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Proteomic exploration of SSR42 and its impact on Staphylococcus aureus virulence

ABSTRACT: Perhaps the most pivotal feature contributing to Staphylococcus aureus pathogenicity is the production of a wealth of virulence factors such as secreted toxins, adhesive proteins, and factors that aid in host immune evasion. The abundance and activity of these factors is tightly regulated by a multitude of effectors, including two-component systems, alternative sigma factors, DNA binding transcription factors, and regulatory RNAs. SSR42 is a ~1,200-nt long regulatory RNA that has been previously shown to be highly stable and abundant in stationary phase growth. To explore the role of SSR42 within the S. aureus cell, we created a full deletion mutant for this gene and performed mass spectrometry analysis on all protein fractions after 15h of growth. Following standardized bacterial growth and sample processing, peptides were analyzed using a hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap instrument and spectra were assigned with MaxQuant to the USA300 pan-proteome (UP000001939). When compared to wild-type, the SSR42 mutant exhibited profound changes in its proteomic landscape, suggesting that SSR42 has myriad regulatory targets across niches of function.

INSTRUMENT(S): Q Exactive Plus

ORGANISM(S): Bacteria Staphylococcus Aureus

TISSUE(S): Cell Culture

SUBMITTER: Emilee Mustor

LAB HEAD: Lindsey Neil Shaw

PROVIDER: PXD043724 | Pride | 2025-04-17

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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			Action	DRS
	20230418_Hou-SSR42_cell-1.raw	Raw
	20230418_Hou-SSR42_cell-2.raw	Raw
	20230418_Hou-SSR42_cell-3.raw	Raw
	20230418_Hou-SSR42_cytosolic-1.raw	Raw
	20230418_Hou-SSR42_cytosolic-2.raw	Raw

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Project description:The success of Staphylococcus aureus as a pathogen results from the production of a wealth of virulence determinants that aid in immune evasion, host cell invasion and dissemination of infection. Given the niche specific roles of these factors in infection, their production is controlled by a complex network of regulatory factors. In a continued effort to understand this network, the present study is aimed at characterizing the role of the transcriptional regulator XdrA and its effects on S. aureus gene expression. Using an unbiased global analysis, we find that XdrA has a broad impact on gene expression, influencing the transcription of several important virulence determinants, and factors involved in gene regulation. When assessing the role of XdrA in virulence, we find that an xdrA mutant has an increased ability to survive in whole human blood, mediated in part by increased survival within neutrophils, and an upregulation in expression of several factors involved in immune evasion, including sbi, fnbpA and efb. Furthermore, the increased survival within neutrophils appears to result from an upregulation in expression of sodM, recA, and sae, all of which assist bacterial cells in combating the effects of oxidative stress. In addition to these changes, we find that the xdrA mutant has a decreased abundance of cytolytic toxins, likely resulting from changes in agr and sae activity. We suggest that the broad impact of XdrA on the expression of genes involved in immune evasion, DNA damage, and oxidative stress tolerance, collectively result in a survival advantage allowing for the increased ability to causes disease in vivo, when xdrA is disrupted. In sum, our findings shed new light on the role of XdrA and its seemingly novel influence on S. aureus survival during infection. The dataset contained herein was used to elucidate the whole shotgun secreted proteome (secretome) obtained from 5 hour (mid exponential phase) and 15 hour (stationary phase) planktonic cultures of Staphylococcus aureus USA300 LAC strain, and a derivative of this strain deficient in the gene encoding XdrA.

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Proteomic exploration of SSR42 and its impact on Staphylococcus aureus virulence

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