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CDK4/6 inhibition promotes anti-tumor immunity

ABSTRACT: Pharmacologicalinhibitors of cyclin dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) are an approvedtreatment forhormone receptor-positive breast cancer and are currently under evaluation across hundreds of clinical trials for other cancertypes. The clinical success of these inhibitorsis largely attributedto well-defined tumor-intrinsic cytostatic mechanisms, while their emerging role as immunomodulatory agents is lessunderstood. Usingintegrated epigenomic, transcriptomic and proteomicanalyses, we demonstrateda novel action of CDK4/6inhibitorsin promoting the phenotypic and functional acquisition of immunological T cell memory.Short-term priming with a CDK4/6inhibitorpromoted long-termendogenousanti-tumor T cell immunityin mice, enhanced the persistence and therapeutic efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells, and induced an RB-dependent T cell phenotype supportive offavorable responses to immune checkpoint blockade in melanoma patients.Together, thesemechanistic insights significantlybroaden the prospective utility of CDK4/6 inhibitors as clinical tools to boostanti-tumorT cell immunity.

INSTRUMENT(S): timsTOF Pro

ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens (human) Mus Musculus (mouse)

SUBMITTER: Jarrod Sandow

LAB HEAD: Stephin J. Vervoort

PROVIDER: PXD026539 | Pride | 2021-06-08

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Project description:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is gaining evermore importance due to rapidly rising incidence rates especially in western countries. As the disease progresses, it can develop into hepatocellular carcinoma. Related metabolic changes have been extensively studied in the past. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the development of fatty liver disease remain uncovered. Here we show that the basal phosphorylation of the MET receptor can be used as an indicator for hepatocyte dysregulation in fatty liver disease. Using primary hepatocytes isolated from a preclinical model fed with high-fat, high-sugar diet (Western diet; WD) or standard diet (SD), we find a strong downregulation of the PI3K-AKT pathway and upregulation of the MAPK pathway in the WD derived hepatocytes. By developing a mathematical model of HGF-induced signal transduction, calibrated with quantitative time-resolved measurements of both PI3K-AKT and MAPK pathways, we resolve molecular mechanisms responsible for these alterations. Thereby, we identify the basal MET phosphorylation rate as main driver for the altered signal transduction in WD hepatocytes that even leads to an increased proliferation behavior of the usually quiescent hepatocytes in the absence of growth factors. The adaptation of the dynamic pathway model of HGF signal transduction to patient-derived hepatocytes reveals a patient-specific variability of basal MET phosphorylation levels, which correlates with the clinical outcome of patients after liver surgery. These findings suggest that the dysregulated basal MET phosphorylation could be exploited to assess the health status of the liver and thereby inform estimation of the risk of a patient to suffer from liver failure after surgery.Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is gaining evermore importance due to rapidly rising incidence rates especially in western countries. As the disease progresses, it can develop into hepatocellular carcinoma. Related metabolic changes have been extensively studied in the past. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the development of fatty liver disease remain uncovered. Here we show that the basal phosphorylation of the MET receptor can be used as an indicator for hepatocyte dysregulation in fatty liver disease. Using primary hepatocytes isolated from a preclinical model fed with high-fat, high-sugar diet (Western diet; WD) or standard diet (SD), we find a strong downregulation of the PI3K-AKT pathway and upregulation of the MAPK pathway in the WD derived hepatocytes. By developing a mathematical model of HGF-induced signal transduction, calibrated with quantitative time-resolved measurements of both PI3K-AKT and MAPK pathways, we resolve molecular mechanisms responsible for these alterations. Thereby, we identify the basal MET phosphorylation rate as main driver for the altered signal transduction in WD hepatocytes that even leads to an increased proliferation behavior of the usually quiescent hepatocytes in the absence of growth factors. The adaptation of the dynamic pathway model of HGF signal transduction to patient-derived hepatocytes reveals a patient-specific variability of basal MET phosphorylation levels, which correlates with the clinical outcome of patients after liver surgery. These findings suggest that the dysregulated basal MET phosphorylation could be exploited to assess the health status of the liver and thereby inform estimation of the risk of a patient to suffer from liver failure after surgery.

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CDK4/6 inhibition promotes anti-tumor immunity

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