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Tumour cells can escape antiproliferative pressure by type I interferon through immunoediting of interferon receptor expression

ABSTRACT: Type I interferons (IFNs) play a central role in innate immunity against virus infection, but also in the antitumour response. In tumour biology, an important mechanism of action apart from the more indirect immune-modulatory and anti-angiogenic effects of IFNs, is their direct impact on cell proliferation. Particularly for cancers arising in the context of chronic inflammation, constant exposure of cells to IFNs may constitute a strong selective pressure during tumour evolution. Expansion of tumour subclones or -populations that developed resistance to the antiproliferative effects of IFN might constitute an important contribution to immunoediting of the tumour leading to more aggressive and metastasising disease. Experimental evidence for this development of IFN-insensitivity has been scarce and its molecular mechanism is unclear. In this study we demonstrate that prolonged (six weeks) exposure of cells to IFN-β in vitro reduces their sensitivity to its antiproliferative effects, and that this phenotype was stable for up to four weeks. Furthermore, we observed substantial differences in cellular sensitivity to growth inhibition by IFN-β in a panel of ten different liver cancer cell lines of varying malignity. IFN-resistance was most prominent in a pair of highly dedifferentiated cell lines, and least in cells from well-differentiated tumours, fostering the hypothesis of IFN-driven immunoediting in advanced cancers. In both settings, long-term IFN selection in vitro as well as in dedifferentiated tumour cell lines, we found IFNAR expression to be substantially reduced, suggesting the receptor complex, in particular IFNAR2, to be a sensitive target amenable to immunoediting. Beyond new insights into possible molecular processes in tumour evolution, these findings might prove valuable for the development of biomarkers allowing to stratify tumours for their sensitivity to IFN treatment in the context of patient tailored therapies.

INSTRUMENT(S): Orbitrap Exploris 480

ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens (human)

TISSUE(S): Hepatocyte, Liver

DISEASE(S): Hepatoblastoma,Hepatocellular Carcinoma

SUBMITTER: Marcel Schilling

LAB HEAD: Prof. Dr. Ursula Klingmüller

PROVIDER: PXD043761 | Pride | 2023-11-21

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Project description:This dataset details the time-dependent response of human Huh7 hepatoma cells to type I and type III IFN. Despite activating similar signaling cascades, the type I and type III interferons (IFNs) differ in their ability to antagonize viral replication. However, it is not clear whether these cytokines induce unique antiviral states, particularly in the liver, where the clinically important hepatitis B and C viruses cause persistent infection. Here, microarray-based gene expression analysis is combined with mechanistic studies of signaling pathways to dynamically characterize the transcriptional responses induced by these cytokines in Huh7 hepatoma cells and primary human hepatocytes. Type I and III IFNs differed greatly in their level of interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) induction with a clearly detectable hierarchy (IFN-M-NM-2 > IFN-M-NM-1 > IFN-M-NM-;3 > IFN-M-NM-;1 > IFN-M-NM-;2). This hierarchy resulted in widely varying numbers of differentially expressed genes when quantified using common statistical thresholds, even though individual IFNs did not appear to regulate unique sets of genes. The kinetic profiles of IFN-induced gene expression were also qualitatively similar with the important exception of IFN-M-NM-1. While stimulation with either IFN-M-NM-2 or IFN-M-NM-;s resulted in a similar long-lasting ISG induction, IFN-M-NM-1 signaling peaked early after stimulation then declined due to a negative feedback mechanism. The quantitative expression hierarchy and unique kinetics of IFN-M-NM-1 suggest different roles for individual IFNs in the immune response, and help explain previously observed differences in antiviral activity. Huh7 cells were seeded into 6-well plates at the density of 3x10^5 cells/well and cultured overnight before stimulation with either 500 U/ml of IFN-M-NM-1 or IFN-M-NM-2, or 10 ng/ml of IFN-M-NM-;1, IFN-M-NM-;2, or IFN-M-NM-;3. Total RNA was harvested and isolated at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 hours post-incubation using RNeasy Mini Kit (Qiagen) following the Affymetrix GeneChip protocol of the Keck Affymetrix Resource facility at Yale University. IFN incubation at each time point was performed in duplicate. All subsequent processing, hybridization to the Illumina HumanHT-12 microarray, and quality control analyses were carried out by the Yale Center for Genome Analysis using standard protocols.

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Tumour cells can escape antiproliferative pressure by type I interferon through immunoediting of interferon receptor expression

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