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Proteomic analysis of dental calculus from Edo-period individuals excavated from the Umeda cemetery, Osaka, Japan

ABSTRACT: Food systems is an analytical framework developed in agricultural economics that encompasses the entire process from food production, processing, distribution, preparation, to consumption. In archaeology, the distinction between food supply, which indicates the presence of food resources within a region, and accessibility, which reflects the extent to which individuals could actually obtain these resources, potentially enables a more nuanced reconstruction of past human diets. In this study, we utilised this food system framework to investigate the accessibility of food items for commoners in premodern Osaka, a logistical hub with a diverse food supply. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of bone collagen and palaeoproteomic analysis of dental calculus were performed for eight skeletal individuals from the Osaka Ofukacho site. The stable isotope ratios were within the previously reported ranges for premodern commoners in Japan. A total of 38 dietary proteins across 17 taxa were identified in the calculus. The identified food items included Pagrus major, which was an economically high-grade fish, Salmonidae, which was traded over long distances, the meat of terrestrial mammals, which were publicly avoided during this period, and cottonseed, which was possibly used as an edible oil. These findings reflect high accessibility to diverse food items even among commoners, which was maintained by the well-developed transport network of premodern Osaka. These results emphasize the pivotal role of commoners in the development of Japan’s culinary culture.

INSTRUMENT(S):

ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens (human)

SUBMITTER: Yoko Uchida-Fukuhara

LAB HEAD: Takumi Tsutaya

PROVIDER: PXD075594 | Pride | 2026-07-31

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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			Action	DRS
	10_E_uc06_06_B318_R518_1_20240528.raw	Raw
	11_Blank_S.raw	Raw
	12_Blank_P.raw	Raw
	13_uc02_01_S.raw	Raw
	14_uc02_01_P.raw	Raw

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