epithelial Cell, Cell Culture

DISEASE(S): Breast Cancer

SUBMITTER: Roberto Ferrari

LAB HEAD: Miguel Beato

PROVIDER: PXD011250 | Pride | 2020-05-26

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Publications

TFIIIC Binding to Alu Elements Controls Gene Expression via Chromatin Looping and Histone Acetylation.

Ferrari Roberto R de Llobet Cucalon Lara Isabel LI Di Vona Chiara C Le Dilly François F Vidal Enrique E Lioutas Antonios A Oliete Javier Quilez JQ Jochem Laura L Cutts Erin E Dieci Giorgio G Vannini Alessandro A Teichmann Martin M de la Luna Susana S Beato Miguel M

Molecular cell 20191120 3

How repetitive elements, epigenetic modifications, and architectural proteins interact ensuring proper genome expression remains poorly understood. Here, we report regulatory mechanisms unveiling a central role of Alu elements (AEs) and RNA polymerase III transcription factor C (TFIIIC) in structurally and functionally modulating the genome via chromatin looping and histone acetylation. Upon serum deprivation, a subset of AEs pre-marked by the activity-dependent neuroprotector homeobox Protein ( ...[more]

PMID: 31759822

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Project description:RNA polymerase (RNA Pol) III synthesizes the tRNAs, the 5S ribosomal RNA and a small number of untranslated RNAs. In vitro, it also transcribes short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs). We investigated the distribution of RNA Pol III and its associated transcription factors on the genome of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cell using a highly specific tandem ChIP-Seq method. Only a subset of the annotated class-III genes was bound and thus transcribed. A few hundred SINEs were associated with the RNA Pol III transcription machinery. We observed that RNA Pol III and its transcription factors were present at thirty unannotated sites on the mouse genome, only one of which was conserved in human. An RNA was associated with more than 80% of these regions. More than 2200 regions bound by TFIIIC transcription factor were devoid of RNA Pol III. These sites are correlated with association of CTCF and the cohesin. Cohesin has been shown to occupy sites bound by CTCF and to contribute to DNA loop formation associated with gene repression or activation. This observation suggests that TFIIIC may play a role in chromosome organization in mouse. We also investigated the genome-wide distribution of the ubiquitous TFIIS variant, TCEA1. We found that, as in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, TFIIS is associated with class III genes and also with SINEs suggesting that TFIIS is a RNA Pol III transcription factor in mammals. We performed ChIP-seq experiment on mouse ES cells, in order to analyse the distribution of the RNA Pol III, with two of its subunits, RPC1 and RPC4, of the two distinct forms of the transcription factor TFIIIB, with BRF1 and BRF2, respectively subunit of TFIIIB-beta, and TFIIIB-alpha form, and three subunits of the transcription factor TFIIIC, TFIIIC90, TFIIIC110, TFIIIC220. We also analysed the distribution of the RNA Pol II elongation factor TCEA1. We used tagged proteins, in order to develop a highly specific and generic ChIP-seq protocol. A sequence encoding a 6 histidine-Flag-HA tag was inserted just after the last codon of the gene encoding proteins of the RNA Pol III machinery subunits, or just after the start codon for TCEA1, using the recombineering technology. Untagged ES cell line was used as negative control for data processing. Our dataset comprises of ten ChIP-seq samples, eight from tagged proteins, two from untagged cell line.

Dataset Information

TFIIIC dinamically binds Alu elements to control gene expression through chromatin looping

Publications

TFIIIC Binding to Alu Elements Controls Gene Expression via Chromatin Looping and Histone Acetylation.

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