Proteomics

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Enamel proteins reveal biological sex and intrataxon variability within Paranthropus robustus

ABSTRACT: The evolutionary relationships among extinct African hominin species are highly debated and largely unresolved, due in part to a lack of molecular data. Even within taxa, it is not always clear, based on morphology alone, whether ranges of variation are due to sexual dimorphism versus potentially undescribed taxonomic diversity. For Paranthropus robustus, a Pleistocene hominin found only in South Africa, both phylogenetic relationships to other taxa, and the nature of intraspecific variation are still debated. Here we report the first successful mass spectrometric sequencing of enamel proteomes from four ca. 2 million years old dental specimens morphologically identified as P. robustus from the site of Swartkrans.

INSTRUMENT(S): Q Exactive HF-X, Orbitrap Exploris 480

ORGANISM(S): Homo

TISSUE(S): Tooth Enamel

SUBMITTER: Claire Koenig  

LAB HEAD: Jesper V. Olsen

PROVIDER: PXD040221 | Pride | 2025-06-09

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Action DRS
1-ModificationSearch_H-ox-products.zip Other
2-ModificationSearch_Y-ox-and-di-ox.zip Other
20161004_QE5_nLC11_MEM_COLLAB_GeoG_1069_03.raw Raw
20161109_QE5_nLC5_MEM_COLLAB_GeoG_1069_04.raw Raw
20161219_QE7_nLC3_MEM_COLLAB_GeoG_1141_02.raw Raw
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Enamel proteins reveal biological sex and genetic variability in southern African <i>Paranthropus</i>.

Madupe Palesa P PP   Koenig Claire C   Patramanis Ioannis I   Rüther Patrick L PL   Hlazo Nomawethu N   Mackie Meaghan M   Tawane Mirriam M   Krueger Johanna J   Taurozzi Alberto J AJ   Troché Gaudry G   Kibii Job J   Pickering Robyn R   Dickinson Marc R MR   Sahle Yonatan Y   Kgotleng Dipuo D   Musiba Charles C   Manthi Fredrick F   Bell Liam L   DuPlessis Michelle M   Gilbert Catherine C   Zipfel Bernhard B   Kuderna Lukas F K LFK   Lizano Esther E   Welker Frido F   Kyriakidou Pelagia P   Cox Jürgen J   Mollereau Catherine C   Tokarski Caroline C   Blackburn Jonathan J   Ramos-Madrigal Jazmín J   Marques-Bonet Tomas T   Penkman Kirsty K   Zanolli Clément C   Schroeder Lauren L   Racimo Fernando F   Olsen Jesper V JV   Ackermann Rebecca R RR   Cappellini Enrico E  

Science (New York, N.Y.) 20250529 6750

<i>Paranthropus robustus</i> is a morphologically well-documented Early Pleistocene hominin species from southern Africa with no genetic evidence reported so far. In this work, we describe the mass spectrometric sequencing of enamel peptides from four ~2 million-year-old dental specimens attributed morphologically to <i>P. robustus</i> from the site of Swartkrans in South Africa. The identification of AMELY-specific peptides enabled us to assign two specimens to male individuals, whereas semiqua  ...[more]

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