Dataset Information

Map of the Neuronal Tissue O-glycoproteome Reveal Specific Traits in the Secretogranin Family

ABSTRACT: Impairments in protein glycosylation cause severe developmental disorders and most with prominent neurological involvement. This includes the most abundant GalNAc-type O-glycosylation, but unravelling underlying disease etiologies caused by deficiencies in this glycosylation pathway is hampered by limited knowledge of neuronal O-glycoproteins. Here we report a comprehensive map of GalNAc-type O-glycoproteins (>800) and O-glycosites (>4,000) from neuronal tissues and cell lines that are compiled in a web-based resource. We identified abundant O-glycosites within major classes of proteins involved in neuroplasticity, including perineuronal nets, synapse formation, axon guidance, membrane remodeling and dense core granulogenesis. We demonstrate that Chromogranin A, a key player in neurotransmitter signaling, is abundantly decorated with O-glycans and glycosaminoglycans, and that glycosylation is important for proper multimerization. We further demonstrate that neuronal cell lines deficient in O-glycosylation exhibit higher capacity for storing the neurotransmitter noradrenaline and enlarged neurotransmitter-containing dense core granules

INSTRUMENT(S):

ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens (human)

TISSUE(S): Brain, Cell Culture

SUBMITTER: Sergey Vakhrushev

LAB HEAD: Sergey Vakhrushev

PROVIDER: PXD057996 | Pride | 2025-07-28

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Publications

Map of the neuronal O-glycoproteome reveals driver functions in the regulated secretory pathway.

Madsen Thomas D TD Topaktas Asli B AB Dworkin Leo A LA Hintze John J Hansen Lasse H LH Nikpour Mahnaz M Lackman Jarkko J JJ Goth Christoffer K CK Larson Göran G Shiplett Emily J EJ Edmondson Andrew C AC Zhou Zhaolan Z Miller Rebecca L RL Joshi Hiren J HJ Vakhrushev Sergey Y SY Schjoldager Katrine T KT

The Journal of biological chemistry 20250529 7

Impairments in protein glycosylation, including O-GalNAc-type glycosylation, are linked to severe developmental disorders with prominent neurological involvement. However, the role of this glycosylation pathway at a cellular level is not yet fully understood. Here, we report a comprehensive map of GalNAc-type O-glycoproteins (>800) and O-glycosites (>4000) from neuronal tissues and cell lines and identify abundant O-glycosites within major classes of proteins involved in neuroplasticity, includi ...[more]

PMID: 40449597

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Project description:Glycosylation is an abundant post-translational modification of both intracellular and extracellular proteins [1]. The majority of glycans are classified as N-linked chains, where the carbohydrate moiety is attached to asparagine residues, or O-linked chains, most commonly linked to a serine or threonine. N-linked glycosylation is initiated by the oligosaccharyltransferase complex with only two paralogs of the catalytic subunit, whereas O-glycan initiation is more complex. There are several types of O-linked glycosylation, but among the most diverse is the mucin or GalNAc type (hereafter referred to as O-glycosylation). O-glycosylation is initiated by 20 evolutionarily conserved polypeptide GalNAc-transferases (GalNAc-Ts), which catalyze the first step in the O-glycosylation of proteins by adding GalNAc residues to threonine, serine, and tyrosine amino acids (Fig 1A). Each of the GalNAc-Ts are differentially expressed in various tissues and have both distinct and overlapping peptide substrate specificities [2-12]. Thus, the repertoire of GalNAc-Ts expressed in a given cell determines the subset and O-glycosite pattern of glycosylated proteins [13]. Substantial efforts have been made to characterize and predict the substrate specificities of GalNAc-Ts in vitro, but understanding of the in vivo specificities of the individual GalNAc-Ts or their biological functions is limited [13-15]. This lack of insight prevents an understanding of how site-specific O-linked glycosylation affects diseases, such as metabolic disorders, cardiovascular disease, and various malignancies, that have been associated with GalNAc-Ts through genome-wide association studies and other linkage studies [16-26]. Therefore, it is imperative that we establish how O-glycosylation at specific sites in proteins affects protein function. A major task in achieving this goal is to identify the non-redundant biological functions of site-specific O-glycosylation. We and others recently developed new strategies for identifying specific sites on proteins that undergo O-glycosylation in different cell types and tissues [27-31]. Characterization of the O-glycoproteomic landscape in isolated human cells and multiple human cell lines suggests that more than 80 % of all proteins that traffic through the secretory pathway are O-glycoproteins [28, 30]. Probing the non-redundant contributions of individual GalNAc-Ts in cells with and without specific GalNAc-Ts [32-34] has revealed broad substrate specificities for some of the individual isoforms, whereas others seem to have very restricted substrate specificities [33-35]. Assessing all of the mapped O-glycosylation sites to identify associations between O-glycosites and protein annotations, we recently found that O-glycans are over-represented close to tandem repeat regions, protease cleavage sites, within propeptides, and on a select group of protein domains [28, 30, 36]. Although such general associations between the location of O-glycans and protein functions may direct future investigations, the strategy does not define the function of site-specific glycosylation. Further progress in discovering and defining novel functions of site-specific glycosylation events requires direct quantitative analysis of potential biological responses induced by the loss of distinct GalNAc-T isoforms, and such biological responses are not easily observed in single cell culture systems. Instead, more complex model systems can be used to examine and dissect the molecular mechanisms underlying the important biological functions of site-specific glycosylation. We previously used an organotypic tissue model equipped with genetically engineered cells to decipher the function of elongated O-glycans [29]. In the present study, we use the model combined with quantitative O-glycoproteomics and phosphoproteomics to perform open-ended discovery of the biological functions of site-specific glycosylation governed by GalNAc-Ts (Fig 1B). With this combinatorial strategy, we demonstrate that loss of individual GalNAc-T isoforms has distinct phenotypic consequences through their effect on distinct biological pathways, suggesting specific roles during epithelial formation.

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	Madsenetal_Sppl_Data_PSMs.xlsx	Xlsx
	N2A_subHCD.zip	Other