DNA-Protein Crosslinking Problem in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for methanol utilization
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ABSTRACT: Formaldehyde-induced DNA-protein crosslinkings (DPCs) and large repeated DNA fragments suggest strategies for methanol detoxification and phenotype enhancement
Project description:Formaldehyde-induced DNA-protein crosslinkings (DPCs) and large repeated DNA fragments suggest strategies for methanol detoxification and phenotype enhancement
Project description:Formaldehyde-induced DNA-protein crosslinkings (DPCs) and large repeated DNA fragments suggest strategies for methanol detoxification and phenotype enhancement
Project description:In our study, we found that low-passage dermal papilla cells (DPCs) and dermal sheath cells (DSCs) has higher homing rate than that of high-passage DPCs and DSCs. To uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying the difference of homing rate between low-passage DPCs/DSCs and high-passage DPCs/DSCs, we perform transcriptome analysis of mRNA expression profiles of low-passage and high-passage DPCs and DSCs.
Project description:Dermal papilla cells (DPCs) are located at the bottom of hair follicles and play important roles on hair induction by interacting with epidermal cells. DPCs are promising cell sources for hair regeneration therapy for alopecia patients. However, freshly isolated DPCs rapidly lose their hair inductive activity and proliferative potential under culture conditions. We examined the effects of telomere reverse transcriptase (TERT) and B-cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus insertion region 1 (BMI1) on extending the life span of murine DPCs as well as on hair inductive activity.TERT and BMI1 genes were introduced into murine DPCs using lentivirus vectors. Hair inductive activity of transfected DPCs (t-DPCs) was determined by in vivo chamber assay in nude mice. Transcripts between intact dermal papillae (DPs) and cultured DPCs were compared by microarray analysis.
Project description:Background & Aims: Cholangiocarcinomas (CCAs), heterogeneous biliary tumors with dismal prognosis, lack accurate early-diagnostic methods, especially important for individuals at high-risk (i.e., primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)). Here, we searched for protein biomarkers in serum extracellular vesicles (EVs). Methods: EVs from patients with isolated PSC (n=45), concomitant PSC-CCA (n=42), PSC who developed CCA during follow-up (PSC to CCA; n=25), CCAs from non-PSC etiology (n=56), hepatocellular carcinoma (n=34) and healthy individuals (n=55) were characterized by mass-spectrometry. Diagnostic biomarkers of PSC-CCA, non-PSC CCA or CCAs regardless etiology (pan-CCAs) were defined, and their expression was evaluated in human organs/tissues and within CCA tumors at single-cell level. Prognostic EV-biomarkers for CCA were investigated. Results: High-throughput proteomics identified candidate diagnostic biomarkers for PSC-CCA, non-PSC CCA or pan-CCA, as well as and for differential diagnosis of intrahepatic CCA and HCC, that were cross-validated by ELISA using total serum. Machine learning logit modelling disclosed CRP/FRIL/Fibrinogen algorithm with diagnostic value for early-stage PSC-CCA vs isolated PSC (AUC=0.944; OR=82.0), overpowering CA19-9 (AUC=0.735; OR=9.3). An algorithm combining CRP/VWF/PIGR/ /Fibrinogen allowed the diagnosis of early-stage non-PSC CCAs compared to healthy individuals (AUC=0.999; OR=1115). Noteworthy, levels of Fibrinogen/CRP/PIGR/FRIL showed predictive capacity for CCA development in patients with PSC before clinical evidences of malignancy. Multi-organ transcriptomic analysis revealed that serum EV-biomarkers were mostly expressed in hepatobiliary tissues, and scRNA-seq and immunofluorescence analysis of CCA tumors showed their presence mainly in malignant cholangiocytes. Multivariable analysis unveiled EVprognostic biomarkers independent to clinical features, with COMP/GNAI2/CFAI and ACTN1/MYCT1/PF4V associated negatively or positively to patients’ survival, respectively. Conclusions: Serum EVs contain protein biomarkers for the prediction, early diagnosis and prognosis estimation of CCA, representing a novel tumor cell-derived liquid biopsy for personalized medicine.
Project description:This study determined the influence of myeloid cell Trim59 deficiency on experimental stroke outcomes and the cerebral proteomic profile using myeloid cell Trim59 conditional knockout (Trim59-cKO) mice, the middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion ischemic model, and a label-free quantitative proteomic profiling technique.
Project description:Dermal papilla cells (DPCs) and epidermal hair matrix cells (HMCs) located in hair bulb are the key cell types during the hair follicles (HFs) development. To explore the mRNA and miRNA expression of DPCs and HMCs of yak hair follicle, illustrating the mocular basis of the interaction and cellular communication between DPCs and HMCs during the hair follicle development, the DPCs and HMCs of yak were isolated and cultured, RNA-seq was used to identify the differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs between DPCs and HMCs.
Project description:Dermal papilla cells (DPCs) and epidermal hair matrix cells (HMCs) located in hair bulb are the key cell types during the hair follicles (HFs) development. To explore the mRNA and miRNA expression of DPCs and HMCs of yak hair follicle, illustrating the mocular basis of the interaction and cellular communication between DPCs and HMCs during the hair follicle development, the DPCs and HMCs of yak were isolated and cultured, RNA-seq was used to identify the differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs between DPCs and HMCs.
Project description:To establish a miRNA expression profile for DPCs undergoing epigenetically-mediated mineralisation, rodent DPCs were induced to mineralise and treated with a HDAC inhibitor, SAHA, and a DNMT inhibitor, 5-AZA-CdR. RNA was then isolated from DPCs at day 4 of culture and subjected to RNA sequencing. Subsequent bioinformatic analysis identified differentially expressed miRNAs compared with untreated mineralising DPCs.
Project description:Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) and endosomal microautophagy (eMI) are pathways for selective degradation of cytosolic proteins in endo-lysosomal compartments. These autophagic processes share as a first step the recognition of the same five amino acid motif in substrate proteins by the hsc70 chaperone, therefore raising the possibility of a regulatory network linking the two pathways. In this work, we demonstrate the existence of a compensatory relationship between CMA and eMI and identify a role for the chaperone protein Bag6 in triage and internalization of eMI substrates into the late endosome. Association and dynamics of Bag6 at the late endosome membrane change during starvation which we found that, contrary to other autophagic pathways, causes a decline in eMI activity. Collectively, we establish a coordinated function of eMI with CMA, identify the interchangeable subproteome degraded by these pathways and start to elucidate the molecular mechanisms that facilitate the switch between them.