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Isobaric labeling-based quantitative proteomics of cells purified from the intestine of Crohn’s disease patients reveals immune cell-epithelial cell crosstalk of potential importance in disease pathogenesis

ABSTRACT: Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent flares of inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Despite decades of research, the etiology of CD is poorly understood and is characterized by dysregulated immune activation that progressively destroys the gastrointestinal tissue. At the center of the pathology is the intestinal mucosa, where the epithelium and the lamina propria are main cellular compartments. While the epithelium contains predominantly epithelial cells, the lamina propria is enriched in immune cells and contains supporting stroma. Thus, the cells constituting these compartments can be classified as epithelial cells, immune cells and stromal cells. Gaining insight into how these cell types interact with each other is important to further our understanding of CD pathogenesis. Here, using isobaric labeling-based quantitative proteomics, we perform an exploratory study to analyze in-depth proteome changes in epithelial cells, immune cells and stromal cells purified by cell sorting from the intestinal mucosa of CD patients and controls. Our workflow preserving the link between the different cell types in individuals opens the possibility to explore cellular crosstalk and to further refine data on cell-cell interactions in the development of CD.

INSTRUMENT(S): Orbitrap Fusion Lumos

ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens (human)

TISSUE(S): Small Intestine Mucosa

DISEASE(S): Crohn's Disease

SUBMITTER: Ivo Fabrik

LAB HEAD: Mary Jo Wick

PROVIDER: PXD036591 | Pride | 2023-01-02

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Project description:Resident human lamina propria immune cells serve as powerful effectors in host defense. Molecular events associated with the initiation of an intestinal inflammatory response in these cells are largely unknown. Here, we aimed to characterize phenotypic and functional changes induced in these cells at the onset of intestinal inflammation using a human intestinal organ culture model. In this model, healthy human colonic mucosa was depleted of epithelial cells by EDTA treatment. Following loss of the epithelial layer, expression of the inflammatory mediators IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-23p19, TNF-α, CXCL2 and the surface receptors CD14, TLR2, CD86, CD54 was rapidly induced in resident lamina propria cells in situ as determined by qRT-PCR and immunohistology. Gene microarray analysis of lamina propria cells obtained by laser-capture microdissection provided an overview of global changes in gene expression occurring during the initiation of an intestinal inflammatory response in these cells. Bioinformatic analysis gave insight into signalling pathways mediating this inflammatory response. Furthermore, comparison with published microarray datasets of inflamed mucosa in vivo (ulcerative colitis) revealed a significant overlap of differentially regulated genes underlining the in vivo relevance of the organ culture model. The organ culture model characterized may be useful to study molecular mechanisms underlying the initiation of an intestinal inflammatory response in normal mucosa as well as potential alterations of this response in inflammatory bowel disease. Gut specimens were derived from individuals undergoing resection for localized colon cancer. Microscopically normal colonic mucosa was dissected from the surgical specimen near the resection margin and immediately subjected to the experimental procedures. After extensive washing the mucus layer was removed by dithiothreitol (DTT) treatment. Subsequently, punches of defined surface area were prepared and denuded of epithelial cells by exposure to EDTA. Samples were collected prior to culturing and washing (control, t = 0 h, total mucosa, TM) as well as after loss of the epithelial layer (t = 5 h, mucosa after loss of epithelial layer, LEL-M) and snap frozen in liquid nitrogen. Lamina Propria (LP) was subsequently isolated via Laser Capture Microdissection (LMD) followed by RNA isolation. Microarray analysis of TM-LP (control) and LEL-LP samples was performed using the WG-DASL Human HT_12 V4 Expression BeadChip Assay from Illumina employing a minimum of 200 ng total RNA per sample. Four replicates from individual experiments were measured for each time point.

Project description:Crohn's disease (CD) is a complex and highly heterogeneous chronic inflammatory disorder, primarily affecting the gastrointestinal tract. Genetic and functional studies have highlighted a key role for innate immunity in its pathogenesis. Profound systemic defects in innate immunity and acute inflammation are understood to result in markedly delayed clearance of bacteria from the tissues, leading to local chronic granulomatous inflammation and compensatory adaptive immunological changes. Macrophages, key orchestrators of acute inflammation, are likely to play an important role in the initial impaired innate immune response. Monocyte-derived macrophages from CD patients stimulated with E. coli were shown to release attenuated levels of TNF and IFNM-NM-3 with normal secretion of IL8, IL10 and IL6. In controls, the secretion of these cytokines was strongly positively correlated, which was not seen with CD macrophages. The transcriptomes of CD and control macrophages were examined in an attempt to understand the molecular basis of this defect. There were no differentially expressed genes identified between the two groups, consistent with genetic heterogeneity; however, a number of molecules were found to be under-expressed in subgroups of CD patients. The most common of these was optineurin (OPTN) which was under-expressed in approximately 10% of the CD patients. Reduced OPTN expression coincided with lower intracellular protein levels and diminished cytokine secretion after bacterial stimulation both in the patients and with siRNA knockdown in THP-1 cells. Identifying and studying subgroups of patients with shared defective gene expression could aid our understanding of the mechanisms underlying highly heterogeneous diseases such as CD. Total RNA obtained from monocyte derived macrophages from Crohn's disease patients (n=58) or healthy volenteers (n=42) were cultured for six days before being stimulated with heat killed E. coli for four hours or left unstimulated.

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Isobaric labeling-based quantitative proteomics of cells purified from the intestine of Crohn’s disease patients reveals immune cell-epithelial cell crosstalk of potential importance in disease pathogenesis

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