Identification of lactylated proteins in C2C12 cells
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
INSTRUMENT(S):
ORGANISM(S): Mus Musculus (mouse)
TISSUE(S): Muscular System
SUBMITTER: 
玉泽 安
LAB HEAD: Hui Peng
PROVIDER: PXD068737 | Pride | 2025-11-22
REPOSITORIES: Pride
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| XB02857GP_GI.zip | Other | |||
| XB02857GP_Lactly_IP.raw | Raw | |||
| checksum.txt | Txt |
Items per page: 5 1 - 3 of 3 |
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Project description:LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP) is critical in host defense against invading pathogens, but the molecular mechanism for LAP activation is still unclear. Here, we find programmed cell death 6 (PDCD6) as a negative regulator of LAP. PDCD6 deficiency in mice and macrophages induces enhanced bactericidal activity and LAP formation. In parallel, lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) activity and lactate production is induced in macrophages challenged with bacteria, Zymosan or Pam3CSK4, while genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition of LDHA reduces lactate levels and impairs bactericidal activity in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, PDCD6 interacts with LDHA to downregulate lactate metabolism, leading to reduced RUBCN lactylation at lysine33 (K33). By contrast, PDCD6-deficiency increases RUBCN lactylation, thereby promotes RUBCN interaction with VPS34, LAP formation, and protective responses. Our results thus suggest a PDCD6-LDHA-lactate-RUBCN axis of innate immunity regulation that may both contribute to protection from infectious diseases and serve as targets for therapeutic development.
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Project description:L-Lactylation is a recently discovered post-translational modification occurring on histone lysine residues to regulate gene expression. However, the substrate scope of lactylation, especially that in non-histone proteins, remains unknown, largely due to the limitations of current methods for analyzing lactylated proteins. Herein, we report an alkynyl-functionalized bioorthogonal chemical reporter, YnLac, for the detection and identification of protein lactylation in mammalian cells. Our in-gel fluorescence and chemical proteomic analyses show that YnLac is metabolically incorporated into lactylated proteins and directly labels known lactylated lysines of histones. We further apply YnLac to the proteome-wide profiling of lactylation, revealing many novel modification sites in non-histone proteins for the first time.
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Project description:Aerobic glycolysis is a hallmark of virus-infected cells, leading to substantial accumulation and secretion of lactate. However, the regulatory roles of lactate during viral infections are still poorly understood. Here, we report that human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection leverages lactate to induce widespread protein lactylation and promote viral spread. Lactyllysine decorates intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) of proteins, regulating viral protein condensates and immune signaling transduction. Dynamic lactylation of immune response pathways, a feature shared during infection with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), suppresses immunity through regulation of HEXIM1, RBM14, and IFI16. K90 lactylation of the viral DNA sensor IFI16 blocks recruitment of the DNA-damage response master kinase DNA-PK, preventing IFI16-driven gene repression and cytokine responses. Together, we characterize global protein lactylation dynamics during virus infection, finding virus-induced lactate contributes to its immune evasion through direct inhibition of immune signaling pathways.
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Project description:Aerobic glycolysis is a hallmark of virus-infected cells, leading to substantial accumulation and secretion of lactate. However, the regulatory roles of lactate during viral infections are still poorly understood. Here, we report that human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection leverages lactate to induce widespread protein lactylation and promote viral spread. Lactyllysine decorates intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) of proteins, regulating viral protein condensates and immune signaling transduction. Dynamic lactylation of immune response pathways, a feature shared during infection with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), suppresses immunity through regulation of RBM14 and IFI16. K90 lactylation of the viral DNA sensor IFI16 blocks recruitment of the DNA-damage response master kinase DNA-PK, preventing IFI16-driven gene repression and cytokine responses. Together, we characterize global protein lactylation dynamics during virus infection, finding virus-induced lactate contributes to its immune evasion through direct inhibition of immune signaling pathways.
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Project description:Interstitial renal inflammation contributes to the transition from acute kidney injury (AKI) to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Recently, protein lactylation modification has emerged as a novel mechanism mediating chronic organ damage. We investigated lactylated protein profiles and the role of protein lactylation during AKI progression. Severe and moderate AKI mouse models were constructed by bilateral renal ischemia for 35 and 25 min respectively. The lactylation enhancer and inhibitors were used to verify the effect of protein lactylation. Lactylated proteomics was used to detect lactylated protein changes in kidneys, and the lactylated proteins related to kidney injury were screened for verification. We observed significantly higher lactate and protein lactylation levels in the severe than in the moderate AKI model 1–28 days post-injury. Inhibition of protein lactylation protected against renal interstitial fibrosis. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that protein lactylation activated Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes, promoting the AKI–CKD transition. Comprehensive lactylome profiling of severe AKI models revealed a role for lactylated proteins in metabolic pathways, primarily the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle where the rate-limiting enzyme, citrate synthase (CS), exhibited significantly elevated lactylation levels 3–7 days post-AKI induction; K370 was the most significant lysine residue. In vitro, following hypoxia/reoxygenation, the modified/lactylated K370T group significantly decreased CS activity and mitochondrial function. Furthermore, CS-K370 lactylation activated the NLRP3 inflammasome. Lactylation of CS promotes the AKI–CKD transition through NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Inhibition of CS lactylation shows therapeutic potential for preventing this transition.
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