Protective effect and mechanism of kinsenoside on alcoholic liver injury
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
INSTRUMENT(S): Q Exactive
ORGANISM(S): Mus Musculus (mouse)
TISSUE(S): Liver
SUBMITTER: 
Limin Gao
LAB HEAD: Hong Ren
PROVIDER: PXD027621 | Pride | 2022-01-13
REPOSITORIES: Pride
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Project description:Background and aims: Liver is a major target organ for alcohol-induced disease and the spectrum of pathological states elicited by alcohol in liver comprises steatosis, alcoholic steatohepatitis, progressive fibrosis and cirrhosis, conditions that may progress to hepatocellular carcinoma. Many experimental animal models of alcoholic steatohepatitis exist that vary in duration, mode of alcohol administration and the degree and types of liver injury produced. While most of these models, regardless whether alcohol is administered through liquid diet or intragastrically, produce steatohepatitis and mild fibrosis, it is widely acknowledged that these models fail to fully recapitulate key characteristics of severe forms of alcoholic liver disease, such as alcoholic hepatitis. Recent studies attempted to combine alcohol and fibrosis and achieved promising results in mouse models that achieve some of the key features of alcoholic liver disease accompanied by exacerbated fibrosis and acute renal injury. This study combined a chronic cholestatic liver fibrosis model induced by 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC) with a mouse model of intragastric alcohol feeding. Methods: Adult male C57BL6/J mice were treated with 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocolidine (DDC) containing diet (0.05% w/w) to induce chronic liver fibrosis. Following DDC-induced fibrogenesis, ethyl alcohol (EtOH) (up to 27 g/ kg/day, up to 28 days) was administered continuously to mice via a gastric feeding tube (Tsukamoto-Frenchmodel of alcoholic liver disease). Results: Exposure to DDC or EtOH alone resulted in liver fibrosis or steatosis, respectively. Combined treatment with DDC and EtOH lead to an additive effect on liver injury, as evident by the development of hepatic inflammation, steatosis, and pericellular fibrosis, and by increased serum transaminase levels, compared to mice treated with either agent alone. Liver transcriptomic changes specific to combined treatment group included pathways involved in the cell cycle and DNA damage. Analyses of feces from these mice revealed alcohol-associated changes to the bile acid profile and gut microbiome. Conclusions: Mice treated with DDC and EtOH displayed several key characteristics of human alcoholic hepatitis, including pericellular fibrosis, increased hepatic bacterial load with dysbiosis, reduced capacity of the microbiome to synthesize secondary bile acids.
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Project description:Background and aims: We aimed to study the pathogenesis of AH in an animal model of acute-on-chronic alcoholic liver disease which combines chronic hepatic fibrosis with intragastric alcohol administration. Methods: Adult male C57BL6/J mice were treated with CCl4 (0.2 ml/kg, 2×weekly by intraperitoneal injections for 6 weeks) to induce chronic liver fibrosis. Then, ethyl alcohol (EtOH) (up to 25 g/kg/day, for 3 weeks) was administered continuously to mice via a gastric feeding tube, with or without one-half dose of CCl4. Liver and serum markers were evaluated to characterize acute-on-chronic-alcoholic liver disease in our model. Results: CCl4 or EtOH treatment alone induced liver fibrosis or steatohepatitis, respectively, findings that were consistent with expected pathology. Combined treatment with CCl4 and EtOH resulted in a marked exacerbation of liver injury, as evident by the development of hepatic inflammation, marked steatosis, and pericellular fibrosis, and by increased serum transaminase levels, compared to mice treated with either treatment alone. Liver transcriptomic changes specific to combined treatment group demonstrated close concordance with pathways perturbed in human severe cases of AH. In addition to gene expression changes, E. coli and Candida species were also significantly more abundant in livers of mice co-treated with CCl4 and EtOH. Conclusions: Mice treated with CCl4 and EtOH displayed several key characteristics of human AH, including pericellular fibrosis, increased hepatic bacterial load, and dysregulation of the same molecular pathways. This model may be useful for developing therapeutics for AH.
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