Proteomics

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A Pleistocene hominin enamel proteome from Homo antecessor


ABSTRACT: Hominin relationships and their dispersal throughout Eurasia during the Early and Middle Pleistocene are highly debated. The relationships between Early and Middle Pleistocene hominins, like Homo antecessor and Homo erectus, and hominin species that dominate the Late Pleistocene fossil record, like Homo sapiens, Neanderthals and Denisovans, are unclear. Here, we obtain enamel proteomes from Homo antecessor (Atapuerca, Spain) and Homo erectus (Dmanisi, Georgia), two key fossil assemblages that have a central role in models of Pleistocene hominin morphology, dispersal, and divergence. We recover endogenous ancient proteomes from the Atapuerca and Dmanisi hominins. In addition, our proteomic data indicates that the sampled Homo antecessor molar derives from a male hominin through amelogenin protein sexing. Our data includes preserved in vivo phosphorylation and enamel proteome proteolytic digestion.

INSTRUMENT(S): Orbitrap Fusion Lumos, Q Exactive HF-X, Q Exactive HF

ORGANISM(S): Homo

TISSUE(S): Dentin, Tooth, Tooth Enamel

SUBMITTER: Frido Welker  

LAB HEAD: Enrico Cappellini

PROVIDER: PXD014342 | Pride | 2020-04-02

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Publications


The phylogenetic relationships between hominins of the Early Pleistocene epoch in Eurasia, such as Homo antecessor, and hominins that appear later in the fossil record during the Middle Pleistocene epoch, such as Homo sapiens, are highly debated<sup>1-5</sup>. For the oldest remains, the molecular study of these relationships is hindered by the degradation of ancient DNA. However, recent research has demonstrated that the analysis of ancient proteins can address this challenge<sup>6-8</sup>. Her  ...[more]

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