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Excess muscle plasma membrane leak disrupts extracellular matrix content and shifts macrophage-mediated muscle repair

ABSTRACT: Plasma membrane repair is critical for tissue integrity, especially for elongated contractile muscle cells. Genetically-mediated defects in plasma membrane resealing produce persistent leak, leading to a disordered extracellular matrix. Loss of the membrane repair protein dysferlin slows sarcolemmal resealing and promotes excess leak. Annexin A6 is also implicated in sarcolemmal repair, forming repair caps at the site of membrane disruption. On its own, deletion of the gene for annexin A6, Anxa6, had little effect on muscle health. In contrast, combined loss of dysferlin and annexin A6 (DysfA6) generated muscle fibers with profoundly defective membrane leak. Strikingly, Anxa6 deletion in the context of loss of dystrophin (mdxA6) did not exacerbate muscle defects. The persistent membrane leak in DysfA6 muscle resulted in marked macrophage infiltration with disordered macrophage polarization. Injured muscle fibers were targets of macrophage efferocytosis. Loss of Anxa6 was associated with increased expression of annexins A1 and A2, both of which were heavily deposited into the extracellular matrix. In vitro, macrophages exposed to annexins A1 and A2 expressed increased Csf1, consistent with a model where excess leak results in annexins A1 and A2 in the extracellular matrix, where this protein composition elicits macrophage proliferation and efferocytosis.

INSTRUMENT(S):

ORGANISM(S): Mus Musculus (mouse)

TISSUE(S): Quadriceps

DISEASE(S): Wounds And Injuries

SUBMITTER: Kirk Hansen

LAB HEAD: Alexis Demonbreun

PROVIDER: PXD077779 | Pride | 2026-06-15

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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			Action	DRS
	Cell_combined.prot.xml	Xml
	File_Key_Experimental_Conditions.xlsx	Xlsx
	checksum.txt	Txt
	iECM_combined.prot.xml	Xml
	sECM_combined.prot.xml	Xml

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Excess muscle plasma membrane leak disrupts extracellular matrix content and shifts macrophage-mediated muscle repair [scRNA-Seq]

Project description:Plasma membrane repair is critical for tissue integrity, especially for elongated contractile muscle cells. Genetically-mediated defects in plasma membrane resealing produce persistent leak, leading to a disordered extracellular matrix. Loss of the membrane repair protein dysferlin slows sarcolemmal resealing and promotes excess leak. Annexin A6 is also implicated in sarcolemmal repair, forming repair caps at the site of membrane disruption. On its own, deletion of the gene for annexin A6, Anxa6, had little effect on muscle health. In contrast, combined loss of dysferlin and annexin A6 (DysfA6) generated muscle fibers with profoundly defective membrane leak. Strikingly, Anxa6 deletion in the context of loss of dystrophin (mdxA6) did not exacerbate muscle defects. The persistent membrane leak in DysfA6 muscle resulted in marked macrophage infiltration with disordered macrophage polarization. Injured muscle fibers were targets of macrophage efferocytosis. Loss of Anxa6 was associated with increased expression of annexins A1 and A2, both of which were heavily deposited into the extracellular matrix. In vitro, macrophages exposed to annexins A1 and A2 expressed increased Csf1, consistent with a model where excess leak results in annexins A1 and A2 in the extracellular matrix, where this protein composition elicits macrophage proliferation and efferocytosis.

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Excess muscle plasma membrane leak disrupts extracellular matrix content and shifts macrophage-mediated muscle repair

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Transcription profiling of hind limbs from annexin A5 and A6 knock-out mice

Project description:Initiation of mineralisation during endochondral ossification is a multistep process and was assumed to correlate with specific interactions of annexins and collagens. Annexins A5 and A6 are postulated to represent the essential annexins promoting cartilage mineralisation. However, skeletal development appears to be normal in annexin A5 or A6 deficient mice. The highly conserved structures of annexins led to the assumption that annexins A5 and A6 may fulfill redundant functions. We now generated mice deficient for both proteins, annexins A5 and A6. Mice were viable, fertile and showed no obvious abnormalities. Assessment of skeletal elements using histological, ultrastructural and peripheral quantitative computed tomography methods revealed that mineralisation and development of the skeleton was not significantly affected in mutant mice. In respect of the lack of an obvious phenotype we now applied microarray analysis to the growth plate to define changes in the transcriptome of juvenile murine growth plates from mutant mice. Global gene expression analysis revealed subtle phenotypes at the transcriptome level of genes involved in cell growth and intermediate metabolism in mutant mice. These data demonstrate that both annexins are dispensable for proper cartilage mineralisation but may affect cell proliferation processes at the transcriptomic level.

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Project description:Membrane association of the tumor suppressor, annexin A6 (AnxA6), has been shown to regulate plasma membrane permeability to extracellular Ca2+, inhibit anchorage-independent tumor cell growth and paradoxically, promote tumor cell motility by mechanisms that remains poorly understood. Here, we identified RasGRF2, a Ca2+-activated Ras-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, as a major effector of AnxA6-elicited tumor-associated phenotypes in breast cancer cells. We demonstrate that reduced expression or loss of AnxA6 in breast cancer cells is associated with up-regulation of RasGRF2, increased Ras activity and consequently, early onset and rapid growth of xenograft tumors. Meanwhile, up-regulation of AnxA6 in AnxA6-low breast cancer cells is associated with a decrease in Ras activity and growth of xenograft tumors but on the contrary, an increase in Cdc42 activity and EGF-stimulated cell motility. Inhibition of Ca2+ influx into AnxA6-low breast cancer cells via Ni2+-sensitive or non-selective Ca2+ channels dose-dependently suppressed the expression of RasGRF2, induced the expression of AnxA6 and consequently, inhibited tumor cell proliferation. Finally, aberrant expression of RasGRF2 may be triggered by AnxA6-mediated or pharmacological inhibition of non-selective Ca2+ channels and occurs at least in part, by promoter methylation. These data for the first time identify RasGRF2 as a major effector of AnxA6-dependent breast tumor growth and motility and that regulated Ca2+ influx and/or RasGRF2 may be potential therapeutic targets for rapidly growing AnxA6-low breast carcinomas

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Detection and quantification of ANXA6 in blood-EVs from breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy

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2019-01-02 | PXD010292 | Pride

Mouse wild-type and Anxa5-null utricles and hair bundles

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2016-06-09 | PXD003005 | Pride

Regulation of somatosensory mechanotransduction by Annexin A6

Project description:Sensory neuron mechanically-activated slowly adapting currents have been linked to noxious mechanosensation. We identified a Conotoxin, Noxious Mechanosensation Blocker -1, that blocks such currents selectively. Using an active biotinylated form of the toxin we identified 67 binding proteins in sensory neurons and sensory neuron-derived cell lines using mass spectrometry. Annexin A6 was the most frequently identified binding protein. Annexin A6 knockout mice showed an enhanced sensitivity to mechanical stimuli. Rapidly adapting currents were enhanced and slowly adapting channels diminished. The percentage of neurons expressing slowly adapting currents fell and non-responsive neurons increased. Conversely, overexpression of annexin A6 in DRG neurons inhibited rapidly adapting currents without effects on slowly adapting currents. Co-expression of annexin A6 with Piezo 2 led to an inhibition of Piezo-mediated rapidly adapting currents. AAV-mediated gene delivery of annexin A6 to sensory neurons in a mouse model of osteoarthritis attenuated mechanical pain. These data demonstrate a role for annexin A6 in somatosensory mechanotransduction.

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Excess muscle plasma membrane leak disrupts extracellular matrix content and shifts macrophage-mediated muscle repair

Project description:Excess muscle plasma membrane leak disrupts extracellular matrix content and shifts macrophage-mediated muscle repair

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Project description:Repair of injured muscle involves repair of injured myofibers through the involvement of dysferlin and its interacting partners, including annexin. Studies with mice and patients have established that dysferlin deficit leads to chronic inflammation and adipogenic replacement of the diseased muscle. However, longitudinal analysis of annexin deficit on muscle pathology and function is lacking. Here we show that unlike annexin A1, but similar to dysferlin, lack of annexin A2 (AnxA2) causes poor myofiber repair and progressive weakening with age. However, unlike dysferlin-deficient muscle, AnxA2-deficient muscles do not exhibit chronic inflammation or adipogenic replacement. Deletion of AnxA2 in dysferlin deficient mice reduces inflammation, adipogenic replacement, and loss in muscle function caused by dysferlin deficit. These results show that: a) AnxA2 facilitates myofiber repair, b) chronic inflammation and adipogenic replacement of dysferlinopathic muscle requires AnxA2, and c) inhibiting AnxA2-mediated inflammation is a novel therapeutic avenue for dysferlinopathy.

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