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Integrative analysis of Proteomics and lipidomics profiles reveal the fat deposition and meat quality in Duroc×Guangdong small spotted pig

ABSTRACT: This study aims to explore the important factors affecting the characteristics of different parts of pork. Lipidomics and proteomics methods were used to analyze DAL (differential lipids) and DAPs (differential proteins) in five different parts(longissimus dorsi, belly meat, loin, forelegs and buttocks))of Duhua pig(Duroc×Guangdong small spotted pig)，to identify potential pathways affecting meat quality, investigating fat deposition in pork and its lipid-protein interactions. The results show that TG (triglyceride) is the lipid subclass with the highest proportion in muscle, and the pathway with the most significantly enriched lipids is GP. DAP clustered on several GO terms closely related to lipid metabolism and lipogenesis (lipid binding, lipid metabolism, lipid transport, and lipid regulation). In KEGG analysis, there are two main DAP aggregation pathways related to lipid metabolism, namely Fatty acid degradation and oxidative phosphorylation. In PPI analysis, we screened out 31 core proteins, among which NDUFA6, NDUFA9 and ACO2 are the most critical. PC (phosphatidylcholine) is regulated by SNX5, THBS1, ANXA7, TPP1, CAVIN2, and VDAC2 in the phospholipid binding pathway. TG is regulated by AUH/HADH/ACADM/ACADL/HADHA in the lipid oxidation and lipid modification pathways. Potential biomarkers are rich in SFA, MUFA and PUFA respectively, the amounts of SFA, MUFA and PUFA in the lipid measurement results are consistent with the up- and down-regulation of potential biomarker lipids. This study clarified the differences in protein and lipid compositions in different parts of Duhua pigs and provided data support for revealing the interactions between pork lipids and proteins. These findings provide contributions to the study of intramuscular fat deposition in pork from a genetic and nutritional perspective.

INSTRUMENT(S): Orbitrap Exploris 480

ORGANISM(S): Sus Scrofa Domesticus (domestic Pig)

TISSUE(S): Longissimus Thoracis

SUBMITTER: Zhuosui Wu

LAB HEAD: Zhuosui Wu

PROVIDER: PXD050436 | Pride | 2024-04-07

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Project description:Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) act as potent natural hypolipidemics and are linked to many health benefits in humans and in animal models. Mice fed long-term a high fat diet, in which medium-chain alpha linoleic acid (ALA) was partially replaced by long-chain docosahexaenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) fatty acids, showed reduced accumulation of body fat and prevention of insulin resistance, besides increased mitochondrial beta-oxidation in white adipose tissue and decreased plasma lipids. ALA, EPA and DHA all belong to PUFA of n-3 series. The intestine is a gatekeeper organ for ingested lipids. To examine the potential contribution of the intestine in the beneficial effects of EPA and DHA, this study assessed gene expression changes using whole genome microarray analysis on small intestinal scrapings. The main biological process affected was lipid metabolism. Fatty acid uptake, peroxisomal and mitochondrial beta-oxidation, and omega-oxidation of fatty acids were all increased. Quantitative real time PCR and intestinal fatty acid oxidation measurements ([14C(U)]-palmitate) confirmed significant gene expression differences in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, no major changes in the expression of lipid metabolism genes were observed in colonic scrapings. In conclusion, we show that marine n-3 fatty acids regulate small intestinal gene expression patterns. Since this organ contributes significantly to whole organism energy use, this adaptation of the small intestine may contribute to the complex and observed beneficial physiological effects of these natural compounds under conditions that will normally lead to development of obesity and diabetes. Experiment Overall Design: Male 4-month-old C57BL/6J mice were maintained for 4 weeks on semisynthetic high-fat (20% wt/wt) diets differing in the composition of n-3 PUFA. Two isocaloric diets were used (n=12): control sHFf diet which contained flax-seed oil (rich in ALA) as the only lipid source, or the sHFf-F2 diet, which had the same composition except that 44 % of the lipids were replaced by a n-3 PUFA concentrate (EPA&DHA) containing 6 % EPA and 51 % DHA (EPAX 1050TG; EPAX AS, Lysaker, Norway). Quality control of RNA samples showed that four samples did not pass quality thresholds, and these samples were excluded from array analysis (two control small intestine samples and one EPA&DHA small intestine sample). The remaining RNA samples were pooled per tissue per diet group. Thus; the flax-seed (control) array was hybridized with RNA pooled from of 10 mice, the PUFA array was hybridized with RNA pooled from 11 mice.

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Integrative analysis of Proteomics and lipidomics profiles reveal the fat deposition and meat quality in Duroc×Guangdong small spotted pig

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