Exploring the conversion of different Xylans by the marine Bacteroidetes Flavimarina sp. Hel_I_48
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
INSTRUMENT(S): LTQ Orbitrap
ORGANISM(S): Flavimarina Sp. Hel_i_48
SUBMITTER: 
Irena Beidler
LAB HEAD: Uwe T. Bornscheuer
PROVIDER: PXD033600 | Pride | 2023-06-27
REPOSITORIES: Pride
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Project description:The phylum Bacteroidetes is a major component of the human gut microbiota which has a broad impact on the development and physiology of its host, and a potential role in a wide range of disease syndromes. The predominance of Bacteroidetes and the genus Bacteroides in the distal gut is due in large part to the expansion of paralogous gene clusters, termed Polysaccharide Utilization Loci (PULs), dedicated to the uptake and catabolism of host derived and dietary polysaccharides. It is generally thought that the diversity of PULs is key to Bacteroides successful competition for nutrients in the gut environment. The nutritive value of the available polysaccharides varies greatly and thus their utilization is hierarchical and strictly controlled. A typical PUL includes regulatory genes that control expression in response to the presence of specific glycan substrates. However the existence of additional regulatory mechanisms has been predicted to explain phenomena such as the hierarchical control, catabolite repression, and the fine tuning of gene expression to match catabolic activity. Using Bacteroides fragilis as a model organism, this report describes a previously unknown layer of regulatory control in which cis-encoded antisense small RNAs (sRNA) act as repressors of the PULs’ catabolic genes. Nearly 30% of B. fragilis PULs are subject to this type of sRNA control and these PULs tend to be more closely linked to the utilization of host-derived glycans than dietary polysaccharides. The findings described here indicate the presence of a global control mechanism that underlies the known regulatory circuits which modulate PUL expression in response to substrate availability, and hence provide novel insight into regulation of the gut Bacteroidetes physiology.
2016-07-12 | GSE74807 | GEO
Project description:The polysaccharide β-mannan, which is common in terrestrial plants but unknown in microalgae, was recently detected during diatom blooms. We identified a β-mannan polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) in the genome of the marine Flavobacterium Muricauda sp. MAR_2010_75 which resembles PULs in bacteria from diverse ecosystems. Proteomics showed the β-mannan induced translation of 22 proteins encoded within the PUL.
2022-11-24 | PXD033586 | Pride
Project description:The phylum Bacteroidetes is a major component of the human gut microbiota which has a broad impact on the development and physiology of its host, and a potential role in a wide range of disease syndromes1-3. The predominance of Bacteroidetes and the genus Bacteroides in the distal gut is due in large part to the expansion of paralogous gene clusters, termed Polysaccharide Utilization Loci (PULs), dedicated to the uptake and catabolism of host derived and dietary polysaccharides4,5. It is generally thought that the diversity of PULs is key to Bacteroides successful competition for nutrients in the gut environment6. The nutritive value of the available polysaccharides varies greatly and thus their utilization is hierarchical and strictly controlled. A typical PUL includes regulatory genes that control expression in response to the presence of specific glycan substrates. However the existence of additional regulatory mechanisms has been predicted to explain phenomena such as the hierarchical control, catabolite repression, and the fine tuning of gene expression to match catabolic activity7-9. Using Bacteroides fragilis as a model organism, this report describes a previously unknown layer of regulatory control in which cis-encoded antisense small RNAs (sRNA) act as repressors of the PULs’ catabolic genes. Nearly 30% of B. fragilis PULs are subject to this type of sRNA control and these PULs tend to be more closely linked to the utilization of host-derived glycans than dietary polysaccharides. The findings described here indicate the presence of a global control mechanism that underlies the known regulatory circuits which modulate PUL expression in response to substrate availability, and hence provide novel insight into regulation of the gut Bacteroidetes physiology.
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Project description:The phylum Bacteroidetes is a major component of the human gut microbiota which has a broad impact on the development and physiology of its host, and a potential role in a wide range of disease syndromes1-3. The predominance of Bacteroidetes and the genus Bacteroides in the distal gut is due in large part to the expansion of paralogous gene clusters, termed Polysaccharide Utilization Loci (PULs), dedicated to the uptake and catabolism of host derived and dietary polysaccharides4,5. It is generally thought that the diversity of PULs is key to Bacteroides successful competition for nutrients in the gut environment6. The nutritive value of the available polysaccharides varies greatly and thus their utilization is hierarchical and strictly controlled. A typical PUL includes regulatory genes that control expression in response to the presence of specific glycan substrates. However the existence of additional regulatory mechanisms has been predicted to explain phenomena such as the hierarchical control, catabolite repression, and the fine tuning of gene expression to match catabolic activity7-9. Using Bacteroides fragilis as a model organism, this report describes a previously unknown layer of regulatory control in which cis-encoded antisense small RNAs (sRNA) act as repressors of the PULsâ catabolic genes. Nearly 30% of B. fragilis PULs are subject to this type of sRNA control and these PULs tend to be more closely linked to the utilization of host-derived glycans than dietary polysaccharides. The findings described here indicate the presence of a global control mechanism that underlies the known regulatory circuits which modulate PUL expression in response to substrate availability, and hence provide novel insight into regulation of the gut Bacteroidetes physiology. This is a 4 chip study with 8 technical replicates on each chip. This was an in vitro, exploratory study to determine if mutation or overexpression of a sRNA associated with the Don locus would affect gene expression. In vitro cultures were grown in defined media with mucin glycans as the sole carbon source. The two chips representing growth of the wild type strain (638R) on mucin glycans were also used in a related study GSE53883 (GSM1303101 and GSM1303102).
2016-07-22 | E-GEOD-73107 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Marine algae convert a substantial fraction of the carbon dioxide they fix into various polysaccharides. Bacteria specialized on the remineralization of these polysaccharides often feature genomic clusters, termed polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs). Such PULs are often prevalent in, but not limited to, marine Flavobacteriia. Since knowledge on extant PUL diversity is sparse, we sequenced the genomes of 53 North Sea Flavobacteriia. We obtained 400 PULs, suggesting usage of a large array of polysaccharides, including laminarin, α- and β-mannans, fucose-, xylose-, galactose-, rhamnose- and arabinose-containing substrates, pectins, and chitins. Many of the PULs were novel, some indicating substrates that have rarely been described in marine environments. PUL repertoires of isolates often differed significantly within genera, corroborating ecological niche-associated glycan partitioning. Polysaccharide uptake in Flavobacteriia is mediated by SusCD. Respective protein trees revealed clustering according to polysaccharide specificities. Analysis of SusCD expression in multiyear phytoplankton bloom-associated metaproteomes indicated changes in microbial utilization of glucan, ß-mannan and sulfated xylan, suggesting that distinct substrates are temporarily abundant.
2018-08-16 | PXD008238 | Pride
Project description:Macroalgae contribute substantially to primary production in coastal ecosystems. Their biomass, mainly consisting of polysaccharides, is cycled into the environment by marine heterotrophic bacteria (MHB), using largely uncharacterized mechanisms. In Zobellia galactanivorans, we discovered and characterized the complete catabolic pathway for carrageenans, major cell wall polysaccharides of red macroalgae, providing a model system for carrageenan utilization by MHB. We further demonstrate that carrageenan catabolism relies on a multifaceted carrageenan-induced regulon, including a non-canonical polysaccharide utilization locus (PUL) and several distal genes. The genetic structure of the carrageenan utilization system is well conserved in marine Bacteroidetes, but modified in other MHB phyla. The core system is completed by additional functions which can be assumed by non-orthologous genes in different species. This complex genetic structure is due to multiple evolutionary events including gene duplications and horizontal gene transfers. These results allow for an extension on the definition of bacterial PUL-mediated polysaccharide digestion.
2017-12-06 | GSE101142 | GEO
Project description:About one half of the global, biogenic carbon dioxide fixation into organic matter is driven by microscopic algae in the surface oceans. These microalgal activities generate, among other molecules, polysaccharides that are food for and recycled by bacteria with polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs). These genetic clusters of co-evolved genes, which work together in recognition, depolymerizing and uptake of one type of polysaccharide. However, we rarely know the substrates of PULs present in marine bacteria. Here we investigated the proteomic and physiological response of mannan PULs from marine Flavobacteriia isolated in the North Sea. The genomic clusters of these marine Bacteroidetes are related to PULs of human gut Bacteroides strains, which are known to digest α- and β-mannans from yeasts and plants respectively. Proteomics and defined growth experiments with these types of mannans as sole carbon source confirmed the functional prediction. Our data suggest that biochemical principles established for gut or terrestrial microbes apply to marine bacteria even though the PULs are evolutionary distant. Moreover, our data support discoveries from the 60th reporting mannans in microalgae suggesting that these polysaccharides play an important role in the marine carbon cycle.
2018-10-17 | PXD009066 | Pride
Project description:About one half of the global, biogenic carbon dioxide fixation into organic matter is driven by microscopic algae in the surface oceans. These microalgal activities generate, among other molecules, polysaccharides that are food for and recycled by bacteria with polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs). These genetic clusters of co-evolved genes, which work together in recognition, depolymerizing and uptake of one type of polysaccharide. However, we rarely know the substrates of PULs present in marine bacteria. Here we investigated the proteomic and physiological response of mannan PULs from marine Flavobacteriia isolated in the North Sea. The genomic clusters of these marine Bacteroidetes are related to PULs of human gut Bacteroides strains, which are known to digest α- and β-mannans from yeasts and plants respectively. Proteomics and defined growth experiments with these types of mannans as sole carbon source confirmed the functional prediction. Our data suggest that biochemical principles established for gut or terrestrial microbes apply to marine bacteria even though the PULs are evolutionary distant. Moreover, our data support discoveries from the 60th reporting mannans in microalgae suggesting that these polysaccharides play an important role in the marine carbon cycle.
2018-10-17 | PXD009080 | Pride
