Dataset Information

Activity-Dependent Mitochondrial Plasticity and Mitoproteome are Dysregulated in Fragile X Syndrome

ABSTRACT: We measure changes in the proteome after 48 hours of activity deprivation with tetrodotoxin (TTX) and the NMDA receptor antagonist (2R)-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (APV). We used wild type and FMRP mutant primary cortical neurons treated with vehicle or treated with TTX-APV.

INSTRUMENT(S): Orbitrap Fusion Lumos

ORGANISM(S): Mus Musculus (mouse)

TISSUE(S): Cell Culture

SUBMITTER: Victor Faundez

LAB HEAD: Victor Faundez

PROVIDER: PXD021473 | Pride | 2021-09-09

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Publications

FMRP attenuates activity dependent modifications in the mitochondrial proteome.

Bülow Pernille P Zlatic Stephanie A SA Wenner Peter A PA Bassell Gary J GJ Faundez Victor V

Molecular brain 20210430 1

Homeostatic plasticity is necessary for the construction and maintenance of functional neuronal networks, but principal molecular mechanisms required for or modified by homeostatic plasticity are not well understood. We recently reported that homeostatic plasticity induced by activity deprivation is dysregulated in cortical neurons from Fragile X Mental Retardation protein (FMRP) knockout mice (Bulow et al. in Cell Rep 26: 1378-1388 e1373, 2019). These findings led us to hypothesize that identif ...[more]

PMID: 33931071

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Project description:Local translation at the synapse plays key roles in neuron development and activity-dependent synaptic plasticity. mRNAs are translocated from the neuronal soma to the distant synapses as compacted ribonucleoparticles referred to as RNA granules. These contain many RNA-binding proteins, including the Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP), the absence of which results in Fragile X Syndrome, the most common inherited form of intellectual disability and the leading genetic cause of autism. Using FMRP as a tracer, we purified a specific population of RNA granules from mouse brain homogenates. Protein composition analyses revealed a strong relationship between polyribosomes and RNA granules. However, the latter have distinct architectural and structural properties, since they are detected as close compact structures as observed by electron microscopy, and converging evidence point to the possibility that these structures emerge from stalled polyribosomes. Time-lapse video microscopy indicated that single granules merge to form cargoes that are transported from the soma to distal locations. Transcriptomic analyses showed that a subset of mRNAs involved in cytoskeleton remodelling and neural development is selectively enriched in RNA granules. One third of the putative mRNA targets described for FMRP appear to be transported in granules and FMRP is more abundant in granules than in polyribosomes. This observation supports a primary role for FMRP in granules biology. Our findings open new avenues for the study of RNA granule dysfunctions in animal models of nervous system disorders, such as Fragile X syndrome. Fragile X syndrome is the most common form of inherited mental retardation affecting approximately 1 female out of 7000 and 1 male out of 4000 worldwide. The syndrome is due to the silencing of a single gene, the Fragile Mental Retardation 1 (FMR1), that codes for the Fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). This protein is highly expressed in brain and controls local protein synthesis essential for neuronal development and maturation as well as the formation of neural circuits. Several studies suggest a role for FMRP in the regulation of mRNA transport along axons and dendrites to distant synaptic locations in structures called RNA granules. Here we report the isolation of a particular subpopulation of these structures and the analysis of their architecture and composition in terms of RNA and protein. Also, using time-lapse video microscopy, we monitored granule transport and fusion throughout neuronal processes. These findings open new avenues for the study of RNA transport dysfunctions in animal models of nervous system disorders. The control or reference structure or subcellular fraction are the neuronal polyribosomes while the experimental or test structure or subcellular fraction are the neuronal granules. Three independant replicates were done for each structure. Microarray hybridization was done using a two-color design in full dye-swap.

Project description:We profiled the whole transcriptomes of female rat hypothalamic arcuate nuclei to determine the remodeling of the genomic fabrics responsible for the glutamatergic, GABAergic, dopaminergic, cholinergic and serotonergic transmission in epilepsy and recovery following different treatments. The rats were prenatally exposed (G15) to betamethasone (or just saline for control) followed by repeated adiministration of N-Methyl-D-Aspartic acid (NMDA) on postnatal days 12, 13 and 15 which triggered infantile spasms. Pups were treated with either ATCH, PMX53 (a potent C5ar1 antagonist) or saline to act as a control, on days 13, 14 and 15 prior to NMDA administration to determine what effects each treatment had on transcriptome recovery. Our Genomic Fabric Paradigm (GFP) is proposed as a transformative research approach to enhance the understanding of the brain transcriptomic alterations in epileptic rats and recovery following various treatments. The genomic fabric of a particular synapse is the structured transcriptome associated with the most interconnected and stably expressed gene network responsible for that type of neurotransmission. GFP refines the description of functional pathways by selecting the most prominent genes and determining their networking. Moreover, it quantifies the remodeling of functional pathways and their interplay in disease and recovery in response to a treatment. We found that priming with betamethasone had substantial consequences on the topology of the genomic fabrics of all kind of synaptic transmission and that NMDA-induced spasms strongly exacerbated the remodeling of these fabrics. Contrary to our findings in male rats, neither ACTH or PMX53 treatment recovered the normal synaptic transcriptomes. One tissue (hypothalamic arcuate nucleus) x two prenatal exposures (B = betamethasone, S = saline) x two conditions for the betamethasone expossed rats (with (Y) without (N) infantile spasms) x three postnatal treatments (A = ACTH, P = PMX53, S = saline) x one sex (M) . Biological replicates: 4 ASNSM, 4 ABNSM, 4 ABYSM, 4 ABYAM, 4 ABYPM. Please note that a the multiple yellow strategy has been adopted, in which differently labeled biological replicas are cohybridized, similarly labeled samples of distinct conditions are compared and the results of the green and red comparisons are averaged.

Dataset Information

Activity-Dependent Mitochondrial Plasticity and Mitoproteome are Dysregulated in Fragile X Syndrome

Publications

FMRP attenuates activity dependent modifications in the mitochondrial proteome.

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