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Top down analysis of human MT2 modification by ajoen and allicine

ABSTRACT: Garlic (Allium sativum) is a widely used culinary ingredient of multiple cuisines. Once disintegrated garlic cloves release volatile sulfur compounds, the so-called garlic organosulfur compounds (GOSC). The most famous of these are allicin and ajoen, known for their antimicrobial properties. These compounds also readily modify human metallothionein proteins. In this study we aimed to identify the reactive sites of allicin and ajoen within the purified human metallothionein 2 (MT2). For this we employed an LC-MS protein top-down analysis.

INSTRUMENT(S):

ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens (human)

SUBMITTER: Michał Tracz

LAB HEAD: Michal Tracz

PROVIDER: PXD059722 | Pride | 2025-07-31

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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			Action	DRS
	240429_MTH2_Ajoen_TD_1CENT.mzML	Mzml
	240429_MTH2_Ajoen_TD_1CENT.raw.zip	Raw
	240429_MTH2_Ajoen_TD_1CENT_ms2_topmg_proteoform.tsv	Tabular
	240429_MTH2_Ajoen_TD_1CENT_ms2_topmg_proteoform_single.tsv	Tabular
	240429_MTH2_Ajoen_TD_1CENT_ms2_topmg_prsm.tsv	Tabular

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Allicin inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication and abrogates the antiviral host response in the Calu-3 proteome

Project description:The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic causes a major health burden. Garlic organosulfur compounds, such as the diallyl thiosulfinate allicin exert strong antimicrobial activity against various respiratory pathogens. Here, we investigated the antiviral activity of allicin against SARS-CoV-2 in infected Vero E6 and Calu-3 lung cells. Allicin efficiently inhibited viral replication and infectivity in both cell lines. Proteome analyses of infected Calu-3 cells revealed a strong induction of the antiviral interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) signature (e.g. Mx1, IFIT, 2’5’OAS and ISG15), pathways of vesicular transport, tight junctions (KIF5A/B/C, OSBPL2, CLTC1, ARHGAP17) and ubiquitin modification (UBE2L3/5), as well as reprogramming of host metabolism, transcription and translation. Allicin abrogated the ISG host response and reverted the host cellular pathways to Mock levels, confirming the antiviral and immunomodulatory activity of allicin in the host proteome. Thus, biocompatible doses of garlic could be promising for protection of lung cells against SARS-CoV-2.

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The human allicin-proteome: global protein S-thioallylation of by the garlic defence substance allicin and its biological effects

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Altered microRNAs expression and gene expression in allicin-treated ileal tissues revealed their potential roles in regulating host responses to antimicrobials

Project description:Allicin is a natural extract from garlic that has been used as an antibiotic alternative in livestock production. Limited knowledge is known about the effects of allicin on gut microbiota and tissue. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of allicin on the expression of ileal miRNAs and the tissue-associated total bacterial density in pre-weaned calves. Different doses of allicin (0 mg, 0.5 mg, 5 mg, 50 mg and 500 mg) were used to treat in vivo ileal loop tissues in pre-weaned calves for different periods (1 day, 3 days and 12 days). A total of 15 miRNAs showed allicin dose-dependent differential expression patterns. Four miRNAs (miR-132, miR-423-5p, miR-429 and miR-6529a) were upregulated in 50 mg or 500 mg treated gut tissues, while 11 miRNAs (miR-190a, miR-193a-3p, miR-196a, miR-196b, miR-2285aa, miR-2285o, miR-2887, miR-2904, miR-409a, miR-6523a and miR-96) were downregulated in 50 mg or 500 mg treated gut tissues. Functional analysis of differentially expressed mRNAs showed that the upregulated mRNAs regulate functions that may be involved in “disrupted microtubule function”, and the downregulated miRNAs may be associated with the “inhibited leukocyte transendothelial migration” and “promoted cell phagocytosis”.

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