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Arabidopsis BN-PAGE Proteomics Probing GatCAB-dependent Mistranslation

ABSTRACT: Protein translation is a fundamental principle in cell biology. It requires transfer RNAs (tRNAs) loaded with their cognate amino acid to ensure the accurate incorporation of amino acid into the nascent peptide chain. Bacteria, mitochondria, and plastids synthesize glutaminyl -tRNAs (Gln-tRNAGln) for protein synthesis via an indirect pathway. tRNAGln is initially charged with glutamate by a non-discriminating aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. Subsequently, tRNA-attached glutamine is produced by transamidation of the Glu-tRNAGln via the aminoacyl-tRNA amido-transferase complex GatCAB. Impaired function of amido-transferases has mostly negative effects in humans, yeast and bacteria. Interestingly however, in bacteria protein mistranslation through changed amido-transferase activity was shown as specialized strategy to survive adverse conditions, such as reactive oxygen stress, UV-light or inhibitor treatments. The consequences of decreased amido-transferase activity in plant and especially its plastids are unknown. Tampering with the plant amido-transferase should result in amino acid misincorporation for proteins synthesized in plastids and mitochondria while nuclear encoded proteins should not exhibit increased rate of Gln to Glu substitutions. Using this dataset, we aim to investigate this hypothesis assembled photosynthetic complexes in a band cut from a BN-PAGE of chloroplasts of wt and gatb-1 plants.

INSTRUMENT(S):

ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis Thaliana (mouse-ear Cress)

TISSUE(S): Rosette

SUBMITTER: Benjamin Brandt

LAB HEAD: Hans-Henning Kunz

PROVIDER: PXD057465 | Pride | 2026-06-08

REPOSITORIES: pride

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			Action	DRS
	Col-0_B2_1_GB1_1_4080.d.zip	Other
	Col-0_B2_1_GB1_1_4083.d.zip	Other
	Col-0_B2_2_GB3_1_4087.d.zip	Other
	Col-0_B2_3_GB5_1_4091.d.zip	Other
	Col-0_B2_4_GB7_1_4095.d.zip	Other

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Project description:Plastids contain multiple copies of the plastid chromosome, folded together with proteins and RNA into nucleoids. The degree to which components of the plastid gene expression and protein biogenesis machineries are nucleoid associated, and the factors involved in plastid DNA organization, repair, and replication, are poorly understood. To provide a conceptual framework for nucleoid function, we characterized the proteomes of highly enriched nucleoid fractions of proplastids and mature chloroplasts isolated from the maize (Zea mays) leaf base and tip, respectively, using mass spectrometry. Quantitative comparisons with proteomes of unfractionated proplastids and chloroplasts facilitated the determination of nucleoid-enriched proteins. This nucleoid-enriched proteome included proteins involved in DNA replication, organization, and repair as well as transcription, mRNA processing, splicing, and editing. Many proteins of unknown function, including pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR), tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR), DnaJ, and mitochondrial transcription factor (mTERF) domain proteins, were identified. Strikingly, 70S ribosome and ribosome assembly factors were strongly overrepresented in nucleoid fractions, but protein chaperones were not. Our analysis strongly suggests that mRNA processing, splicing, and editing, as well as ribosome assembly, take place in association with the nucleoid, suggesting that these processes occur cotranscriptionally. The plastid developmental state did not dramatically change the nucleoid-enriched proteome but did quantitatively shift the predominating function from RNA metabolism in undeveloped plastids to translation and homeostasis in chloroplasts. This study extends the known maize plastid proteome by hundreds of proteins, including more than 40 PPR and mTERF domain proteins, and provides a resource for targeted studies on plastid gene expression. Details of protein identification and annotation are provided in the Plant Proteome Database.

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Arabidopsis BN-PAGE Proteomics Probing GatCAB-dependent Mistranslation

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