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Salivary proteomics and metabolic responses to resistance training with and without blood flow restriction in young adults

ABSTRACT: Partial oxygen restriction in muscles during exercise, known as blood flow restriction (BFR), has been applied as alternative strategy to reproduce the effects of conventional high-load intensity training (HI) while training with low-loads (LI). Saliva may serve as a reliable tool for understanding the biological pathways involved in both protocols. This intervention and cross-over study evaluated the metabolic responses and the salivary protein profile before and after two different resistance training protocols. Ten participants were selected and underwent to training with LI (30%1RM – one repetition maximum) plus BFR vs. HI (70%1RM) without BFR, at 48h-interval. Stimulated saliva was collected before and immediately after the sessions, while breath-by-breath oxygen uptake (VO2) was measured during and after each session. Arterial blood samples for lactate concentration measurement (in EqO2[La]) were taken at 1st minute of resting between each exercise of the protocols. For HI, there was an increase in two actin cytoplasmic isoforms and two immunoglobulin isoforms and a decrease of six hemoglobin isoforms. For BFR, there was an increase in two hemoglobin isoforms, and the same immunoglobulin isoforms (t-test, p < 0.05). No differences were significant between HI and LI+BRF training regarding the total energy demand (in mlO2), absolute oxygen values (mlO2) for oxidative response (VO2ON), glycolytic (EqO2[La]), and oxygen debt (VO2OFF) (p>0.05). Both HI and LI+BFR protocols modulated immune system activity and exhibited divergent hemoglobin patterns. While HI training predominantly upregulated proteins associated with energy metabolism and muscle remodeling, BFR training revealed a proteomic signature suggestive of neuroprotective effects.

INSTRUMENT(S):

ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens (human)

TISSUE(S): Saliva

SUBMITTER: Karina Santos

LAB HEAD: Karina Oliveira Santos

PROVIDER: PXD070541 | Pride | 2025-12-26

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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			Action	DRS
	Arquivos_Leitura.zip	Other
	arquivos_search_final_protein.zip	Other
	checksum.txt	Txt

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Project description:In our previous study, by microarray detection, we illuminated the gene expression profiling in copper-exposed embryos. We found that genes of hematopoiesis, hemoglobin genes exhibited significant increase in copper-exposed embryos. In addition, copper-exposed embryos presented relatively high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), while the oxygen binding and oxygen transporter activities were also up-regulated in the embryos. Moreover, the scavengers NAC, GSH, and DMTU not only inhibited in vivo ROS levels induced by copper, but also significantly rescued expression of hemoglobin genes back to almost normal levels, and also helped with copper excretion from the copper-exposed embryos. Our data first demonstrated that ROS mediated copper induced increased expression of hemoglobin genes in vertebrates, and copper excretion was blocked by its induced ROS. Total RNA from each sample was quantified by the NanoDrop ND-1000 and RNA integrity was assessed by standard denaturing agarose gel electrophoresis. For microarray analysis, Agilent Array platform was employed. The sample preparation and microarray hybridization were performed based on the manufacturerâs standard protocols. Briefly, total RNA from each sample was amplified and transcribed into fluorescent cRNA with using the manufacturerâs Agilentâs Quick Amp Labeling protocol (version 5.7, Agilent Technologies). The labeled cRNAs were hybridized onto the Whole Genome Oligo Array (4x44K, Agilent Technologies). After having washed the slides, the arrays were scanned by the Agilent Scanner G2505C. Agilent Feature Extraction software (version 11.0.1.1) was used to analyze acquired array images. Quantile normalization and subsequent data processing were performed using the GeneSpring GX v11.5.1 software package (Agilent Technologies). After quantile normalization of the raw data, genes that at least 2 out of 4 samples have flags in Detected (âAll Targets Valueâ) were chosen for further data analysis. Differentially expressed genes were identified through Fold Change filtering. Pathway analysis and GO Analysis were applied to determine the roles of these differentially expressed genes played in these biological pathways or GO terms. Finally, Hierarchical Clustering was performed to show the distinguishable gene expression pattern among samples. 4 samples in two pairs were analyzed by gene microarray analysis. In each pair, there were control group and disposed group as compared samples. Replicates were normalized by Fisherâs exact test. KangChen Inc.

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Salivary proteomics and metabolic responses to resistance training with and without blood flow restriction in young adults

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