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Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles

ABSTRACT: Therapeutic benefits of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are now widely believed to come from their paracrine signalling, i.e. secreted factors such as cytokines, chemokines, and extracellular vesicles (EVs). Cell-free therapy using EVs is an active and emerging field in regenerative medicine. The cellular environment of MSCs is of critical importance when directing paracrine activity. Typical 2D cultivation of stem cells on tissue culture plastic is far removed from the physiological environment of MSCs. The application of 3D cell culture allows MSCs to adapt to their cellular niche environment which, in turn, influences their paracrine signalling activity. In this study we evaluated the impact of 3D MSCs culture on EVs secretion and cargo proteome composition and functional assessment. The outcome highlights critical differences between MSC-EVs obtained from different culture microenvironments, which should be considered when scaling up MSC culture for clinical manufacturing.

INSTRUMENT(S): Q Exactive HF

ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens (human)

TISSUE(S): Mesenchymal Stem Cell, Stem Cell

DISEASE(S): Disease Free

SUBMITTER: david greening

LAB HEAD: David Greening

PROVIDER: PXD029766 | Pride | 2021-11-17

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Project description:Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) contribute to recovery of damaged tissue in animals models of human disease. We have previously shown that EVs isolated from porcine MSCs transport mRNA and miRNA capable of modulating several cellular pathways in recipient cells, yet their proteome remained to be profiled. Using a quantitative proteomic strategy, we sought to study the protein cargo of porcine MSC-derived EVs to identify candidate molecules for mediating their therapeutic effect. Methods: Autologous MSCs were collected from abdominal fat of 3 female domestic pigs, and MSC-derived EVs were subsequently isolated, cultured, and characterized by the expression of typical MSC and EV markers. LC-MS/MS proteomic analysis was performed and proteins classified using the Panther Classification System. Functional pathway analysis was performed with DAVID 6.7. Three candidate proteins were selected for validation and their expression in EVs and MSCs confirmed by Western blot. Results: Proteomics analysis identified 5,469 protein groups in MSCs and 4,937 in EVs. Average protein intensity was higher in MSCs compared to EVs (p<0.0001). Differential expression analysis revealed 128 proteins upregulated in EVs vs. MSCs (log2 fold change>10, p<0.05), whereas 563 proteins were excluded from EVs (log2 fold change<-10, p<0.05). Biological functional analysis of proteins enriched in EVs indicated a broad distribution, with the most frequently represented categories being proteins involved in angiogenesis, blood coagulation, apoptosis, extracellular matrix remodeling, and regulation of inflammatory responses. Proteins excluded from EVs were mostly nuclear proteins and proteins involved in nucleotide binding and RNA splicing. Conclusions: The present study provides novel proteomic characterization of the biological signatures of porcine adipose MSC-derived EVs. The selective cargo that EVs shuttle may define the spectrum of their roles in mediating MSC intercellular communication.

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Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles

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