Dataset Information

Characterization and functional differentiation of colostrum, transition milk, and mature milk somatic cells proteomes in multiparous Murrah buffaloes

ABSTRACT: The objective of the present study was to examine the proteome dynamics of somatic cells from colostrum to mature milk. Milk somatic cells are a mixture of mammary epithelial cells (MECs) and immune cells, secreted in milk during milking. Besides protecting the mammary gland, the milk somatic cells have a dual role of contributing to the newborn calf’s health and development and it is unclear how their cargo is altered during the initiation of lactation. Somatic cells were isolated by density gradient centrifugation method from milk obtained from buffaloes on postpartum day 1 (D1; colostrum), 4 (D4; early transitional), 7 (D7; late transitional), and 15 (D15; mature). Quantitative proteomic analysis by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/ MS) of homogenate D1, D4, D7, and D15 (n = 6), identified a total of 4429 proteins. 71 proteins were uniquely expressed on D1, while 10, 25 and 15 unique proteins respectively on D4, D7 and D15. Of the high-confidence proteins, 3949 were common among all 4 days of lactation. The significantly changed proteins from the colostrum to mature milk were analyzed using gene ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, and their interactions were generated using the Search Tool for Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) database. Results indicated the up-regulated proteins across the days were involved in metabolic processes like PPAR signaling, biosynthesis of lipids, amino acids and cofactors, amino and nucleotide sugar metabolism, glycolysis, and peroxisome. The down-regulated proteins were involved in phospholipid efflux and triglyceride (TG) homeostasis, electrolyte balance, mineral absorption and associated hormone regulation, complement and coagulation cascades, and immune-related functions like negative regulation of cytokine production, antigen processing and presentation, and mRNA processing, etc. Our study provides comprehensive alterations in the milk somatic cell proteome. In conclusion, the changes in biological functions indicate both mammary function/metabolism and the specific developmental requirements during the initial phases of calf development.

INSTRUMENT(S):

ORGANISM(S): Bos Taurus (bovine)

TISSUE(S): Somatic Cell

SUBMITTER: Priyanka M. Kittur

LAB HEAD: Dr. Ajay Kumar Dang

PROVIDER: PXD054309 | Pride | 2025-07-14

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Proteomic analysis of Buffalo milk somatic cells reveals metabolomic and immunological transitions during early lactation.

Kittur Priyanka M PM Satheesan Lija L Gunturu Narasimha Tanuj NT Somagond Yallappa M YM Madhusoodan A P AP Gandham Ravi Kumar RK Alex Rani R Dang Ajay Kumar AK

Scientific reports 20250702 1

Buffalo milk is renowned for its nutritional and functional properties. Milk somatic cells protect the mammary gland, contribute to the functionality of the udder, and also aid in the health and development of newborn calves, particularly during the critical early lactation period. However, proteomic changes in buffalo milk somatic cells during the transition from colostrum to mature milk remain poorly understood. This study was formulated to characterize the proteomic dynamics of buffalo milk s ...[more]

PMID: 40596636

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Project description:Objectives To perceive the temporal features of breast milk proteome between women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and healthy controls across various lactation periods, as well as to explore the potential impacts of these differences on the growth of offspring. Methods The study cohort included twenty mothers with GDM and twenty healthy mothers. Human milk samples were obtained at four distinct time points: colostrum (4-6 days postpartum), transitional milk (12-14 days postpartum), early mature milk (42 days postpartum) and mature milk (4 months postpartum). Shotgun proteomics with label free quantification was applied to analyze the milk proteome. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, alongside other bioinfomatic tools were conducted to elucidate the function of differentially expressed proteins. Subsequently, a random forest model was utilized to discern proteins that could reliably differentiate milk samples from mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) from those of healthy counterparts. Furthermore, correlative analysis was employed to investigate the association between these proteins and the anthropometric indices of infants. Results Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) revealed distinct separations in the milk proteome of GDM and healthy mothers during the initial lactation stages, with these differences diminishing over time. The up-regulated proteins in GDM were predominantly associated with the innate immune system, complement and coagulation cascades, cellular secretion, enzymatic and binding activity, and platelet activation. Six proteins were identified as effective markers for distinguishing milk samples from the two groups, with an average area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.91. Twenty-eight proteins exhibited consistent changes between GDM and healthy groups across at least two lactation stages, many of which were significantly correlated to the anthropometric indices of the offsprings. Conclusions GDM significantly influences the milk proteome, with the extent of alteration diminishing as lactation progresses into the mature milk phase.

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Dataset Information

Characterization and functional differentiation of colostrum, transition milk, and mature milk somatic cells proteomes in multiparous Murrah buffaloes

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Publications

Proteomic analysis of Buffalo milk somatic cells reveals metabolomic and immunological transitions during early lactation.

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